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About Google Book Search Google's mission is to organize the world's information and to make it universally accessible and useful. Google Book Search helps readers discover the world's books while helping authors and publishers reach new audiences. You can search through the full text of this book on the web at http : / /books . qooqle . com/ 28S 57 V. / Digitized by I y Googk yGoogk . J Digitized by Google THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY EDITED BY E. CAPPS, Ph.D., LL.D. T. E. PAGE, Litt.D. W. H. D. ROUSE, Litt.D. THE GEOGRAPHY OF STRABO I Digitized by Digitized by Google I 111. \ yGoogk THE GEOGRAPHY OF STRABO WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION BY HORACE LEONARD JONES, A.M., Ph.D. BASED IN PART UPON THE UNFINISHED VERSION OF JOHN ROBERT SITLINGTON STERRETT PH.D., LL.D. IN EIGHT VOLUMES I LONDON : WILLIAM HEINEM ANN NEW YORK : G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS MOMXVII Digitized by e yGoogk ; PREFACE Professor John Robert Sitlington Sterrett, the eminent scholar who was originally chosen by the Editors of the Loeb Classical Library to prepare this edition of Strabo, died suddenly on June 15, 1914. His many friends and colleagues in the world of scholarship were greatly disappointed that he was thus prevented from bringing to a happy completion a task which would have been a fitting consummation of a long and notable career. In accordance with a desire he expressed to me shortly before his death, and at the invitation of the Editors, I have ventured, not without misgivings, to carry on the work from the point where his labours ceased. The Introduction and the Bibliography remain substantially as they were left by Professor Sterrett and the translation of the first two books, contained in Volume I., not only is indebted to him for much of its diction, but reveals in other elements of style many traces of his individuality. Nevertheless the v PREFACE present version, a fairly literal one perhaps, is so remote from the free rendering of Professor Sterrett, above all in the technical passages, that it would be unjust to hold him responsible for any mistakes or infelicities which the reader may now detect. The Editors, it is true, at first requested me merely to revise and see through the press the first two books as Professor Sterrett had left them, and then to pro- ceed independently with the remaining fifteen ; yet upon a closer examination of his work both they and I decided that to revise it for publication would be impossible without destroying its quality and aim, at all events for a new translator of the whole. The Editors then decided, in view of the purposes of the Loeb Library and for the sake of unity in the work as a whole, to proceed as the title-page indicates; and hence, in order to avoid the danger of attributing to Professor Sterrett a method of interpretation for which he should not be held accountable, the pre- sent translator has been forced to assume all the responsibility from the beginning—for the first two lwoks as well as the rest. In constituting the Greek text I have tried to take into account the work that has been done by scholars, not only since the appearance of Meineke's edition, but prior to that edition as well. The map vi PREFACE of The Inhabited World according to Strabo (drawn by Mr. L. A. Lawrence of Cornell University) is adapted partly from the Orbis Terrarum secundum Strabonem of C. M tiller and partly from that of W. Sieglin. I wish to acknowledge my great indebtedness to my colleagues, Professor Lane Cooper and Professor Joseph Quincy Adams, of Cornell University, for their criticism of the translation ; and also to Pro- fessor Ora M. Leland, for assistance in technical problems related to astronomy. But above all, a desire to record an incalculable debt of gratitude to my lamented friend, Professor Sterrett, who, in the relation first of teacher and later of colleague, was to me, as to many others, an unfailing source of inspiration and encouragement. H. L. J. April, 1916. vii Digitized by yGoogk CONTENTS THE INHABITED WORLD ACCORDING TO STRABO . Fr<Mtl8pitCe PAGE PREFACE V INTRODUCTION XI BIBLIOGRAPHY XX ix BOOK I 1 BOOK II 251 A PARTIAL DICTIONARY OF PROPER NAMES 523 ix Digitized by yGoogk INTRODUCTION What is known about Strabo must be gleaned from his own statements scattered up and down the pages of his Geography ; this is true not merely of his lineage j for we also learn much by inference concerning his career and writings. Dorylaus, sur- named Tacticus or the General, is the first of the maternal ancestors of Strabo to be mentioned by him, in connexion with his account of Cnossus (10. 4. 10). This Dorylaus was one of the officers and friends of Mithridates Euergetes, who sent him on frequent journeys to Thrace and Greece to enlist mercenary troops for the royal army. At that time the Romans had not yet occupied Crete, and Dorylaus happened to put in at Cnossus at the outbreak of a war between Cnossus and Gortyna. His prestige as a general caused him to be placed in command of the Cnossian army ; his operations resulted in a sweeping victory for Cnossus, and great honours were heaped upon him in consequence. At that juncture Euergetes was assassinated at Sinope, and as Dorylaus had nothing to hope for from the widowed queen and young children of the dead king, he cast in his lot permanently with the Cnossians. He married at XI INTRODUCTION Cnossus, where were born his one daughter and two sons, Lagetas and Stratarchas. Their very names indi- cate the martial proclivities of the family. Stratarchas was already an aged man when Strabo saw him. Mithridates, surnamed Eupator and the Great, succeeded to the throne of Euergetes at the early age of eleven years. He had been brought up with another Dorylaus, who was the nephew of Dorylaus the general. When Mithridates had become king, he showed his affection for his playmate Dorylaus, by showering honours upon him, and by making him priest of Ma at Comana Pontica—a dignity which caused Dorylaus to rank immediately after the king. But not content with that, Mithridates was desirous of conferring benefactions upon the other members of his friend's family. Dorylaus, the general, was dead, but Lagetas and Stratarchas, his sons, now grown to manhood, were summoned to the court of Mithridates. "The daughter of Lagetas was the mother of my mother," says Strabo. As long as fortune smiled on Dorylaus, Lagetas and Stratarchas continued to fare well ; but ambition led Dorylaus to become a traitor to his royal master; he was con- victed of plotting to surrender the kingdom to the Romans, who, it seems, had agreed to make him king in return for his treasonable service. The details of the sequel are not known ; for all that Strabo thinks it worth while to say is that the two men went down into obscurity and discredit along with Dorylaus (10.