Jurnal Pioneer, Vol. 10, No, 01, Juni 2018: 40 - 51 JURNAL PIONEER VOLUME 10, Issue 1, June 2018: 40 - 51 AN ANALYSIS OF HEGEMONY IN ZOOTOPIA MOVIE Wirda Fauziah University of Abdurachman Saleh Situbondo [email protected] Yopi Thahara University of Abdurachman Saleh Situbondo [email protected] Abstract: This research is purposed to analyze the structure groups of hegemony and the types of hegemony that happen in Zootopia movie. This research was done using qualitative method. The data were gained by watching the movie, paying attention to the statement and conversation and then analyzed the structures group and the types of hegemony. The data were analyzed by; data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing based on Miles and HubermanÆs theory. The findings of this research reveal that there are two structure gorups of hegemony in Zootopia movie. The first is dominant group that have two parts, civil society and the state. The civil society in Zootopia is the common citizen who did the hegemony toward the weak characters. The state is people who living under system of government who has a power to do hegemony toward the civil society. The second is the subordinate group, the group that dominated by the dominant group. This research also reveals that hegemony in Zootopia movie has two types; coercive control and consensual control. In coercive control, the dominant force the subordinate group to agree and follow their rule while in the consensual control, the dominant influence the subordinate group by their thought to make them follow their rule. In Zootopia movie, coercive power is the dominant and commonly used by the charaters. Keywords: hegemony, dominant, subordinate, type of hegemony, movie 40 Wirda Fauziah and Yopi Thahara, An Analysis of Hegemony in Zootopia Movie INTRODUCTION Booker (1995: 81-82), Gramsci Zootopia was animation defines hegemony as the ability of the movie by Walt Disney. It was bourgeois or the dominant group in produced by Walt Disney Animation gaining and maintaining their power Studios and released by Walt Disney in society. Pictures in 2016. Disney films were Based on that, the researcher very popular and had a great influence was conducted this research based on in America as well as around the some research problems and world today. Zootopia was one of objectives. The research problems are animation movie that portrayed the what are the hegemony structure reality of hegemony in society. The groups found in Zootopia movie? characters in this movie played by What are the types of hegemony used animals. The issues that showed were in Zootopia movie? Moreover, the problems that are still common in objective of this study was to describe society nowadays. In the Zootopia the hegemony structure groups found movie, there were the oppression of in Zootopia movie. Anoter the strong against the weak. People exploration was to classify the types who had power do everything of hegemony used in Zootopia movie. possible to keep his position. The analysis can be focused to the As in Srinati (2004: 153), an hegemony structure groups and the early exposition of GramsciÆs ideas types of hegemony found in Zootopia said that the hegemony of a political movie. class meant for Gramsci that class had The significance of this study succeeded in persuading the other are to help the readers to know more classes of society to accept its own about hegemony structure groups and moral, political and cultural values. If the types that occur in Zootopia the ruling class is successful, then this movie. Furthermore, the results of will involve the minimum use of this study can be used for the next force, as was the case with the research development, the study of successful liberal regimes of the literature with the theory of nineteenth century. According to hegemony, to examine the hegemony 41 Jurnal Pioneer, Vol. 10, No, 01, Juni 2018: 40 - 51 structure groups and the types of the 55th Disney animated feature hegemony in Zootopia movie. film. Zootopia was released on March 4 2016 with the genres are action and REVIEW OF LITERATURE adventure, animation, comedy. The film was directed by Byron Howard Movie and Rich Moore, co-directed by Jared Movie or also known as film Bush, written by Jared Bush and Phil is a media of communication using Johnston, stars the voices of Ginnifer audiovisual and also have a message Goodwin, Jason Bateman, Idris Elba, that usually reflected the reality. Jenny Slate, Nate Torrence, Bonnie Films is motion picture as a form of Hunt, Don Lake, Tommy Chong, J. entertainment or an art, usually K. Simmons, Octavia Spencer, Alan preceded by showing of one or move Tudyk, and Shakira. motion picture (Asnawir and M. Basyirudin Usman, 2002: 11). Hegemony Nikolaos & Maria (2010) states that The meaning of hegemony in movies combine plastic arts with Greek is 'rule' or 'leadership', whose dramatic arts. The fundamental influence in Cultural Theory is component of filming is drama and derived from its use in the writings of the motion of picture, in contrast to the Italian communist activist and other plastic arts as photography and philosopher Antonio Gramsci (1891- painting. 1937) to describe the operation of ideology in modern capitalist Zootopia Movie societies (Brooker 2003: 132). Zootopia (also known as Gramsci defines hegemony as a Zootropolis in some regions) was cultural and ideological means 2016 American 3D computer- whereby the dominant groups in animated buddy comedy-adventure society, including fundamentally but film produced by Walt Disney not exclusively the ruling class, Animation Studios and released by maintain their dominance by securing Walt Disney Pictures. Zootopia was the —spontaneous consentÆ of 42 Wirda Fauziah and Yopi Thahara, An Analysis of Hegemony in Zootopia Movie subordinate groups, including the b. Subordinate Group working class (Strinati 2004: 153). As According to Williams (1976: in Srinati (2004: 153), an early 145 in James Lull 1995: 34), exposition of GramsciÆs ideas says hegemony requires that ideological that the hegemony of a political class assertions become self-evident meant for Gramsci that class had cultural assumptions. Its effectiveness succeeded in persuading the other depends on subordinated peoples classes of society to accept its own accepting the dominant ideology as moral, political and cultural values. If normal reality or common sense ...in the ruling class is successful, then this active forms of experience and will involve the minimum use of consciousness. force, as was the case with the successful liberal regimes of the Types of Hegemony nineteenth century. According to Femia (1981: 24), Gramsi states that the supremacy Structure Groups of Hegemony of a social group or class manifests In the concept of hegemony, itself in two different ways: there are two structure group of —dominationÆ (dominio), or coercion hegemony, there are the dominant and intellectual and moral leadershipÆ group and subordinate group. (direzione intellettuale e morale). a. Dominant Group a. Coercive Control According to Gramsci, as Coercive control is where the quoted by Hoare and Smith (1999: dominant group force the subordinate 145), there are two major levels of group to agree about their thought and dominant group in society: civil their rules. They establishe sanctions society and the state. …to fix two and punishment for people who do major superstructural levels: the one not obey their rules. Domination is that can be called civil society, that is realized, essentially, through the the ensemble oforganisms commonly coercive machinery of the state. called private, and that of political Intellectual and moral leadership is society or the state. objectified in, and mainly exercised 43 Jurnal Pioneer, Vol. 10, No, 01, Juni 2018: 40 - 51 through, civil society, the ensemble of researcher watched Zootopia Movie, educational, religious and pay attentions to the statement, and associational institutions (Fermia conversation that related with 1981: 24). Hegemony theory and then the b. Consensual Control researcher write down the data about Consensual control is where hegemony that found in the Zootopia the dominant group does not force the movie. subordinate group to agree about their To analyze the data, the thought and their rules. The dominant researcher used Miles and Huberman group anyhow make the subordinate (1994: 10) which consists of three group believe that their thought are concurrent flows of activity: data actually good for their life, so the reduction, data display, and subordinate group willingly obey the conclusion drawing/verification. Data dominant gruoupÆs rules. reduction refers to the process of selecting, focusing, simplifying, METHODOLOGY abstracting, and transforming the data The researcher uses that appear in written up field notes or qualitative research to explain the transcriptions. The researcher sorts research data by Burns and Grove the data that related with hegemony (2003: 19) with library study by Naim theory, such as the structure group of (2009: 35). The data source for this hegemony that found in the movie research was the Zootopia movie by and the types of the hegemony. Data Walt Disney Animation Studios display is an organized, compressed released in 2016 by Walt Disney assembly of information that allows Pictures. Whereas, the research data conclusion drawing and action. The are the statement and conversation of researcher displays the structure the characters of the Zootopia movie group of hegemonies found in the that have relation with structure group movie and the types of hegemony of hegemony theory and the types of than found in the movie to the hegemony theory. Techniques of data coloumn of the two type of collection in this study are the hegemony; coercive and consensual 44 Wirda Fauziah and Yopi Thahara, An Analysis of Hegemony in Zootopia Movie control. After doing the identify of the have a dream was impossible for two types of hegemony, the them.