CENTRO UNIVERSITARIO DE LA DEFENSA ACADEMIA GENERAL DEL AIRE Aeronautical Military English Glossary & Workbook Trabajo Fin de Grado Autor: A. A. D. José Abel Marín Rodríguez (LXVI – CGEA-EOF) Director: Dra. Ángela Almela Sánchez-Lafuente Grado en Ingeniería en Organización industrial Curso: 2014/2015 – convocatoria: junio / agosto / febrero Tribunal nombrado por la dirección del Centro Universitario de la Defensa de San Javier, el día ____ de ____________ de 20____. Presidente: Dr. D. José Serna Serrano Secretario: Dr. D. Antonio Daniel Juan Rubio Vocal: Dª Isabel María García Conesa Realizado el acto de defensa del Trabajo Fin de Grado, el día____ de _________ de 20____, en el Centro Universitario de la Defensa de San Javier. Calificación: __________________________. EL PRESIDENTE EL SECRETARIO EL VOCAL Aeronautical Military English Glossary & Workbook RESUMEN: “Aeronautical Military English Glossary & Workbook” es un léxico en lengua inglesa que introduce los términos más comunes empleados en el ámbito aeronáutico militar. El léxico incluye definiciones semánticas tomadas de fuentes especializadas, la transcripción fonética de cada término y la traducción al castellano de los términos y definiciones. Un cuaderno de trabajo acompaña al glosario, en el que se propone al usuario ejercicios, lecturas y archivos digitales de video y audio que le ayuden a conocer el contenido del glosario. El cuaderno se estructura en unidades temáticas en las que se agrupa por campos casi la totalidad del léxico contenido en el glosario. ABSTRACT: “Aeronautical Military English Glossary & Workbook” is an English vocabulary that introduces the most common terms used in military aeronautics. The lexicon includes semantic definitions taken from specialized sources, a phonetic transcription of each term and a translation into Spanish of both terms and definitions. The glossary is accompanied by a workbook, in which the user is proposed to complete a series of vocabulary, reading and video or audio listening exercises to help them to know the content of the glossary. The workbook is divided in thematic units, and these, in turn, group almost the whole lexicon in thematic clusters. Dedicated to Elena. Your infinite patience has granted me the time needed, your caring support has provided me the encouragement, and your great spirit has filled the void left in my absence. Acknowledgements A special thanks to my research supervisor, Dr. Ángela Almela Sánchez- Lafuente, for her commitment, her enthusiasm, her guidance and her constant desire of improvement throughout the entire process. Thank you M.A. Inmaculada Arboleda Guirao for you brief but vital advice. I would like to acknowledge and thank the English Department from Academia General del Aire and United States Air Force 1st Lieutenant Michael Osborne for their exceptional and selfless help with this paper. Thanks to Juan Antonio Cifuentes for sharing his elaborated outlines of Spanish Air Force aircraft. Finally, I would like to thank all my teachers from the beginning of the degree, for sharing their knowledge and making this achievement possible. Content Chapter 1. Introduction .................................................................................... 1 1.1. Why English?................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2. A lesson learnt ................................................................................................................................ 3 1.3. Intermediate layer........................................................................................................................ 3 1.4. Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 5 Chapter 2. Objectives ......................................................................................... 7 2.1. General objective: All in one .................................................................................................... 7 2.2. Specific objectives ........................................................................................................................ 7 Learning the content without reading the glossary ............................................................. 7 Dynamic source ...................................................................................................................................... 8 Chapter 3. State of the art ................................................................................ 9 3.1. Aeronautical English ................................................................................................................... 9 3.2. Aeronautical English glossary ............................................................................................. 10 3.3. Aeronautical military English glossary ........................................................................... 11 3.4. Aeronautical Military English Glossary & Workbook .............................................. 11 Chapter 4. Methodology ................................................................................ 13 4.1. Working out the structure ..................................................................................................... 13 4.2. Choosing the glossary format .............................................................................................. 13 4.3. Unit by unit ................................................................................................................................... 14 4.4. Working out the answers ....................................................................................................... 15 Chapter 5. Content ........................................................................................... 17 5.1. Workbook scheme and summary ...................................................................................... 18 5.2. Aeronautical & Military English Workbook .................................................................. 27 i Chapter 6. Conclusions and further work .............................................. 97 Appendix I: Aeronautical Military English Glossary .......................... 99 Appendix II: Aeronautical Military English Answer Book ............ 145 Appendix III: Listening media CD ............................................................ 173 References ........................................................................................................ 177 ii Aeronautical Military English Glossary & Workbook Chapter 1. Introduction 1.1. Why English? It is a fact that English is being increasingly used in Spanish military aviation units on a daily basis. A simple revision of the evolution of the military aviation standardization gives us the answer to the question raised in this chapter title. This revision can start with a brief analysis of the phrase “military aviation” to clarify the answer. Firstly, “aviation”, international aviation to be precise. In 1944, the International Civil Aviation Organization was created, as a UN specialized agency, with the objective of creating and enhancing a safe, efficient and sustainable global civil aviation system. This objective is constantly being achieved through international Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) of ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization), to which member states refer during the development of their national aviation legislation (ICAO, 2015). In relation to these standards, since 1951, ICAO recommended the use of English by all the personnel involved in international aeronautical radiotelephony communications (ICAO, 1951). This recommendation has, over time, become an obligation for pilots, controllers, operators and the rest of the personnel related to communication. These professionals must demonstrate a defined proficiency level, in the language used for aeronautical communication in each station, to receive a license (International Civil Aviation Organization, 2006). Therefore, since the language established for international aviation radiotelephony communication is mandatorily English (International Civil Aviation Organization, 2006), it is concluded that any person working in any international operation, related to aviation radiotelephony communication, must achieve the required proficiency level of English. 1 Aeronautical Military English Glossary & Workbook Secondly, the question must be answered in relation to the second word too, “military”. As a North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) member country, Spain is committed to undertake military operations under Article 5 of the Washington Treaty, or under a UN mandate (NATO, 2015). After the signature of the North Atlantic Treaty on 4 April 1949, the Council of NATO held its first session in Washington on 17 September 1949, when English and French were established as the official languages for the entire North Atlantic Treaty Organization (Chairman Mr. Achenson, 1949). The continuously growing alliance extended its development towards the complex military structure it has become today. In its early years, relationships between the members of different Armed Forces from NATO stayed in the highest hierarchic levels. Nevertheless, over the years NATO members have approached each other in all of the echelons of military headquarters and units. Doctrine publications, strategic decisions, joint and combined operations, tactical manuals and daily work are