CAKE INDEX OF PLACE NAMES (Places are in Oxfordshire unless otherwise stated) & Abingdon, 62 Barton, Middle, 59-61 Oxford, 46, 62, 71 COCKHORSE Adderbury, 5, 35 Beverley (Yorks), 48 Pennsylvania (USA), 15 Ashton, Long (Wilts), 32CAKEBirmingham (Warws), 48 & Powys, 15 Astrop, Upper (Northants), 9 Bishop’s Castle (Salop), 48 Brackley (Northants), 33, 39, 42 Romney, New (Kent), 48 Banbury, 5-8, 14, 20-1, 30-51, 62-70 BANBURY HISTORICAL SOCIETY ANNUAL EDITION 2020 SOCIETY ANNUAL HISTORICAL BANBURY Broughton, 32 Calthorpe, 14 COCKHORSEBroughton Castle, 53-4, 70 Scarborough (Yorks), 19 Castle, 62 CAKE & Buckingham, 62-3 Shipston-on-Stour (Warws), 35 Castle Centre, 51 Burghley House (Lincs), 22 Shutford, 35 BANBURY Christ Church, 32, 42 HISTORICAL SOCIETYStockton (Co. Durham), 19 COCKHORSE Grimsbury, 20, 36, 44-5 Chacombe, 15 Stratford-upon-Avon (Warws), 48 Hardwick, 14 Chester, 19 Sulgrave (Northants), 26 The magazine of the Banbury Historical Society Inns, taverns etc.: Cropredy, 20 Swanton Morley (Norfolk), 32 Buck and Bell, 4 Annual Edition 2020 | Volume 22 Edgcote (Northants), 63 Red Lion, 41 Virginia (USA), 26 Ettington (Warws), 50 Three Swans, 5 Vyne, The (Hants), 22 Eynsford (Kent), 22 Unicorn, 20-1, 43 Eythorne (Kent), 29 Waddesdon (Bucks), 50 White Lion, 43 The Open Fields of Neithrop Deborah Hayter Waldershare Park (Kent), 25, 29 Neithrop, 5-14, 33, 36, 44, 46 Faversham (Kent), 48 Warwick, 62 Nethercote, 20 The Chinners of Chacombe George Hughes Windsor (Berks), 63 Streets: Hague, The (Netherlands), 16 Westrop (Northants), 1 Bath Road, 35 Hanover (Germany), 16 A Small-Town Politician: George Crosby of Banbury Alan Crosby Woodstock, 62-3 Bridge Street, 38 Hanwell, 10, 30, 62 Wroxton Abbey, 26 Hatfield (Herts), 32 Brian Little Remembered Barrie Trinder 35-6 Bridge Street, 49-50 Calthorpe Lane, 33, 35 Higham, Cold (Northants), 15 York, 19 Hong Kong, 46 Notes & Queries Church Lane, 33 Hull, 19 Original Sources for Local History Helen Forde Factory Street, 51 Fish Street (later George Street), 33-4 37, 47-8 Flint Axe From Middle Barton Christine Edbury Jamaica, 69-70 63-4 Fish Street, 34, 40-2, 47 King Henry VII’s Visits to Banbury Jeremy Gibson Juba (Odisha Province, India), 28 Snippets from the Archives Deborah Hayter Gatteridge Street, 33 George Street, see Fish Street The Great Sale at Broughton 1837 Barrie Trinder Kendal (Cumbria), 48 Green, The, 46 William Morris at All Saints Middleton Cheney Brian Goodey Kiddington, 60 High Street, 14, 31-2, 40, 47 Kineton (Warws), 30 85-7 High Street, 6 Book Reviews Horsefair, 46 Liverpool, 19, 48 20 Market Place Lullingstone Castle (Kent), 22 Jericho Walk, Led by David Clarke, 13 June 2019 Simon Townsend Parsons Street, 33 London, 16-28, 33, 46, 62, 64 Southam Road, 45 Quiz: How Well Do You Know Your Banburyshire? Paul Hayter Malvern (Worcs), 36 | Warwick Road, 33 Middleton Cheney (Northants), 15, 65-6 VOLUME 22 VOLUME West Street, 46 Mursley (Bucks), 8 Southam Road cemetery, 47 Front cover: Cover picture: Broughton Castle, showing the house, moat and gatehouse (photo, Chris Day) Town hall, 37-8 Newcastle-upon-Tyne, (19) Designed by Jen Stephens Wickham, 14 Newington, North, 32 Printed by Commark UK Northampton, 63 Annual Edition 2020 | Volume77 22 | ISSN 0522-0823 BHS 2020 COVER PRINT.indd 1 FINAL JS Cake & Cockhorse 2020.indd 77 10/05/202010/05/2020 16:51 19:21 BANBURY HISTORICAL SOCIETY The Banbury Historical Society was founded in 1957 to encourage interest in the history of the town of Banbury and neighbouring parts of Oxfordshire, Northamptonshire and Warwickshire. The magazine Cake and Cockhorse is issued to members annually. This includes illustrated articles based on original local historical research, as well as recording the Society’s activities. Over one hundred and fifty issues and five hundred articles have been published. All but the most recent volumes have been digitised and are available on the Society’s website (see inside front cover). Most back issues are also still available in their original form. There are now thirty-six volumes in the records series. Those still in print include: Banbury Baptism and Burial Registers, 1813-1838 (vol. 22). The earlier registers, Marriages 1558-1837, Baptisms and Burials 1558-1812, are now out-of- print, but are available on fiche and CD from Oxfordshire Family History Society, website at: www.ofhs.org.uk Oxfordshire and North Berkshire Protestation Returns and Tax Assessments 1641-1642 (vol. 24, still available from Oxfordshire Record Society). King’s Sutton Churchwardens’ Accounts 1636-1700, ed. Paul Hayter (vol. 27). The Banbury Chapbooks, by Dr Leo John De Freitas (vol. 28). Early Victorian Squarson: The Diaries of William Cotton Risley, Vicar of Deddington, Part One, 1835-1848, ed. Geoffrey Smedley-Stevenson (vol. 29). Part 2. Mid-Victorian Squarson, 1849-1869 (vol. 32). Victorian Banburyshire: Three Memoirs, ed. Barrie Trinder (vol. 33). Rusher’s ‘Banbury Trades and Occupations Directory’ 1832-1906 Alphabetical Digest and DVD facsimile) (vol. 34). Junctions at Banbury: a town and its railways since 1850, Barrie Trinder (vol. 35). Banbury’s People in the 18th Century: Accounts of the Overseers of the Poor, 1708-1797 and other records, Jeremy Gibson (vol. 36). Current prices and availability of other back volumes, and of Cake and Cockhorse, from the Society, c/o Banbury Museum. The Society is always interested to receive suggestions of records suitable for publication, backed by offers of help with transcription, editing and indexing. Meetings are held during the autumn and winter, normally at 7.30 p.m. on the second Thursday of each month, at Banbury Museum, Spiceball Park Road, Banbury. Talks are given by invited lecturers on general and local historical, archaeological and architectural subjects. Excursions are arranged in the spring and summer, and the A.G.M. is usually held at a local country house or significant location. The annual subscription (since 2017) is £15.00 for one member, £20 for two members living at the same address, includes any records volumes published. Overseas membership, £20.00. All members’ names and addresses are held on the Society’s computer database for subscription and The Banbury History Society is happy to record its gratitude to mailing purposes only. Please advise if you object to this practice. Spratt Endicott, Solicitors, for joining as a corporate sponsor. The Banbury History Society is happy to record its gratitude to Spratt Endicott, Solicitors, for joining as a corporate sponsor. BHS 2020 COVER PRINT.indd 2 10/05/2020 16:50 CAKE & COCKHORSE BANBURY HISTORICAL SOCIETY Annual Edition 2020 | Volume 22 | ISSN 0522-0823 FINAL JS Cake & Cockhorse 2020.indd 1 10/05/2020 19:20 BANBURY HISTORICAL SOCIETY Charity No. 260581 www.banburyhistoricalsociety.org President The Lord Saye and Sele Vice-President Dr. Barrie Trinder Chair Helen Forde: [email protected] Secretary Treasurer Simon Townsend Geoff Griffiths Banbury Museum 39 Waller Drive Spiceball Park Road, Banbury Banbury OX16 2PQ OX16 9NS 01295 236162 01295 263944 [email protected] [email protected] Membership Secretary Committee Members Margaret Little Brian Goodey c/o Banbury Museum Deborah Hayter [email protected] Clare Jakeman Rosemary Leadbetter Ian West Pamela Wilson Cake and Cockhorse Editorial Committee Editor: Chris Day, 37 Gaveston Gardens, Deddington OX15 0NX [email protected] Reviews Editor: Helen Forde [email protected] Deborah Hayter, Barrie Trinder Notes for Contributors We invite contributions on all aspects of the history and archaeology of Banbury and its surrounding region. Detailed contributors’ guidelines are available from the Editor. © 2020 Banbury Historical Society on behalf of its contributors. FINAL JS Cake & Cockhorse 2020.indd 2 10/05/2020 19:20 CONTENTS The Open Fields of Neithrop 5 Deborah Hayter The Chinners of Chacombe 15 George Hughes A Small-Town Politician: George Crosby of Banbury 30 Alan Crosby Brian Little Remembered 49 Barrie Trinder Notes & Queries Original Sources for Local History 55 Helen Forde Flint Axe From Middle Barton 59 Christine Edbury King Henry VII’s Visits to Banbury 62 Jeremy Gibson Snippets from the Archives 64 Deborah Hayter William Morris at All Saints Middleton Cheney 65 Brian Goodey Book Reviews 67 Jericho Walk, Led by David Clarke, 13 June 2019 71 Simon Townsend Banbury Historical Society Annual Report 2019-2020 72 Quiz: How Well Do You Know Your Banburyshire? 74 Paul Hayter Accounts 75 Banbury Historical Society Quiz Answers 76 Index 77 FINAL JS Cake & Cockhorse 2020.indd 3 10/05/2020 19:20 FINAL JS Cake & Cockhorse 2020.indd 4 10/05/2020 19:20 THE OPEN FIELDS OF NEITHROP, BANBURY, IN THE 17TH CENTURY Deborah Hayter On the 24 April 1675 Edward Vivers, a woollen draper of Banbury, paid £1000 to William Barber of Adderbury, Esquire, for some property and land in Banbury. The legal document describes what was being transferred: two messuages or tenements, which had been all one, known as the Three Swans, together with the adjoining tenement, with two ‘little closes of land’.1 There was farmland that went with these, amounting to two and half ‘yardlands’ in the open fields of Neithrop, containing ‘Greensword Ground’ (grass), arable (plough), meadow (grass cut for hay), and pasture (grazing). This land lay in 110 separate pieces, strips scattered right round the system. There were also ‘two long meadows’ in the parish of Banbury, about 16 acres, and two closes called ‘Dry Closes’, containing arable and grass land. These plots are placed in ‘the parish of Banbury’ rather than in the fields of Neithrop, so it seems they are enclosed and outside the open field system. The meadows are likely to be near the river Cherwell: meadow was a technical term, meaning grass that was grown and cut for hay. Figure 1. E.R.C. Brinkworth, Old Banbury (BHS 1958, 3rd impression 1973), p.