Appendix to the Responses of the Government of Hungary to the list of issues and questions with regard to the consideration of the combined seventh and eighth periodic report (CEDAW/C/HUN/7-8) Annex no. 1 Important cases of legal violations established by the Media Council 2008 RTL Klub – Fábry Show In decision no.583/2008. (III. 26.) the ORTT (National Committee for Radio and Television) found that the RTL Klub programme titled "Fábry Show" had committed a legal violation when the presenter, while discussing domestic political issues, made strong, vulgar comments of a sexual nature about the leader of the Hungarian Socialist Party faction, the largest governing party in parliament. Although the presenter apologised to the faction leader, he later countered his statement, noting that the government could also apologise for what they had done, in the light of which the earlier image is not an exaggeration. In the view of the Committee, what was said in that part of the programme put the socialist politician in an undignified and vulnerable position, and hurt her human dignity by making jokes which reduced her to a sexual object. The ORTT (the legal predecessor, until 2010, to the present media authority) found that the broadcasting company Magyar RTL Televízió Zrt. was in breach of Act I of 1996 on radio and television broadcasting (hereafter: Radio and TV Act),1 paragraph 3 (2) (protection of the right to human dignity in the media). In view of the breach, the Committee called upon the programme broadcaster to discontinue its unlawful conduct. 2009 TV2 - Mokka ("Mocha") In decision no. 1254/2009. (VI. 17.) the ORTT examined the TV2 programme titled "Mokka". In the programme, the following SMS message could be read in connection with Katalin Szili, at that time the Parliamentary Speaker: "While we're on the subject of dogs, people of Pécs! Don't vote for the red bitch!" In the Committee's opinion, the hurtful content of the message - which could have hurt both Katalin Szili's person and status as a woman - was found to be against human dignity in the practice of the broadcaster. The ORTT found the broadcaster in breach of paragraph 3(2) of the Radio and TV Act (protection in the media of the right to human dignity). Because of the violation, the Committee suspended the service of the broadcaster for a period of 10 minutes. 2010 TV2 - Édes Négyes ("Sweet Foursome") In decisions no. 758/2012. (XII.8.) and 819/2010. (XII. 15.) the Media Council condemned the broadcaster of the programme for broadcasting shocking, vulgar and sexist transmissions. 1 The Radio and TV Act was in force until 31st December 2010, when it was replaced by the currently valid Media Act, mentioned in the introduction. 1 TV2 transmitted the trash reality programme, titled "Édes négyes - egyedülálló sztár megosztaná" ("Sweet Foursome - Single Star Wants to Share"), from the end of August, 2010. Each week, a different well-known celebrity featured in the show, whom four competing women/men had to chat up during a dinner-date each, at which the other competitors were also present. The Media Council found that the female models of behaviour in the show were portrayed schematically and with prejudice, and that sexual insinuations made up an organic part of the programme. The most problematic component of the programmes was the way women were presented, the portrayal of the female gender and the constant sexual references and behaviour, with kisses, flirting and hugging. The narration itself suggested that the competing women were reduced to objects of sexuality, as they were labelled "dögös cicababák" ("gorgeous pussycat dolls") while they waited to be categorised on the basis of their external endowments. The Media Council found that the broadcaster had violated the rules on the protection of minors, and the Media Council imposed a penalty on the broadcaster amounting to 62,767,526 HUF. TV2 - Ezek megőrültek ("They've Gone Crazy") In decision no. 337/2011. (III. 9.) the Media Council found that the programmes titled "Ezek megőrültek" (They've Gone Crazy"), broadcast by TV2 in October 2010, contained several scenes which exceeded the emotional and intellectual capacities of the recommended age group, and which could have been capable of disturbing the composure and value judgement of young viewers. The broadcaster categorised the legally offensive programmes in the age group "twelve" (suitable for persons of age 12 or over), which can be broadcast at any time of the day, where they should have been categorised as "sixteen" and only broadcast after nine o'clock in the evening. The main reasons justifying the classification of the programmes investigated into a higher age bracket were the sexuality present at both the verbal and the visual levels, the emphasis placed on sex, the reduction of women to sexual objects and the transmission of degrading and stereotypical images of women. The Media Council found that the broadcaster had violated the rules on the protection of minors, and the Media Council imposed a penalty on the broadcaster amounting to 13,160,974 HUF. 2011 RTL Klub - Való Világ 4 ("The Real World 4") The reality show "Való Világ" was broadcast by RTL Klub between November 2010 and May 2011. The Media Council found several infringements of the law in the show, regarding the depiction of sex and communication between the genders. In the verbal manifestations of sexual content, not only the sexual content itself could be regarded as problematic, but also the degradation of the female gender that took place in parallel with it. The people in the show voiced degrading comments about the female gender on several occasions, which gave the impression that women were not partners of equal status with men. According to the eventual winner of the series, certain women would only find him attractive and enter into a sexual relationship with him if he had enough money to "buy" them. In his utterances, he treated women as objects. 2 The Media Council found that the portrayal of this attitude towards life and towards women was capable of serving as a negative role model to teenagers about behaviour towards the opposite sex and about the equality of both parties in a healthy relationship. These utterances were not refuted or countered in any way whatsoever by the presenters of the show. The Media Council found that the broadcaster had violated the rules on the protection of minors, and the Media Council imposed a penalty on the broadcaster amounting to 277,949,727 HUF. TV2 - Összeesküvők ("Conspirators") The greatest problems with the programmes broadcast by TV2 were the presentation of sexual content, the compound presentation of arguments and verbal threats and the excessive depiction of alcohol consumption. Excessive alcohol consumption resulted in angry situations in several cases. On one occasion of a heated conflict, one of the female participants became involved in a noisy verbal exchange and abused the other players of the game using vulgar language. The partner of the enraged woman attempted to "hold her back" by slapping her on the face, pulling her hair and hitting her. This abuse occurred on the world day of violence within the family, so the broadcaster reported that they were distancing themselves from the event, and excluding the man and woman concerned from the game. The Media Council found that the broadcaster had violated the rules on the protection of minors, and imposed a penalty on the broadcaster amounting to 18,000,000 HUF. Annex no. 2 Gender of persons appearing in news programmes (per cent) N=117634 men women MTV1 esti Híradó (Evening News) 80.0 20.0 Duna TV Híradó (News) 80.1 19.9 180 perc ("180 minutes") 81.2 18.8 Déli Krónika ("Midday Chronicle") 84.2 15.8 Esti Krónika ("Evening Chronicle") 86.7 13.3 Tények (TV2) 70.0 30.0 RTL Klub Híradó (News) 68.4 31.6 Class FM Hírek (News) 77.1 22.9 Neo FM Hírek (News) 75.1 24.9 ATV Híradó (News) 84.0 16.0 Híradó 21 (Hír TV) 83.6 16.4 Echo TV Híradó (News) 85.6 14.4 total 78.3 21.7 Annex no. 3 Court rulings in 2011 (human trafficking) Komárom-Esztergom county: 3 Two persons were convicted of the charge of trafficking in persons. Their sentence was one year in prison, suspended for two years. The victim of the crime was an adult at the time the crime was committed. Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county: 4 people were charged: The first person was sentenced to 9 years' imprisonment for one count of trafficking in persons for the purpose of sexual exploitation and three counts of attempted trafficking in persons. In addition, the person was excluded from participating in public affairs for 9 years and expelled from the county of Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok for 5 years. The second person was sentenced to 5 years and 6 months in prison for one count of trafficking in a minor for the purpose of sexual exploitation and three counts of attempted trafficking in persons. In addition, the person was excluded from participating in public affairs for 5 years. The third person was sentenced to 2 years' imprisonment for trafficking in minors for the purpose of sexual exploitation. The sentence was suspended for 5 years. The fourth person was sentenced to 3 years' imprisonment for trafficking in minors for the purpose of sexual exploitation. The person was also excluded from participating in public affairs for 3 years. Nógrád county: Two persons were convicted for the same charge. One of the convicted was sentenced to 4 years in prison for human trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation committed against a person deprived of their personal liberty through violence or threats.