RFEIRL INC. DAILY dROAIL/,..t V44.? BROADCAST ARCHIVE ANALYSES \vt,5) Teo\c,--V1\tkran 0/4 of ppc,Eir plass I Raw' RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS (A summary of the news coverage by the Russian-language programming appears at the end of the DBA) (An * next to a program indicates designated for translation) Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis for Thursday, 21 February 1985 D. Felton and E. Romano A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL; 1. Soviet-US Relations. EVENTS AND PEOPLE (Muslin, NY 4) cited testimonies before the Senate Armed Services Committee by three senior officials, Kenneth Adelman, Richard Perle, and John Chain, all of whom accused the USSR of violating existing arms control treaty obligations, including the 1972 ABM treaty. Perle was cited that the USSR should be penalized somehow and that arms control without Soviet compliance is tantamount to unilateral disarmament by the US. Chain listed some of the steps the US plans to take to ensure that the USSR fulfill the letter and spirit of its treaty obligations. A CND report from Washington of February 20 was used. EVENTS AND PEOPLE (Polishchuk, W 4:30) cited testimonies before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee by Lawrence Eagleburger, Richard Pipes, and Marshal Shulman, who were not optimistic about the prospects for a US -Soviet arms control agreement in the near future. Richard Pipes expressed the view that SDI was the only realistic program that Could stop the USSR's commanding lead in offensive weapons and might in the future put an end to the nuclear arms race. A CND report from Washington of February 21 was used. 2 2. The Soviet Occupation of Afghanistan. PANORAMA (Polishchuk, W 5) reported on a press conference held in Washington by two US Senators and the Washington -based non-governmental "Committee for a Free Afghanistan" at which partisan commanders Rakhmadul Saati and Vali Khan and others spoke of Soviet reprisals against the civilian population, the shortage of arms and medical supplies, and the good treatment given to captured Soviet soldiers. Senator Paul Simon was quoted that the American people should give more help to the Afghan people in its just fight against unprovoked Soviet aggression. EVENTS AND PEOPLE (Salkazanova, P 5:30) reported on a press conference given at the French Senate by visiting Afghan resistance leader Abdul Haq, who appealed for open French government assistance to -the Afghan resistance movement. The program presented an excerpt from an RL interview with Hag taken in Afghanistan last year in which he stressed that the Mujahidin are not an -army or soldiers, but Afghan peasants who are defending their country against foreign invaders. The program then cited Paris press conference statements by the Mayor of Antony, who explained why he twinned his city to Paghman, as well as comments by French parliamentarian Deniau about his recent trip to Afghanistan RADIO JOURNAL ON THE SOVIET UNION (Klovskaya, M 5:30) gave the gist of an article in the Swiss Weltwoche by Andreas Kohlschuetter, recently back from a visit to Kabul, in which he spoke of the increasing difficulty of concealing from the Soviet population the real state of affairs in Afghanistan, and suggested that the appearance of a certain elembnt of realism in Soviet media coverage could be aimed at persuading the public to give up illusions of a quick end to the Soviet military involvement in Afghanistan. There are no indications, says Kohlschuetter,- that Moscow is interested in a political settlement. 3. Jews. RADIO JOURNAL ON THE SOVIET UNION (Salkazanova, P 4) cited an article in the Paris newspaper Liberation by Dominique Nora on a visit she made to the USSR, accompanied by French writer and philosopher Alain Finkelkraut, in which she spoke of the persecution of Soviet Jewish refuseniks. 3 4. Fedor Stepun. FROM THE OTHER SHORE (Schlippe, M 29:30) featured the second installment of the memoirs of the late philosopher, writer, and politician Fedor Stepun, expelled from the USSR in 1922, which were published in New York in 1956 under the title That Which Was and That Which Was Not to Be. This installment was from the chapter "School Years, Moscow." Therrogram was pegged to the 20th anniversary of Stepun's death in Munich. 5. The Leadership. PANORAMA (Predtechevsky, M 5) examined Gorbachev's election speech, finding that it presages the conformism which he will probably show as a future party leader anxious not to displease the nomenklatura. 6. The Economy. RADIO JOURNAL ON THE SOVIET UNION (Salkazanova, P 1:30) cited from an article by Dominique Nora in the French Liberation on the extensive black marketeering in the USSR. 7. Georgia. DOCUMENTS AND PEOPLE (Fedoseyeva, M3; Kashia, M 8; and Alexeyeva, NY 10) featured the first installment of a talk by Georgian historian and chief editor of RL's Georgian Service, Dzhanri Kashia, in which he outlined the history and character of the Georgian people's fight for human and national rights. After this, veteran Soviet human rights activist Lyudmila Alexeyeva, using samizdat materials (AS -5227 and 5228), recalled and backgrounded the trial one year ago of young members of the underground Georgian National Liberation Movement. 8. Literature. CULTURE, FATES, TIME (V. Iverni, P 9) reviewed Alexey Arbuzov's latest play The Guilty Ones, recently published in Teati. The program remarked that Arbuzov's work polemicizes with the Soviet play as a genre. CULTURE, FATES, TIME (Dovlatov, NY 8) -gave a profile of the late modernist Soviet poet Alexander Vvedensky in connection with the publication of a two -volume collection of his works by Ardis. Vvedensky was subjected to persecution under Stalin and was subsequently rehabilitated, however, his poetry is still suppressed in the USSR. An example of Vvedensky's poetry was given. 4 9. Chess. RADIO JOURNAL ON THE SOVIET UNION (Rubin, NY 7) pointed to the inconsistencies in Karpov's behavior in the matter of the annulment of his world chess championship contest with Kasparov by FIDE President Campomanes. The program said Karpov's reputation has been irrevocably destroyed and recalled the dubious circumstances surrounding Karpov's refusal to agree to Bobby Fisher's contest conditions and his world championship contest with Korchnoy. B. CROSS -REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS: 1. Poland. RELIGION IN THE MODERN WORLD (Rahr, M 7:30) a RERUN from February 19, included an item on Church -state relations in Poland in the wake of the Popieluszko trial. C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS: 1. US -Britain. PANORAMA (Weinstein, W7), reporting on Margaret Thatcher's visit to the US, highlighted her speech before a joint session of both Houses of Congress. EVENTS AND PEOPLE (Matusevich, L 4) cited British press comment on Margaret Thatcher's visit to the US, particuarly her speech before a joint session of both Houses of Congress, in The Times (London), The Daily Telegraph, The Daily Express, The Guardian, and The Daily Mail. 2. US -Nicaragua:' EVENTS AND PEOPLE (Tarasenkov, W 4) cited Shultz's testimony before the House Foreign Relations Committee defending the Administration's aid request for the anti-Sandinist rebels in Nicaragua and stressing that Soviet control over Eastern Europe will not be extended to Nicaragua. The program noted that this was the first time a Reagan administration official characterized Nicaragua in terms of the iron curtain and cited President Reagan's radio broadcast calling the Contras "freedom fighters" and "our brothers." Congressman Barnes's dissatisfaction with US policy in Central America was noted. 3. US -Chilean Relations. PANORAMA (Orshansky, W 5) cited an interview in the Knight-Ridder newspapers with .Assistant Secretary of State for Human Rights Elliott Abrams sharply criticizing General Pinochet's dictatorial rule of Chile. Abrams compared Pinochet to Somoza, said that 5 the administration erred when it assumed that Pinochet was a temporary ruler who would eventually lead his nation to democracy, noted that the administration has now turned to public denunciations of Pinochet's regime, and observed that, although stepped-up US pressures on Pinochet will lead to a worsening of bilateral relations, the US is interested in maintaining good relations with the people of Chile more than with Pinochet. 4. The Middle East. EVENTS AND PEOPLE (Silnitskaya, NY 4:30) gave a roundup of the latest diplomatic activity aimed at finding a solution to the Arab-Israeli conflict. 5. France. DEMOCRACY IN ACTION (Sezeman, P 7) talked about the functioning and dynamics of political parties in France, contrasting the pluralistic nature of these parties with the rigid, military-police-like hierarchical structure of the French Communist Party. The program stressed that it is this structure, as well as the Frenchman's dedication to the basic principles of democracy, that led to the PCF's steady decline in popularity over the past ten years. 6. Brazil. DEMOCRACY IN ACTION (Kosman NY 7) discussed first the recent election of Tancredo Neves as Brazil's civilian President after 21 years of military rule dna noted his statements pledging to return Brazil to full democracy. 7. Peru. DEMOCRACY IN ACTION (Velberg, NY 7) discussed the rise of the Maoist-terrorist organization "bright road" in Peru and the threat it poses to the still fragile democratically-elected government of Peru's President Fernando Terry. 8. The Pope's Visit to Latin America was the subject of an item in RELIGION IN THE MODERN WORLD (Shilaeff, NY 6:30), a RERUN from February 19. 9. Democracy. DEMOCRACY IN ACTION (Shragin, NY 7) discussed the organizational structure of the Social -Democratic parties in the Western democracies, focusing on the differences between the Social -Democratic parties' "sections" and the communist parties' "cells." The program was based on a book by French political scientists entitled Political Parties: Their Organization and Functions.