Italy - State of the art of country and local situation Table of contents 1. Geothermal resources .......................................................................................................................................4 Geothermal potential ...................................................................................................................................4 Low-enthalpy geothermal potential ............................................................................................................5 Low-enthalpy geothermal reserves .............................................................................................................5 Location of geothermal reserves .................................................................................................................6 Hidrogeological considerations (lithology) .................................................................................................6 2. Geothermal exploitation installations ..............................................................................................................8 Locations of exploitation places ..................................................................................................................8 3. Hybrid geothermal installations .......................................................................................................................9 4. Case study ........................................................................................................................................................10 Geographical overview of the region ........................................................................................................10 Characteristics of the relief ....................................................................................................................10 Climate ....................................................................................................................................................11 Temperature ...........................................................................................................................................11 Solar radiation ........................................................................................................................................12 Hydrography ...........................................................................................................................................13 Vegetation ...............................................................................................................................................14 Pedology..................................................................................................................................................15 Geology ...................................................................................................................................................16 Landuse ..................................................................................................................................................17 Territorial administrative units ..............................................................................................................17 Economy .................................................................................................................................................18 Technology ..................................................................................................................................................19 Power plant description (Flash steam plants, Dry steam plants, Binary plants) .................................19 Biomass energy ...........................................................................................................................................19 Biomass potential distribution ...............................................................................................................19 Biomass sources .....................................................................................................................................20 Biomass installations and their characteristic parameters ...................................................................21 Biomass production thermal/electrical ..................................................................................................22 Energetic technical potential (TJ/year) per source of biomass ............................................................22 Calorific power (Kcal/mc) ......................................................................................................................23 Uses .........................................................................................................................................................23 Biogas energy ..............................................................................................................................................24 Biogas installations and their characteristic parameters .....................................................................24 Uses .........................................................................................................................................................25 5. References ........................................................................................................................................................26 List of figures Figure 1: Snapshot of the WebGIS with data from BNDG. .................................................................................................. 4 Figure 2: Snapshot of the WebGIS. Map displaying heat flow data on the right and temperatures at different depths on the left. .............................................................................................................................................................................. 5 Figure 3: Snapshot of the geothermal map for the Veneto region (North-East Italy) ......................................................... 6 Figure 4: Snapshot of the WebGIS displaying wells (red triangles) and springs (blue circles). ............................................ 6 Figure 5: Snapshot of the hydrogeological map from the WebGIS link. ............................................................................. 7 Figure 6. Location of exploration permissions, power plant approvals and other concessions. ......................................... 8 Figure 7: Map of the rivers (blue) within the province of Padua. ..................................................................................... 14 Figure 8: Extract of hydrographic map of the area in which is situated the case study. ................................................... 14 Figure 9: Snapshot of the pedological map of the province of Padua............................................................................... 15 Figure 10: Typical cross section of the Euganean Hills. ..................................................................................................... 16 Figure 11: Extract of hydrogeological scheme and cross section of Acquapendente area ................................................ 16 Figure 12: Land use map for Galzignano Terme. .............................................................................................................. 17 Figure 13: Extract of the Map from CORINE Land Cover about Land use around Acquapendente. ................................... 17 Figure 14: Map of the different economic activities within the municipality. .................................................................. 18 Figure 15: Potential biomass from agricultural production for the different municipalities in the province of Padua. ..... 20 Figure 16: Map with the diffusion of biomass installations in italian municipalities (taken from Legambiente 2012). ..... 21 Figure 17: Distribution of biogas installations in 2008 within the province of Padua (from Probiogas project). ............... 24 List of tables Table 1: Coordinates of the two municipalities. ............................................................................................................... 10 Table 2: Mean monthly temperatures ............................................................................................................................. 12 Table 3: Mean monthly temperatures Acquapendente ................................................................................................... 12 Table 4: Average Monthly precipitations for the Municipality of Acquapendente ........................................................... 12 Table 5: Montly means of daily irradiation (MJ/m2/day) ................................................................................................ 12 Table 6: Monthly average daily Solar radiation (MJ/m2day) for Acquapendente ............................................................ 13 Table 7: Number of productive activities in the Province of Viterbo by category (2005). ................................................. 18 Table 8: Potential of biomass available in the Province of Viterbo. ................................................................................. 20 Table 9: Biomass installations and their characteristics. .................................................................................................. 21 Table 10: Energetic technical potential for the Veneto region (adapted from Motola et al. 2009). .................................