TECHNOLOGY PUBLIC REVIEW FEASIBILITY STUDY REPORT VOLUME I CONTRACT NO. X-312 A. O. POLYMER SITE SUSSEX COUNTY, NEW JERSEY PREPARED FOR: STATE OF NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DIVISION OF HAZARDOUS SITE MITIGATION TRENTON, NEW JERSEY APRIL, 1991 Rob'nson Plaza II. Suite 2OO, Pittsburgh, PA 152Q5 2] 7SB-32OC PUBLIC REVIEW FEASIBILITY STUDY REPORT VOLUME I CONTRACT NO. X-312 A. O. POLYMER SITE SUSSEX COUNTY, NEW JERSEY PREPARED FOR: STATE OF NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DIVISION OF HAZARDOUS SITE MITIGATION TRENTON, NEW JERSEY APRIL, 1991 PREPARED BY: ICF TECHNOLOGY INCORPORATED Robinson Plaza II, Suite 200 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15205 O O o vo TABLE OF CONTENTS A.O. POLYMER SITE FEASIBILITY STUDY VOLUME I Page No. 1.0 INTRODUCTION ....................... 1-1 1.1 Purpose and Organization of Report ......... 1-1 1.2 Site Background Information ............. 1-2 1.2.1 Site Description .............. 1-2 1.2.2 Site History ................ 1-7 1.2.3 Environmental Setting ............ 1-8 1.3 Nature and Extent of Contamination ......... 1-13 1.3.1 Source ................... 1-13 1.3.2 Soil .................... 1-13 1.3.3 Groundwater ................. 1-15 1.3.4 Potable Wells ................ 1-22 1.3.5 Surface Water ................. 1-22 1.3.6 Sediment .................. 1-23 1.4 Baseline Risk Assessment .............. 1-24 1.4.1 Human Health Assessment ........... 1-24 1.4.2 Environmental Assessment .......... 1-28 2.0 REMEDIAL ACTION OBJECTIVES ................ 2-1 2.1 Exposure Pathways, Media and Contaminants to be Addressed ................... 2-1 2.2 Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirements (ARARs) ................ 2-3 2.2.1 Consideration of ARARs ........... 2-3 2.2.2 Potentially Applicable ARARs ........ 2-5 2.2.3 Remediation Goals .............. 2-11 2.3 Remedial Action Objectives ............. 2-11 2.3.1 Source Control Objectives .......... 2-20 2.3.2 Management of Migration Objectives ..... 2-20 3.0 IDENTIFICATION AND SCREENING OF REMEDIAL TECHNOLOGIES ... 3-1 3.1 General Response Actions .............. 3-1 3.1.1 No Action with Institutional Controls ..... 3-1 3.1.2 Containment .................. 3-2 3.1.3 Removal .................... 3-2 3.1.4 Treatment ................... 3-2 3.1.5 Disposal ................... 3-2 3.2 Remedial Technology Screening ............ 3-2 3.3 Identification and Screening of Groundwater Remedial Technologies ................ 3-4 3.3.1 Minimal Action Technologies - Groundwater . 3-6 > 3.3.2 Containment Technologies - Groundwater . 3-7 t? 3.3.3 Removal Technologies - Groundwater ..... 3-8 3.3.4 Treatment Technologies - Groundwater .... 3-9 § 3.3.5 Disposal/Discharge Technologies - Groundwater 3-19 •- 3 VO *> u> AOP-35-H j TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page No. 3.4 Identification and Screening of Soil Remedial Technologies ................ 3-23 3.4.1 Minimal Action Technologies - Soil ..... 3-24 3.4.2 Containment Technologies - Soil ....... 3-27 3.4.3 Removal Technologies - Soil ......... 3-29 3.4.4 Treatment Technologies - Soil ........ 3-30 3.4.5 Disposal Technologies - Soil ........ 3-38 3.5 Summary of Remedial Technology Screening ...... 3-40 4.0 DEVELOPMENT AND SCREENING OF REMEDIAL ALTERNATIVES .... 4-1 4.1 Alternative Development and Evaluation Criteria ... 4-1 4.1.1 Alternative Development Criteria ...... 4-2 4.1.2 Alternative Evaluation Criteria ....... 4-2 4.2 Source Control (Soil) Remedial Alternatives ..... 4-3 4.2.1 SC-1: No Action .............. 4-5 4.2.2 SC-2: Capping ............... 4-6 4.2.3 SC-3: Soil Flushing ............ 4-9 4.2.4 SC-4: Soil Vapor Extraction ........ 4-17 4.2.5 SC-5: Soil Vapor Extraction and Soil Flushing ............... 4-21 4.2.6 SC-6: Excavation and Low Temperature Thermal Desorptlon .......... 4-23 4.2.7 SC-7: Excavation and Off site Landfill . 4-28 4.2.8 Summary of Source Control Alternative Screening ............ 4-29 4.3 Management of Migration (Groundwater) Remedial Alternatives ................ 4-29 4.3.1 MM-1: No Action with Institutional Controls ............... 4-31 4.3.2 MM-2: Extraction and Treatment: Biological /Air Stripping/ Carbon Adsorption .......... 4-32 4.3.3 MM-3: Extraction and Treatment: Steam Stripping/Carbon Adsorption ..... 4-41 4.3.4 NM-4: Extraction and Treatment: PACT . 4-45 4.3.5 MM- 5: Extraction and Treatment: UV Oxidation ............. 4-47 4.3.6 Summary of Management of Migration Alternative Screening ............ 4-50 4.4 Extraction System Alternatives ........... 4-50 4.4.1 Option A .................. 4-51 4.4.2 Option B .................. 4-54 4.4.3 Natural Attenuation ............. 4-54 4.4.4 Natural Soil Flushing ............ 4-56 o o o 10 AOP-35-H 11 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Pace No. 5.0 DETAILED EVALUATION OF REMEDIAL ALTERNATIVES 5.1 Overview of Evaluation Criteria ........... 5-1 5.1.1 Threshold Criteria .............. 5-1 5.1.2 Primary Balancing Criteria .......... 5-2 5.1.3 Modifying Criteria .............. 5-2 5.2 Description of Evaluation Criteria ......... 5-2 5.2.1 Overall Protection of Human Health and Environment ............... 5-2 5.2.2 Compliance with ARARs ............ 5-2 5.2.3 Short Term Effectiveness .......... 5-3 5.2.4 Long Term Effectiveness ........... 5-4 5.2.5 Reduction of Toxicity, Mobility or Volume . 5-4 5.2.6 Implementability .............. 5-5 5.2.7 Cost .................... 5-5 5.2.8 State Acceptance ......."....... 5-8 5.2.9 Community Acceptance ............ 5-8 5.3 Detailed Evaluation of Source Control Alternatives . 5-8 5.3.1 SC-1: No Action .............. 5-8 5.3.2 SC-2: Capping ............... 5-10 5.3.3 SC-3: Soil Flushing ............ 5-13 5.3.4 SC-4: Soil Vapor Extraction ........ 5-17 5.3.5 SC-5: Soil Vapor Extraction and Soil Flushing ............ 5-21 5.3.6 SC-6: Excavation and Low Temperature .... Thermal Desorption .......... 5-25 5.3.7 Summary of Source Control Alternative Costs . 5-32 5.4 Detailed Evaluation of Management of Migration Alternatives ............... 5-32 5.4.1 MM-1: No Action .............. 5-32 5.4.2 MM-2: Extraction Treat - Biological/ A1r Stripping/Carbon Adsorption . 5-36 5.4.3 MM-4: Extract and Treat - Powdered Activated Carbon Treatment (PACT) . 5-40 5.4.4 MM-5: Extract and Treat - UV Oxidation . 5-47 5.4.5 Summary of Management of Migration Alternative Costs .............. 5-54 5.5 Comparison Among Alternatives ............ 5-54 5.5.1 Source Control Alternatives ......... 5-54 5.5.2 Management of Migration Alternatives .... 5-62 5.6 Site Remediation Alternatives ............ 5-63 o TJ O O o •£> (J\ AOP-35-H 111 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) LIST OF TABLES Tables Page No. 1-1 Above-Ground Storage Tank Information 1-6 1-2 Organic Chemical Sunmary for Surface and Subsurface Soil Samples 1-16 1-3 Summary of Inorganic Substances In Groundwater Samples 1-18 1-4 Organic Chemical Summary for Monitoring Well Samples 1-20 1-5 Summary of Chemicals of Potential Concern 1-25 2-1 Base Line Risks for Exposure Pathways 2-2 2-2 Potential Chemical - Specific ARARs 2-6 2-3 Organic Chemical Summary and ARARs for Groundwater 2-8 2-4 Potential Location - Specific ARARs . 2-9 2-5 Potential Action - Specific ARARs 2-12 2-6 Soil Remediation Goals 2-19 3-1 Identification of Potential Groundwater Remediation Technologies 3-5 3-2 Identification of Potential Soil Remediation Technologies 3-25 4-1 Chemical Properties of Selected Soil Contaminants 4-15 4-2 Chemical Properties of Selected Groundwater Contaminants 4-39 5-1 Cost Estimate Summary - SC-1 5-11 5-2 Cost Estimate Summary - SC-2 5-14 5-3 Cost Estimate Summary - SC-3 5-18 5-4 Cost Estimate Summary - SC-4 5-22 5-5 Cost Estimate Summary - SC-5 5-26 5-6 Cost Estimate Summary - SC-6 5-30 5-7 Cost Estimate Summary - Source Control Alternatives 5-33 5-8 Cost Estimate Summary - MM-1 5-37 5-9 Cost Estimate Summary - MM-2 5-41 5-10 Cost EstlMte Summary - MM-4 5-48 5-11 Cost EstlMte Summary - MM- 5 5-55 5-12 Cost EstlMte Summary - Management of Migration Alternative 5-59 5-13 Present North Cost Summary - 5X Discount 5-65 5-14 Present Worth Cost Summary - 10X Discount 5-66 o o AOP-35-H 1V TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) LIST OF FIGURES Figures Page No. 1-1 Site Location 1-3 1-2 Study Area 1-4 1-3 Site Layout 1-5 1-4 Geologic Cross-Sections 1-9 1-5 Shallow Piezometric Contour Hap 1-12 1-6 TCE Isoconcentration Contour Hap 1-14 1-7 1-17 3-1 Groundwater Technology Screening 3-41 3-2 Soil Technology Screening 3-42 4-1 Contaminated Soil Area and Volume Estimates 4-4 4-2 SC-2: Capping Alternative 4-7 4-3 Asphalt Cap Cross-Section 4-8 4-4 SC-3: Soil Flushing 4-11 4-5 Proposed Leach Field 4-12 4-6 SC-3: Soil Flushing 4-13 4-7 SC-4: Soil Vapor Extraction 4-18 4-8 Soil Vapor Extraction Process Diagram 4-19 4-9 Low Temperature Thermal Desorption Process 4-24 4-10 SC-6: Excavation and Thermal Treatment 4-26 4-11 MM-2: Biological/Air/Carbon 4-33 4-12 Biological Treatment 4-35 4-13 Air Stripping 4-36 4-14 Carbon Adsorption 4-37 4-15 HM-3: Steam Stripping/Carbon 4-42 4-16 HH-4: PACT 4-46 4-17 HH-5: UV Oxidation Treatment 4-48 4-18 Groundwater Extraction System Capture Zones 4-52 4-19 Groundwater Extraction System Option A - (4 Pumping Wells) - 72 GPH 4-53 4-20 Groundwater Extraction System Option B - (7 Pumping Wells) - 126 GPH 4-55 APPENDICES A State of New Jersey Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirements B Comparison of the Performance of RCRA and Lined- Asphalt Caps > 13 C Recharge Basin Hounding and Estimated Soil Flushing Times o=> D Groundwater Hodeling o E Alternative Cost Calculations £ AOP-35-H Section 1 AOP 001 0948 A.