Data Collection Survey for Higher Education Sector in the Philippines Final Report May 2015 Japan International Cooperation Agency Nomura Research Institute, Ltd. HM JR 15-062 Contents Executive Summary .................................................................................................................. 1 1. Background and objectives ................................................................................................ 9 1.1. Background ................................................................................................................ 9 1.2. Objectives .................................................................................................................. 9 1.3. Scope of the Survey .................................................................................................. 10 1.4. Counterpart Agency ................................................................................................. 10 2. Overview of higher education sector ................................................................................ 11 2.1. Education System of the Philippines ......................................................................... 11 2.1.1. School Education System .................................................................................. 11 2.1.2. Types of Higher Education Institutions.............................................................. 12 2.2. Number of Higher Education Institutions and Enrolment .......................................... 13 2.2.1. Number of HEIs ................................................................................................ 13 2.2.2. Number of enrollments ..................................................................................... 15 2.3 Quality of Higher Education ..................................................................................... 19 2.3.1. Number of faculty and ratio to students ............................................................. 19 2.3.2. Qualification and development of faculty .......................................................... 21 2.3.3. Licenses applied to seven disciplines ................................................................. 24 2.3.4. International reputation of universities and colleges in the Philippines ............... 26 2.4. Research and Development ...................................................................................... 27 2.4.1. Expenditure on R&D ........................................................................................ 28 2.4.2. Financial source of R&D ................................................................................... 30 2.4.3. Major Programs of R&D offered by the Government ........................................ 31 2.4.4. Procedure of CHED Grants-in-Aid for R&D ..................................................... 37 2.4.5 Procurement of equipment and facility .............................................................. 38 2.5. Administration of Higher Education ......................................................................... 39 2.5.1. Government Agencies and Institutions .............................................................. 39 2.5.2. Organizational structure of Commission on Higher Education (CHED) ............. 40 2.5.3. Program Implementation ................................................................................... 41 2.5.4. Initiatives and plans of CHED in collaboration with other stakeholders ............. 42 2.6. Budget of Higher Education sector ........................................................................... 43 2.6.1. Government expenditure on higher education .................................................... 43 2.6.2. Budget of CHED ............................................................................................... 44 2.6.3. Budget of SUCs ................................................................................................ 49 2.7. Policy on Higher Education ...................................................................................... 52 2.7.1. Strategic plan and Higher Education reform agenda ......................................... 53 i 2.7.2. Higher Education Reform Agenda (HERA) ....................................................... 54 2.7.3. Other Programs and Projects ............................................................................. 59 2.7.4. Implementation of K-12 .................................................................................... 59 2.8. Analytical Summary ................................................................................................. 61 3. Perception and Needs on Higher Education from Industry ............................................... 63 3.1. Overview ................................................................................................................. 63 3.2. Civil Engineering ..................................................................................................... 64 3.2.1. Overview of the industry sector ......................................................................... 64 3.2.2. Needs of related industry players for graduates .................................................. 66 3.3. Mining/geological engineering ................................................................................. 68 3.3.1. Overview of the industry sector ......................................................................... 68 3.3.2. Needs of related industry players for graduates .................................................. 69 3.4. Manufacturing-related disciplines ............................................................................. 70 3.4.1. Overview of the industry sector ......................................................................... 70 3.4.2. Needs of related industry players for graduates .................................................. 72 3.5. Renewable energy .................................................................................................... 75 3.5.1. Overview of the industry sector ......................................................................... 75 3.5.2. Needs of related industry players for graduates .................................................. 75 3.6. Biotechnology .......................................................................................................... 77 3.6.1. Overview of the industry sector ......................................................................... 77 3.6.2. Needs of related industry players for graduates .................................................. 78 3.7. Agriculture / Agribusiness ........................................................................................ 80 3.7.1. Overview of the industry sector ............................................................................. 80 3.7.2 Needs for higher education competency in the industry ........................................... 82 3.8. Fisheries/Aquaculture ............................................................................................... 83 3.8.1. Overview of the industry sector ......................................................................... 83 3.8.2. Needs of related industry players for graduates .................................................. 84 3.9. Needs from Governmental Agencies......................................................................... 86 3.10. Analytical summary ................................................................................................. 86 4. SUCs: Findings from questionnaire and interviews .......................................................... 89 4.1. Outline of questionnaire and interview survey .......................................................... 89 4.1.1. Questionnaire Survey ........................................................................................ 89 4.1.2. Interview Survey ............................................................................................... 89 4.1.3. Participating SUCs ............................................................................................ 89 4.2. Current issues and needs of SUCs ............................................................................. 91 4.2.1. Faculty .............................................................................................................. 91 4.2.2. Facilities and Equipment ................................................................................... 93 ii 4.2.3. Curriculum development ................................................................................... 94 4.2.4. Linkage with overseas universities .................................................................... 94 4.2.5 Linkages with industry and issues ..................................................................... 95 4.3. Analytical Summary ................................................................................................. 97 4.4 Findings of 2nd survey-study of selected SUCs .......................................................... 99 4.4.1 Overview of the 2nd field survey ........................................................................ 99 4.4.2. Research items .................................................................................................. 99 4.4.3. Respondent SUCs ............................................................................................. 99 4.4.4. Method ..........................................................................................................