"The project of the Trans-European Transport Network - Trans-European Transport Network - NIF Zrt. TEN-T inland waterway development in the framework of a design contract" 2014-HU-TMC-0606-S DANUBE WATERWAY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME Version 2, improved in parallel with the development of the SEA September 2020 Content 1 BACKGROUND TO THE DESIGN OF THE PROGRAMME ............................. 1 1.1 Justification .................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Definition of the Programme's mission ....................................................................... 2 1.3 Background, delimitation of the planning area ........................................................... 2 1.4 Basic concepts, frameworks ......................................................................................... 4 1.4.1 Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T) ................................................ 4 1.4.2 Danube Commission ........................................................................................ 4 1.4.3 Specific characteristics of shipping as a mode of transport ............................. 6 1.4.4 The fairway and its general parameters ........................................................... 7 2 AN ASSESSMENT OF THE MAJOR PLANS, PROPOSALS, DOCUMENTS AND LITERATURE PRODUCED SO FAR ............................................................. 15 2.1 Description of previous plans and preparatory work ................................................. 15 2.1.1 River management and maintenance plans for the navigability of the Danube between Sap and Sava ..................................................................................... 15 2.1.2 River management and maintenance plans related to navigability on the Danube between the Sób and the southern border ....................................... 22 2.2 Obstacles to the implementation of the plans so far ................................................. 27 3 SITUATION ASSESSMENT, BASIC PLANNING INFORMATION, FOR THE WHOLE DANUBE SECTION AND ITS TRIBUTARIES ................................. 31 3.1 Functioning, changes and natural-geographical features of the Danube river basin in Hungary ...................................................................................................................... 31 3.1.1 Hydrogeographical, hydro- and bed morphological characteristics .............. 31 3.1.2 Impact of hydrological factors and human interventions on gas log formation44 3.1.3 Current state of the side branches, their remediation, need for rehabilitation47 3.1.4 Navigability barriers (fords, constrictions) on the Hungarian stretch of the Danube ............................................................................................................ 51 3.1.5 Climate status and impacts of expected changes ........................................... 55 3.1.6 Status of water bodies according to VGT, ecological, chemical classifications and their background ..................................................................................... 58 3.1.7 Nature conservation situation in relation to the previous ............................. 64 3.2 Socio-economic characteristics, situation without intervention ................................ 77 3.2.1 National economic trends ............................................................................... 77 3.2.2 Situation and state of the transport sector .....................................................81 3.2.3 Water uses on the Danube ............................................................................. 84 3.3 Situation of waterborne transport ............................................................................. 96 3.3.1 Current situation of waterborne transport and transport in relation to other transport sectors ............................................................................................ 96 3.3.2 The role of waterborne transport in freight transport in Hungary ................ 99 3.3.3 Recreation and tourism linked to the Danube area, with particular attention to the role of shipping ...................................................................................... 104 3.3.4 Institutional and legal environment for operation ....................................... 107 3.4 Summary of the major changes in the recent period and their impact on existing ideas 114 3.5 A problem tree, the provision of fairways and the identification of related ecological and social problems .................................................................................................. 116 4 VISION - GOALS - TARGET STATE ............................................................. 121 4.1 Challenges, drivers, vision ........................................................................................ 121 4.2 European and national strategies and visions for waterborne transport ................. 123 4.2.1 Transport policy framework for the development of shipping ..................... 123 4.2.2 European transport policy framework .......................................................... 123 4.2.3 EU objectives and strategy directly related to shipping, the NAIADES action programme .................................................................................................... 124 4.2.4 Main projects and their results in implementing transport policy ............... 124 4.2.5 Waterborne transport in the strategies of the Danube Region ..................... 125 4.2.6 The development of waterways in national transport and spatial development strategies and plans ...................................................................................... 128 4.3 Objectives, measures and their impact in the river basin management plans for the inland stretch of the Danube .................................................................................... 135 4.4 Objectives, target states ............................................................................................ 139 4.4.1 Other plans, programmes, strategies influencing the definition of the objectives ....................................................................................................................... 139 4.4.2 Objectives, target states, target tree .............................................................. 147 4.4.3 Ultimate objectives of the waterway development beyond concrete investment .......................................................................................................................150 4.4.4 Traceability of objectives, output, outcome and impact indicators .............. 156 5 PRINCIPLES AND CONDITIONS FOR THE DESIGN OF THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENTS...................................................................................... 158 5.1 European and national expectations for waterborne transport ............................... 158 5.1.1 International standards ................................................................................ 158 5.1.2 Requirements based on the recommendations of the Danube Commission160 5.2 Domestic legislative environment ........................................................................... 160 5.2.1 Act XLII of 2000 on Water Transport ......................................................... 160 5.2.2 Decree No 17/2002 (7.III.) of the Ministry of Transport and Communications on the designation of natural and artificial surface waters suitable for navigation and those that can be made suitable for navigation as waterways161 5.2.3 Notices to Skippers ....................................................................................... 163 5.3 Fairway parameters for the Danube based on national legislation and international standards ................................................................................................................... 167 5.3.1 Reference water levels ................................................................................... 167 5.3.2 Depth of fairway ............................................................................................ 167 5.3.3 Fairway width ............................................................................................... 168 5.3.4 Radius of curvature ...................................................................................... 168 5.4 Waterway infrastructure elements .......................................................................... 168 5.4.1 Water meters ................................................................................................. 169 5.4.2 Cruising target ............................................................................................... 169 5.4.3 Regulatory works .......................................................................................... 170 5.4.4 Water steps .................................................................................................... 170 5.4.5 Ports .............................................................................................................. 171 5.5 Navigation monitoring systems on the Danube ....................................................... 171 5.5.1 NAVINFO radio............................................................................................. 171 5.5.2 Process information services ........................................................................ 171 5.5.3 Vessel tracking .............................................................................................