MINISTRY OF PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORT FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF NEPAL FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF NEPAL DATA COLLECTION SURVEY ON URBAN TRANSPORT IN KATHMANDU VALLEY FINAL REPORT JULY 2019 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS GLOBAL CO., LTD. PADECO CO., LTD. NP JR 19-001 MINISTRY OF PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORT FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF NEPAL FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF NEPAL DATA COLLECTION SURVEY ON URBAN TRANSPORT IN KATHMANDU VALLEY FINAL REPORT JULY 2019 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS GLOBAL CO., LTD. PADECO CO., LTD. Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal Data Collection Survey on U rban Transport in Kathmandu Valley Project Area: Kathmandu Valley Topology of Kathmandu and Current Road Network Gongabu Kathmandu Tribhuvan Int’l Airport Bhaktapur Lalitpur (Patan) The location of Kathmandu Valley in Nepal Data Collection Survey on Urban Transport in Kathmandu Valley in Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal Final Report TABLE OF CONTENTS Location of Project Area Table of Contents List of Tables/List of Figures List of Abbreviations Summary Page Chapter 1 Background and Objectives of the Survey 1.1 Survey Background .................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 Survey Objectives ....................................................................................................................... 1-2 1.3 Survey Area ................................................................................................................................ 1-2 1.4 Schedule, Organization, Major Events during the Survey .......................................................... 1-3 1.4.1 Survey Schedule ............................................................................................................ 1-3 1.4.2 Survey Organization ...................................................................................................... 1-4 1.4.3 Major Events during the Survey .................................................................................... 1-5 1.5 Outline of the Report .................................................................................................................. 1-6 Chapter 2 Review of Existing Plans and Ongoing Development Projects 2.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 2-1 2.2 Existing Studies and Major Development Projects .................................................................... 2-1 2.2.1 Existing Studies and Superior Plans .............................................................................. 2-1 2.2.2 Development Projects by Sector .................................................................................... 2-4 2.3 Institutional Organization ......................................................................................................... 2-25 2.3.1 Public Sector ................................................................................................................ 2 - 2 5 2.3.2 Other Institutions in Transport Sector .......................................................................... 2-28 2.3.3 Private Sector ............................................................................................................... 2 - 3 0 2.3.4 Development Partners .................................................................................................. 2-34 2.3.5 Others (International Organization, Academic and Civil Organizations) .................... 2-35 Chapter 3 Challenges and Strategies 3.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 3-1 3.2 Development Challenges ............................................................................................................ 3-1 3.3 Strategies for the Kathmandu Valley .......................................................................................... 3 - 6 3.4 Macroscopic Transport Demand Analysis .................................................................................. 3-8 3.4.1 Necessity of the Rail Development and Weakness in the Network ............................... 3-8 3.4.2 Grade Separation Necessities ...................................................................................... 3-10 3.4.3 Necessity of Grade Separation at T-M junction ........................................................... 3-13 3.4.4 Summary ...................................................................................................................... 3 - 1 8 Chapter 4 Mid-Term Solution 4.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 4-1 4.2 Proposed Interventions for Mid-Term Project ............................................................................ 4-1 i Data Collection Survey on Urban Transport in Kathmandu Valley in Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal Final Report 4.3 Improvement Plan for the Intersections ...................................................................................... 4-2 4.3.1 Study of the New Baneshwor Intersection .................................................................... 4-2 4.3.2 Study in Tripureshwor - Thapathali - Maitighar (T-M) Intersections ............................ 4-5 4.4 Improvement of Koteshwor – Tinkune Intersection ................................................................. 4-17 4.4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 4 - 1 7 4.4.2 Current Status of Koteshwor – Tinkune Intersection ................................................... 4-17 4.4.3 Preliminary Study of Improvement Method ................................................................ 4-18 4.4.4 Preliminary Design on Highway/Intersection .............................................................. 4-22 4.4.5 Preliminary Design of Structure .................................................................................. 4-36 4.4.6 Comparison Results on the Alternatives ...................................................................... 4-42 4.5 Applicable Technologies ........................................................................................................... 4-44 4.5.1 Technologies by Nepali Contractor ............................................................................. 4-44 4.5.2 Advanced Technologies ............................................................................................... 4-46 4.6 Environmental and Social Issues .............................................................................................. 4 - 5 1 4.6.1 Overview of Social and Environmental Guidelines in Nepal ...................................... 4-51 4.6.2 Land Survey and Land Administration in Nepal ......................................................... 4-52 4.6.3 Nepal Road Standards and Right-of-Way .................................................................... 4-54 4.6.4 Land Acquisition .......................................................................................................... 4-57 4.6.5 Lack of Underground Property Rights and Other Regulations .................................... 4-58 4.6.6 Environmental Impact Assessment and Resettlement Action Plan .............................. 4-59 4.7 Traffic Analysis and Economic Impacts ................................................................................... 4-60 4.7.1 Influence of the Improvement and Scheme of the Traffic Analysis ............................ 4-60 4.7.2 Preliminary Economic Analysis .................................................................................. 4-62 4.8 Recommendations / Further Steps ............................................................................................ 4-72 4.8.1 Koteshwor-Tinkune Intersection Improvement ........................................................... 4-72 4.8.2 New Baneshwor Intersection Improvement ................................................................ 4-74 4.8.3 T-M Intersections Improvement .................................................................................. 4-74 Chapter 5 Short-Term Solution 5.1 Project Idea 1: Technical Assistance for Urban Road Specification and Intersection Improvement ............................................................................................................................... 5-1 5.1.1 Issues and Direction ....................................................................................................... 5-1 5.1.2 Proposal for Technical Assistance (TA) ......................................................................... 5-1 5.1.3 Pilot Project Implementation ......................................................................................... 5-3 5.2 Project Idea 2: SDG Business for Electric Tricycles ................................................................ 5-12 5.2.1 Background .................................................................................................................. 5-12 5.2.2 SDGs Business Proposal .............................................................................................. 5-13 5.3 Project Idea 3: Potential Assistance for the Public Transport Fare Collection and Fare Structure Consultation