www.ijemr.net ISSN (ONLINE): 2250-0758, ISSN (PRINT): 2394-6962 Volume-6, Issue-3, May-June 2016 International Journal of Engineering and Management Research Page Number: 248-253 Comparative Analysis of Print Defects in Newspaper Printing Satish Chauhan1, Vikas Jangra2, Ashwani Kumar3 1,2Faculty, Department of Printing Technology, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana, INDIA 3M.Tech. (Printing Technology) Scholar, Department of Printing Technology, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana, INDIA ABSTRACT In this inked image is transferred from plate to rubber Newspaper industry is continuously improving print blanket and then subsequently on to printing substrate with quality day by day in order to meet higher and higher the help of suitable impression pressure. In newspaper customer expectations. Also it is one of the broadest sector in printing a large continuous reel of paper is fed which which printing industry dominates. The impact of the any typically passes through different printing units. After newspaper is decided by the number of circulation i.e. printing the main objective is to cut this reel into the readers of any newspaper. Now a day in order to attract readers and increasing the sales of production it is mandatory required size and fold the same which is mainly done in to maintain quality of printing up to a significant mark. But folding section at delivery unit. The most crucial task in printing defects would have always been major hurdle in the offset printing is maintaining ink-water balance. So to progressive path of quality. Identifying such defects occurred maintain the print quality of newspaper proper attention in national level Hindi and English newspaper was the main should be made from prepress section, printing section and objective of this research. Thus the present study aims to dispatch of printed newspaper keeping in view of all the address different defects occurred during Hindi and English variables with in the short span of time. So here in this newspaper printing. study main emphasize was made on commonly occurring defects like misregistration, setoff, slur, show through and Keywords---- Circulation, defects, newspaper, printing, ghosting. print quality II. OBJECTIVES OF STUDY I. INTRODUCTION The key objective of this research was to elucidate on the following aspects of print defects in Web Newspaper is one amongst the broader sector of offset newspaper printing: - printing industry all over the entire world. Although 1. Identification of various defects occurred in Hindi newspaper is still one of the most popular mass media Newspapers today whatever be the frequency of technology 2. Identification of various defects occurred in propagation across the globe. The history of newspaper English Newspapers publishing is as ancient as that of printing. In 1702, ‘The 3. Comparative analysis between Hindi and English Daily Courant’ was first daily newspaper in London Newspapers whereas ‘Journal de Paris’ was the first daily newspapers 4. Remedies to overcome different types of printing appeared in France around 1777. Now days mostly defects newspapers are published daily and have a high circulation all over the world. Newspaper is printed by using web offset printing process. Offset printing or web offset III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY printing is a commonly used technique whose principle is derived from the planography printing process. This research work was carried in order to Planographic printing process is generally a process in analyze the commonly occurring printing defects during which image and non image area are chemically separated newspaper printing. The whole research was carried out at with the use of certain chemicals in such a way that image Department of Printing Technology, GJUS&T Hisar. The area is ink receptive and non-image area is water receptive. whole research was made on the basis on observation and identification of printing defects. First of the commonly 248 Copyright © 2016. Vandana Publications. All Rights Reserved. www.ijemr.net ISSN (ONLINE): 2250-0758, ISSN (PRINT): 2394-6962 occurring defects were enlisted. After that most study made on the commonly occurring defects and the dominating national Hindi and English newspaper were different national newspapers are enlisted in table 1. taken into consideration to accomplish the research. The Commonly occurring National Newspaper Printing Defects Hindi Newspaper English Newspaper Mis-Registration Amar Ujala The Hindu Set off Dainik Bhaskar Hindustan Times Slur Dainik Jagran Times of India Show through Hari Bhoomi The Tribune Ghosting Punjab Kesari Indian Express Table 1: - Various variables considered during research Keeping in view the above mentioned variables the data was collected. The data so obtained was analyzed using suitable statistical tools and techniques in order to conclude. IV. DATA ANALYSIS The data was collected during research on day to day basis from the main pages of all ten national newspapers for forty days. The data so collected was compiled and analyzed in order to accomplish the research effectively. This collected data was analyzed for the following research objectives:- 1. Identification of various defects occurred in Hindi Newspapers During observation it was found that Mis- 2. Identification of various defects occurred in registration was a common defect. The maximum English Newspapers frequency was recorded for the Punjab Kesari 40. In 3. Comparative analysis between Hindi and English addition to this there 36 was frequency for Dainik Bhaskar. Newspapers The minimum frequency was 4 recorded for Dainik Jagran. 4. Remedies to overcome different types of printing b. Set-off in Hindi Newspapers defects Set-off is the term in which one printed sheet is The findings of research are presented and illustrated transfers the unwanted ink on another sheet due to contact as below:- with that printed sheet. The results of finding are presented 1. Identification of various defects occurred in Hindi in figure 2. It was observed that set off occurred only in Newspapers case of two newspapers i.e. Dainik Bhaskar and Dainik During the study emphasized was made on most Jagran with frequency of 6 and 5 respectively. commonly occurring defects. The frequency of occurrence found for various defects in Hindi newspaper is presented as below: - a. Mis-registration in Hindi Newspapers All the layers of inks are printed at perfect register to get the best quality. If a single color of ink layer is out of register, it decreases the print quality and gives dull appearance. Mis-registration defect is most commonly visible in multi-color printing. The results are presented in figure 1. 249 Copyright © 2016. Vandana Publications. All Rights Reserved. www.ijemr.net ISSN (ONLINE): 2250-0758, ISSN (PRINT): 2394-6962 c. Slur in Hindi Newspapers Slur is also known as doubling of image during printing. A double impression is formed just close to each other. The results are presented in figure 3. The defect slur was observed in Dainik Bhaskar newspaper with the frequency of 13. On the other hand in case of three newspapers among five, there was nothing like slurring during printing. Frequency for Punjab Kesari was observed 5. 2. Identification of various defects occurred in English Newspapers On the bases of observation made for the identification of various defects in English newspaper, the frequency of occurrence recorded is presented as below: - a. Mis-registration in English Newspapers The results of the finding are expressed in figure 6. The results depicted that in case of English newspaper the maximum frequency observed was 24 for The Tribune. But minimum frequency was zero for The Hindu. d. Show through in Hindi Newspapers Show-through is a printing defect in which a patch can be seen on the reverse side of the printed paper. The results obtained during research are shown in figure 4. It was found that maximum frequency was 14 recorded for Dainik Bhaskar newspaper. Minimum frequency observed was one for Punjab Kesari newspaper. b. Set-off in English Newspapers The results of occurrence of set-off in English newspaper are shown in figure 7. Observations depicted that maximum frequency recorded was 2 for two newspapers i.e. for Times of India and The Tribune. In contrast to it in case of The Hindu and Indian Express newspaper this defect was no more in existence. e. Ghosting in Hindi Newspapers Ghosting defects occurs when large amount of ink is transferred on some area of the image which required lower amount of ink. The results of the finding depicted that maximum frequency of occurrence was recorded for 36 in case of Punjab Kesari newspaper. Minimum frequency was 6 recorded for Amar Ujala newspaper as shown in figure 5. 250 Copyright © 2016. Vandana Publications. All Rights Reserved. www.ijemr.net ISSN (ONLINE): 2250-0758, ISSN (PRINT): 2394-6962 c. Slur in English Newspapers e. Ghosting in English Newspapers During the observation it was found that there The results depicted that maximum occurrence was complete absence of this defect in case of all English frequency of ghosting was 10 recorded for Indian Express newspapers. The frequency recorded was zero as shown in newspaper while minimum frequency indicated that there figure 8. was complete absence of ghosting in case of The Hindu newspaper as expressed in figure 10. d. Show through in English Newspapers The maximum frequency of show through was recorded for The Tribune newspaper. In contrast to it 3. Comparative analysis between Hindi and English minimum frequency observed was 5 for Times of India Newspapers newspaper as expressed in figure 9. In order to achieve the research objectives the study was made on Hindi as well as English newspaper. These newspapers are national dominating. So comparison becomes inevitable between two language papers. This thing is of prime importance that the research was made only keeping in view of the printing defects occurred during printing. Data collected was observation based i.e. visual valuation. On the bases of the data collected and analyses made the comparison is summarized in table 2.