Volume: 2 Issue-11 November- 2015 Pages 80 ISSN 2394-1227 Indian Farmer A Monthly Magazine Volume: 2, Issue-11 November -2015 Sr. Editorial Board Full length Articles Page No. Sun Protective Clothing for Farm Workers 804-806 1 Editor In Chief Neeta Singh and Surabhi Singh Methods of Sexing of X And Y Chromosomes 2 807-812 Dr. V.B. Dongre, Ph.D. Avinash Singh,Pr anay Bharti and Sunil Kumar 3 Essentials In Clean Milk Production 813-816 Editor S. K. Joshi, L. K. Babu, S. Kanungo and S. Sathapathy 4 Package of Practices for Scientific Dairy Farming 817-823 Dr. A.R. Ahlawat, Ph.D. Abhey Singh Yadav and Sandeep Kumar Sangwan 5 Physical Characteristics of Indigenous Breeds of Cattle: An Over- 824-838 view Members Alok Kumar Yadav 6 Agrotextiles - An overview 839-842 Dr. Alka Singh, Ph.D. Neeta Singh Dr. K. L. Mathew, Ph.D. 7 Strategy of Amelioration of Heat Stress in Buffaloes 843-846 Dr. Mrs. Santosh, Ph.D. Rekha Yadav, Parveen Kumar, Naresh Kumar, Anjali Kumari and Dr. S. S. Patil, Ph.D. Narender Kumar 8 Myiasis: Diagnosis, Control and Therapeutic management 847-853 Snehil Gupta, Arjun Kasondra, Venkata Rami Reddy Balena, Subject Editors Ashutosh Fular, Sumit Sardana3, Manu Kurian Mathew, Ramadevi Pampana, Vijay Kumar Jwalagatti and Narender Agriculture Kumar Dr. R. S. Tomar, Ph.D 9 Farm Animal Waste Utilization For Bio-Gas Production 854-861 Himani Tewari, Rajashree Rath, Jagish Reen, Kalpana Tyagi, Alok K.Yadav and Ankita Rautela Veterinary Science Dr. P. SenthilKumar, Ph.D. 10 Vaccination Failure: Factors and Considerations 862-864 Adarsh Mishra Home Science 11 Micronutrients Fortification of Food 865-868 Akanksha Wadehra, Prasad Patil and Avinash Ghule Dr. Mrs. Surabhi Singh, Ph.D. 12 Management of Transition Period of Dairy Cows 869-871 Horticulture Meeti Punetha, Sanjay Singh Yadav, Pooja Joshi and Alok Kumar Yadav Dr. Timur Ahlawat, Ph.D 13 Heat Stress and Its Management in Farm Animals 872-874 Manoj Kumar, Poonam Ratwan, Nancy Sheoran and Mohsin A. Mir 14 Livestock Behavior and its Importance 875-879 Indu Devi, Shiwani Tiwari, Kuldeep Dudi and Ranjna Sinha 15 Role of Information and Communication Technology In Livestock 880-883 Sector: An Overview P. M.Gamit, S. S. Parikh, V. V. Gamit, G. B. Solanki and P. U. Gajbhiye (Note: ‘Indian Farmer’ may not necessarily subscribe to the views expressed in the articles published herein. The views are expressed by authors, editorial board does not take any responsibility of the content of the articles) Indian Farmer 2(11):804-806; November-2015 Singh and Singh Sun Protective Clothing for Farm Workers * Neeta Singh and Surabhi Singh** *Department of Clothing and Textiles and **Family Resource Management, ASPEE, College Of Home Science and Nutrition, S.D.A.U, S.K Nagar un protective clothing is clothing temperature) rises upto 40°C (104°F). A specifically designed for sun normal temperature is about 37°C S protection and is produced from a (98.6°F). At these temperatures, may fabric rated for its level of ultraviolet (UV) feel sick and develop headaches, sweat protection. A novel weave structure and excessively and feel faint. denier (related to thread count per inch) may produce sun protective properties. Farm workers are at high risk for heat and sun illnesses because they work for long hours outdoors during the hottest and sunniest time of the year. In fact, farm workers are 20 times more likely than the general workforce to die from working in the heat, and evidence suggests that undiagnosed heat-related illnesses among field workers are widespread. The 3. Heatstroke/sunstroke- Heatstroke consequences of this hidden health occurs when the core body problem include everything from temperature rises above 40°C (104°F). headaches and fatigue to painful cramping, It is potentially very serious. The cells kidney disease, decreased work in the body begin to break down, productivity, and increased on-the-job important bodily functions stop accidents. The sun damage done to every working, internal organs can fail (such exposed part of our body, continually as the brain) and, in extreme cases, adding risks of premature skin aging and death can occur. skin cancer. 4. Premature aging - Most visible signs Effects of overexposure of sunlight on of aging are the result of damage to the Health skin caused by exposure to sun. 1. Sunburn - Sunburn is a radiation burn 5. Eye damage - Acute effects of to the skin. The skin becomes red, hot exposure to UVR on the eye include and painful. photo keratitis (inflammation of the 2. Heat exhaustion- This occurs when the cornea and the iris) and photo temperature inside the body (the core conjunctivitis (inflammation of the 804 | P a g e Indian Farmer 2(11):804-806; November-2015 Singh and Singh membrane that lines the inside of the coverage of the skin most susceptible to UV eyelids and white of the eye). This is damage. Long sleeves, full collars, and full- commonly referred to as snow length trousers common styles for clothing blindness. as a sun protective measure. 6. Skin cancer- The most serious health effect of exposure to UVR is skin cancer. Cancer is a disease that occurs when the cells of the body are damaged, causing them to grow out of control. 7. Skin damage- Repeated exposure to too much sun over a number of years can cause damage to skin. The effects of sun damage include premature skin ageing and wrinkling, brown spots, non-cancerous (benign) warty growths on the skin (actinic keratoses), and skin cancer. SUN PROTECTIVE CLOTHING Clothing is our first line of defense against the sun’s harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays and protects us by absorbing or blocking much of this radiation. One of the most effective barriers between skin and the sun is clothing. The overall protection provided SUN PROTECTIVE ACCESSORIES by clothing depends both on the material 1. Sun protective hats from which it is made and the garment’s A sun protective hat is one that shades the design. A long-sleeved shirt covers more face, head, ears and neck. As with clothing, skin than a t-shirt, especially if it has a high the overall protection provided depends on neckline or collar that shields the back of the material from which the hat is made the neck. Likewise, long pants protect more together with the design skin than shorts. A wide-brimmed hat 2. Sunglasses protects more of the face than a baseball Sunglasses can provide excellent protection cap, and close-fitting wrap around for the eyes. The overall protection sunglasses protect more of the area around provided depends on the protective the eyes than small lenses. In addition to qualities of the lens together with the special fabrics, sun protective clothing may design of the sunglasses. also adhere to specific design parameters, including styling appropriate to full 805 | P a g e Indian Farmer 2(11):804-806; November-2015 Singh and Singh Factors that Determine Sun Protection Loosely woven fabrics provide less of Clothing protection than tightly woven fabrics. To All clothing disrupts UV radiation, even if see how tight the weave on a piece of only in small amounts. When determining a clothing is, hold it up to a light. If you can piece of clothing’s UPF, several factors are see light through it, the weave may be too taken into consideration. The same factors loose to be effective at blocking the sun’s can be used by anyone to determine if a rays. regular piece of clothing is efficient at 5. Weight blocking UV rays:- The heavier the fabric, the better it is at 1. Dyes blocking UV rays. Dark-colored clothing is better than lighter 6. Wetness shades, but the real blocking power comes Dry fabric provides more protection than from the type of dye used to color the wet fabric. Wetting a fabric reduces its fabric. The higher the concentration of effectiveness by as much as 50 percent. certain premium UV-blocking dyes, the CONCLUSION more rays they disrupt. 2. Fabric Sun protective clothing is clothing Fabrics that aren’t very effective at specifically designed for sun protection and blocking UV rays unless treated with an is produced from a fabric rated for its level added chemical include: of ultraviolet (UV) protection. Clothing is Cotton, Rayon our first line of defense against the sun’s Flax, Hemp harmful UV rays and protects us by Fabrics that are better at blocking the sun absorbing or blocking much of this include: radiation. A long-sleeved shirt covers more polyester skin than a t-shirt, especially if it has a high nylon neckline or collar that shields the back of the neck. Likewise, long pants protect more wool skin than shorts. A wide-brimmed hat Silk protects more of the face than a baseball 3. Stretch cap, and close-fitting wrap around Clothing that stretches may have less UV sunglasses protect more of the area around protection than clothing that doesn't the eyes than small lenses. In addition to stretch. special fabrics, sun protective clothing may 4. Treatments also adhere to specific design parameters, Clothing manufacturers may add chemicals including styling appropriate to full that absorb UV light to clothing during the coverage of the skin most susceptible to UV manufacturing process. Laundry additives, damage. Long sleeves, full collars, and full- such as “optical brightening agents” and length trousers common styles for clothing UV-disrupting compounds, can increase a as a sun protective measure. garment’s UPF rating. 4. Weave 806 | P a g e Indian Farmer 2(11):807-812; November-2015 Singh et al Methods of Sexing of X And Y Chromosomes Avinash Singh, 1Pranay Bharti2 and Sunil Kumar3 1-Ph.D.