YONAS AND YAVANAS IN INDIAN LITERATURE YONAS AND YAVANAS IN INDIAN LITERATURE KLAUS KARTTUNEN Studia Orientalia 116 YONAS AND YAVANAS IN INDIAN LITERATURE KLAUS KARTTUNEN Helsinki 2015 Yonas and Yavanas in Indian Literature Klaus Karttunen Studia Orientalia, vol. 116 Copyright © 2015 by the Finnish Oriental Society Editor Lotta Aunio Co-Editor Sari Nieminen Advisory Editorial Board Axel Fleisch (African Studies) Jaakko Hämeen-Anttila (Arabic and Islamic Studies) Tapani Harviainen (Semitic Studies) Arvi Hurskainen (African Studies) Juha Janhunen (Altaic and East Asian Studies) Hannu Juusola (Middle Eastern and Semitic Studies) Klaus Karttunen (South Asian Studies) Kaj Öhrnberg (Arabic and Islamic Studies) Heikki Palva (Arabic Linguistics) Asko Parpola (South Asian Studies) Simo Parpola (Assyriology) Rein Raud (Japanese Studies) Saana Svärd (Assyriology) Jaana Toivari-Viitala (Egyptology) Typesetting Lotta Aunio ISSN 0039-3282 ISBN 978-951-9380-88-9 Juvenes Print – Suomen Yliopistopaino Oy Tampere 2015 CONTENTS PREFACE .......................................................................................................... XV PART I: REFERENCES IN TEXTS A. EPIC AND CLASSICAL SANSKRIT ..................................................................... 3 1. Epics ....................................................................................................................3 Mahābhārata .........................................................................................................3 Rāmāyaṇa ............................................................................................................25 Harivaṁśa ...........................................................................................................27 2. Grammar .......................................................................................................... 42 Pāṇini, Kātyāyana and Patañjali .........................................................................42 Other Works .......................................................................................................44 Jayāditya & Vāmana: Kāśikāvṛtti ...................................................................44 Pāṇini: Gaṇapāṭha ...........................................................................................45 Candragomin: Cāndravyākaraṇa ....................................................................45 Śākaṭāyana: Śākaṭāyanavyākaraṇa ...................................................................46 Varadarāja: Laghukaumudī .............................................................................46 Ujjvaladatta: Commentary on the Uṇādisūtras .............................................47 Vopadeva: Mugdhabodha ...............................................................................47 3. Lexicography .................................................................................................... 48 Amarakośa ...........................................................................................................48 Rājanighaṇṭu — Dhanvantarinighaṇṭu ...............................................................49 Other Works ....................................................................................................... 53 Hemacandra: Abhidhānacintāmaṇi ................................................................ 53 Yādavaprakāśa: Vaijayantī ..............................................................................54 Toḍaramalla: Toḍarānanda ..............................................................................54 vi Soḍhala: Soḍhalanighaṇṭu ............................................................................... 55 Harṣakīrti: Śāradīyākhyanāmamālā ................................................................ 57 Puruṣottamadeva: Trikāṇḍaśeṣa ..................................................................... 57 Śivadattamiśra: Śivakoṣa ................................................................................. 57 Medinikara: Nānārthaśabdakośa or Medinīkośa ...........................................58 4. Dharmaśāstra ....................................................................................................59 Gautamadharmasūtra ..........................................................................................59 Mānavadharmaśāstra ..........................................................................................59 Atrismṛti (Ātreyadharmaśāstra) ......................................................................... 60 Nāgojībhaṭṭa: Prāyaścittenduśekhara (Prāyaścittatattva) ...................................61 Jātimālā ................................................................................................................61 5. Artha- and Nītiśāstra, Kāmaśāstra....................................................................63 Kauṭalīyārthaśāstra ..............................................................................................63 [Kāmandakīyanītisāra] ........................................................................................64 Śukranīti ..............................................................................................................64 Someśvara: Mānasollāsa .....................................................................................65 Vātsyāyana: Kāmasūtra ......................................................................................66 6. Kāvya ................................................................................................................ 68 Kālidāsa: Raghuvaṁśa ........................................................................................68 Bāṇabhaṭṭa: Harṣacarita ......................................................................................69 Daṇḍin: Daśakumāracarita ................................................................................. 71 Daṇḍin: Avantisundarīkathā .............................................................................. 75 Kṣemendra: Daśāvatāracarita ............................................................................. 75 Māgha: Śiśupālavadha ........................................................................................ 75 [Subandhu: Vāsavadatta].....................................................................................76 [Śrīharṣa: Naiṣadhacarita] ...................................................................................76 Vāsudeva: Śaurikathodaya .................................................................................. 77 Ananta: Vīracarita ...............................................................................................78 Gaṅgādevī: Madhurāvijaya .................................................................................79 Jonarāja’s Commentary on Jayānaka’s Pṛthvīrājavijaya .....................................79 Śaṅkaracetovilāsa ............................................................................................... 80 vii Subhāṣita ............................................................................................................ 80 Cāṇakyanīti ........................................................................................................ 80 Vidyākara: Subhāṣitaratnakośa ........................................................................... 81 7. Dramas ..............................................................................................................82 Kālidāsa: Mālavikāgnimitra ................................................................................82 Kālidāsa: Śakuntalā .............................................................................................83 Kālidāsa: Vikramorvaśīya ...................................................................................84 Viśākhadatta: Mudrārākṣasa ..............................................................................85 Śyāmilaka: Pādatāḍitaka .....................................................................................85 Prabhākara: Yavanīpariṇaya ...............................................................................87 8. Narrative and Historical Literature .................................................................88 Kathā ...................................................................................................................88 Budhasvāmin: Bṛhatkathāślokasaṁgraha .......................................................88 Kṣemendra: Bṛhatkathāmañjarī ......................................................................93 [Somadeva: Kathāsaritsāgara] .........................................................................94 Śivadāsa: Kathārṇava .......................................................................................94 History ................................................................................................................95 Kalhaṇa: Rājataraṅginī ....................................................................................95 Jonarāja: Rājataraṅginī ....................................................................................96 Śrīvara: Rājataraṅginī ......................................................................................96 Nīlamatapurāṇa ...............................................................................................97 The Vaṁśāvalīs of Orissa................................................................................97 9. Tantra and other Religious Literature .......................................................... 100 Māyātantra