Unit: 4.1 Name: Section Title: Basics of Kingdom Protista Latin Root Word: Review of Old Information: NONE New Information: Complete the notes in the spaces below. Classification: • Kingdom Protista contains ____________________ main groups of organisms. 1. Protozoa: 2. Algae: 3. Slime & Water Molds: Basics of Protozoa: • Unicellular • ____________________ unlike bacteria • ____________________ different species • Heterotrophic • __________ - __________ OR parasitic • Habitats include _______________________________________________________________ Protozoa Reproduction: • __________ protozoa can use _______________ reproduction through binary or multiple fission. • __________ protozoa reproduce sexually through ___________________. Special Protozoa Adaptations: • Eyespot: • Cyst: Basics of Algae: • __________ - __________ protists • __________ unicellular; __________ multicellular • Make food by _________________________ • Were classified as plants, but….. • Most aglal cells have ___________________ ( ) • Can use asexual OR ____________________ reproduction. Algae Structure: • Thallus: • Body Structure: 1. Unicellular: 2. Colonial: 3. Filamentous: 4. Multicellular Basics of Fungus-like Protists: Slime Molds: Water Molds: Activity: In each of the circles below, sketch a species of microorganism you observe under the microscope and answer the questions that follow. 1) a. Is the species animal-like, plant-like, or a fungus-like protist? _______________________________________________ b. How can you tell? _________________________________ ______________________________________ c. Using the pond life guide, can you identify the species name of your microorganism? _____________________________ 2) a. Is the species animal-like, plant-like, or a fungus-like protist? _______________________________________________ b. How can you tell? _________________________________ ______________________________________ c. Using the pond life guide, can you identify the species name of your microorganism? _____________________________ 3) a. Is the species animal-like, plant-like, or a fungus-like protist? _______________________________________________ b. How can you tell? _________________________________ ______________________________________ c. Using the pond life guide, can you identify the species name of your microorganism? _____________________________ 4) a. Is the species animal-like, plant-like, or a fungus-like protist? _______________________________________________ b. How can you tell? _________________________________ ______________________________________ c. Using the pond life guide, can you identify the species name of your microorganism? _____________________________ 5) a. Is the species animal-like, plant-like, or a fungus-like protist? _______________________________________________ b. How can you tell? _________________________________ ______________________________________ c. Using the pond life guide, can you identify the species name of your microorganism? _____________________________ Unit: 4.2 Name: Section Title: Classifying Protozoa Latin Root Word: Review of Old Information: None New Information: Complete the notes in the spaces below. Protozoa Phyla: • Protozoa are classified into ______________ phyla: 1. Sarcodina (_____________________) 2. _____________________ (cilia) 3. Zoomastigina (___________________) 4. ___________________ (none) • Four phyla are separated by how the phyla ______________. Phylum Sarcodina: • __________________ species that live in fresh and salt water, and soil • Movement uses ______________ (Pseudo= false, pod= feet) by the process of __________________ ____________________. • Feed through ___________________ where pseudopodia surround food to form a food vacuole • Ex: _______________ (some parasitic) • Entamoeba histolytica (causes __________ and __________ __________) The Contractile Vacuole: Phylum Ciliophora: • Members of genus Paramecium are among the most studied ciliates • Movement through cilia: hair like projections that line cell membrane • Heterotophic • Found in freshwater and saltwater • Have the most complex anatomy of protozoa Internal structure Function Pellicle Oral Groove Funnel depression leads into mouth pore Cilia sweep food from oral groove into the mouth pore Gullet Forms food vacuoles that circulate through cytoplasm Anal pore Macronucleus Used to exchange genetic material necessary for sexual reproduction Phylum Zoomastigina: • Characterized by the presence of one or more _____________________ • Found in __________ AND __________ Parasitic Flagellates (Genera Trypanosoma): Name of Disease Vector Symptoms Trypanosomiasis Fever, lethargy, mental deterioration (sleeping sickness) Chagas Disease Kissing bug Sand flies Contaminated water Severe diarrhea, intestinal cramps Phylum Sporozoa: • Most species are ___________ • __________ movement • Complex Life cycle: produce infective form of parasite called a spore –______________ ______________ (toxoplasmosis) –Plasmodium (______________) Malaria: • Largest worldwide epidemic in history • Plasmodium sp.: causes malaria • Malaria: infects between __________ and __________ million people every year • Control through __________ __________, oils, insecticides, anti-malarial drugs • Progression of Symptoms: 1. 2. Activity: Complete the questions in the spaces below 1. A ______________________________ is anything that is not a plant, animal, or fungi. 2. What does the word "protist" mean? ____________________________________________ 3. One way to classify protists is according to the way they obtain ____________________________ 4. Protists that are heterotrophs are called __________________________ protists; protists that are autotrophs are called ____________________________ protists. 5. What does the word "protozoa" mean? ___________________________________ 6. How are the four phyla of protozoa distinguished from one another? _________________________ 7. What are flagella? ________________________________________________________________ 8. Animallike protists that swim using flagella are classified in the phylum _______________________ 9. Sarcodines are ________________________ protists that use ___________________________ for feeding and movement. 9. What are the best known sarcodines? _______________________ 10. ______________________________ movement occurs when the cytoplasm of the cell streams into a pseudopod, and the rest of the cell follows. 11. Label the ameba A _____________________ B ______________________ C _____________________ 12. Organisms that use cilia for movement are classified into the phylum _________________________ 13. What are the two types of nuclei found on a paramecium? _________________________________ 14.In ciliates, cilia sweeps food particles into the ______________________________ 15.What is the function of the contractile vacuole? __________________________________________ 16. The expelling of excess water via the contractile vacuole is one of the ways a paramecium maintains ____________________________________________ . 17. ________________________________ allows a paramecium to exchange genetic material. 18.Members of the phylum _______________________ do not move on their own and are parasitic. 19. Name two diseases caused by animallike protists ___________________________________ ____________________________________ 20. Infection by giardia can cause severe ___________________________________ Unit: 4.3 Name: Section Title: Classifying Algae Latin Root Word: Review of Old Information: NONE New Information: Complete the notes in the spaces below. Algae Classification: • _______________ Phyla • Based on: 1. 2. 3. 4. Phylum Chlorophyta: • _______________ algae • _______________ species • Unicellular, colonial, or multicellular • _______________ AND terrestrial • Believed they gave rise to ______________ _______________. Phylum Phaeophyta: • _______________ algae • _______________ species • Mostly marine- ________________ and _______________ • Large, multicellular (Ex. _______________) • _____________________- gives it brown color Phylum Rhodophyta: • ______________ algae • 4,000 species • Mostly marine seaweeds; ________________ than brown algae • Colors vary b/c of different depths • _______________- inside cell walls; used in cosmetics, gel capsules, some cheese, and ________ Phylum Bacillariophyta: • “Diatoms” • _______________ ______________ for cell walls • 11,500 species • ______________ and _______________ • Important ______________ in food webs • Diatomaceous earth- Phylum Dinoflagellata: • “______________________________” • 1,100 species • Usually ____________________; mostly _____________________ • Most have two flagella of unequal length • Can produce ___________________________ and __________________________. Phylum Chrysophyta: • “____________________” algae; color from “carotenoids” • _______________ species • Most ______________ _______________ • Form “____________________” to survive in harsh environments • 2 flagella; ____________________ length • Important in formation of _______________ deposits Phylum Euglenophyta: • ____________________ algae called “euglenoids” • ____________________ species • Live in fresh water, soil, and animal digestive tracts • ______________________; highly ________________ • Lack _______________ ________________ Activity: Complete the questions in the spaces below 1) Algae are _____________________________-like organisms that make food by ________________________ (“autotrophic protists”). 2) What are the two reasons algae are NO LONGER classified