Faculty of Maritime Studies in Rijeka UNIVERSITY OF RIJEKA Faculty of Maritime Studies in Rijeka Maritime study LNG FSRU Krk Rijeka, 2017 Faculty of Maritime Studies in Rijeka Name MARITIME STUDY – LNG FSRU KRK Client: EKONERG - Energy and Environmental Protection Institute d.o.o. Koranska 5, 10000 Zagreb Hrvatska Contractor: Faculty of Maritime Studies in Rijeka University of Rijeka Studentska 2, 51000, Rijeka Hrvatska Project Manager: Damir Zec, Ph. D. Authors: Vlado Frančić, Ph. D. Josip Orović, Ph. D. Lovro Maglić, Ph. D. Donatan Balog, Cap. Leo Giačić, Cap.. Mario Vukelić, mag. ing. Faculty of Maritime Studies in Rijeka Table of Contents: 1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................................... 1 2 NAVIGATIONAL FEATURES OF THE NAVIGABLE AREA ..................................................................................... 4 2.1 WATERWAY ................................................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 ORIENTATION POINTS AND LANDMARKS ON THE WATERWAY .............................................................................. 5 2.3 NAVIGATION AND COMMUNICATION COVERAGE ................................................................................................. 7 2.4 SEA TRAFFIC .................................................................................................................................................. 9 2.5 MARITIME SAFETY ........................................................................................................................................ 17 3 METEOROLOGICAL AND OCEANOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF THE NAVIGATIONAL AREA ............................ 28 3.1 WIND........................................................................................................................................................... 28 3.2 WAVES ........................................................................................................................................................ 33 3.3 CURRENTS .................................................................................................................................................. 36 3.4 TIDES .......................................................................................................................................................... 36 3.5 VISIBILITY .................................................................................................................................................... 38 4 TECHNICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SHIPS USED FOR TRANSPORT OF LNG ...... 41 4.1 BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF LNG CARRIERS ................................................................................................. 41 4.2 LNG CARRIERS SAFETY REGULATIONS .......................................................................................................... 53 4.3 LOADING SYSTEMS ....................................................................................................................................... 55 5 TECHNICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LNG TERMINALS ............................................. 57 5.1 TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES ON THE LNG FSRU TERMINAL ......................................................................... 57 5.2 TECHNICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FSRU TERMINAL IN OMIŠALJ ............................... 66 6 CONDITIONS AND WAY OF MANOEUVRING AN LNG CARRIER ....................................................................... 73 6.1 EVALUATION OF EXTERNAL FORCES AND DINAMICS OF REFERENT SHIPS .......................................................... 73 6.2 ANNOUNCEMENT AND ACCEPTANCE OF THE SHIP ............................................................................................ 80 6.3 MANOEUVRE OF BERTHING AND MOORING OF THE SHIP ................................... 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BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 6.4 MANOEUVRE OF UNMOORING AND LEAVING BERTH ......................................................................................... 90 7 PLAN OF MOORING AN LNG CARRIER ................................................................................................................ 95 7.1 ACCESS TO THE SHIP .................................................................................................................................... 95 7.2 MOORING SYSTEM ...................................................................................................................................... 101 Faculty of Maritime Studies in Rijeka 8 MEASURES OF MARITIME SAFETY OF LNG CARRIERS DURING THEIR STAY AT THE BERTH ................. 110 9 SAFETY MEASURES AND ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION WITH PROCEEDINGS IN CASE OF DANGER OR MARITIME ACCIDENTS................................................................................................................................... 115 9.1 ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS ................................................................................................................. 116 9.2 LIQUEFIED GAS LEAKS ................................................................................................................................ 117 9.3 FIRE OR EXPLOSION ................................................................................................................................... 119 9.4 COLLISION WITH ANOTHER SHIP OR VESSEL ................................................................................................. 121 9.5 SPILLING OF A LARGE AMOUNT OF OIL, OILY WATER OR OTHER PROHIBITED SUBSTANCES INTO THE SEA ........... 122 9.6 OTHER ACCIDENTS ..................................................................................................................................... 124 10 CONCLUSION......................................................................................................................................................... 127 Faculty of Maritime Studies in Rijeka 1 INTRODUCTION This study has been made on the basis of a contract between EKONERG, d.o.o. as the client and the Maritime Faculty of Rijeka University as the contractor. The subject matter is the making of a maritime study for the Krk LNG FSRU terminal within the Open procurement process for ''Services of preparation of the design and permitting documentation for the construction of the Krk LNG terminal and consulting services relating to obtaining of all necessary permits and approvals: FEED preparation and main design preparation for Krk LNG FSRU terminal and obtaining of construction permit and LNG FSRU terminal power supply system documentation.''1 The aim of this study is to propose a sea traffic and navigation solution and measures of maritime safety for the area of the future LNG FSRU terminal on the island of Krk with regard to the respective regulations, i.e. provisions of the contract. The conclusions of this study, i.e. their implementation by persons authorised to do so, shall ensure the carrying out of access, stay and departure of referent LNG carriers and other ships in the specified area in a safe way, i.e. a way in which a satisfactory level of sea and marine life safety is secured. The study is based on existing legal regulations of the Republic of Croatia and in this respect, it is based on the following assumptions: characteristics of considered ships comply with the requirements set forth by the provisions of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 (SOLAS 74), the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships 1973/78 (MARPOL 73/78), the International Convention on Load Lines, 1966 (LOADLINE 1966), the International Convention on Tonnage Measurements of Ships, 1969 (TONNAGE 1969), as amended, or as required by the relevant and applicable technical rules of the Croatian Register of Shipping; the FSRU meets all requirements that a ship in international navigation must meet, i.e. those that have been specified by the SOLAS Convention and other international conventions accepted within the International Maritime Organisation and ratified by the Republic of Croatia; additionally, the FSRU meets all requirements, especially those related to structural safety, prescribed by the flag state as well as technical requirements prescribed by the authorised recognised organisation (RO) and the authorised recognised security organisation (RSO); in this sense, it is presumed that the recognised organisation is a member of the IACS or the Croatian Register of Shipping; characteristics of ships used for transport of liquefied gas meet the requirements prescribed by The International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk (IGC Code), as amended; characteristics of ships that are not subject to international conventions and characteristics of yachts and boats comply with requirements prescribed by the authorised administration of the respective flag states; 1 Floating Storage and Regasification Unit - FSRU. In the remaining text, the standard English abbreviation for a unit used in importing LNG and its re-gasification, will be used. The term terminal, in this study, only applies to land facilities, their infrastructure and equipment. The term floating terminal is deemed as technically and legally inaccurate and will therefore not be used. Maritima studija - LNG Terminal v.15 ENG 1 Faculty of Maritime Studies in Rijeka the