Module 25: Using Behavior to Assess Animal Welfare September 2017 S Welcome to Module 25: Using Behavior to Assess Animal Welfare. The l content for this presentation was developed as supplemental training for the i Module 25: USDA-APHIS National Veterinary Accreditation Program (NVAP) by the Using Behavior to American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) Animal Welfare Division, d Assess Animal Welfare and the Animal Behavior and Welfare Group in the Department of Animal e USDA-APHIS National Veterinary 1 Accreditation Program (NVAP) Science at Michigan State University (MSU). The Center for Food Security and Public Health (CFSPH) at the College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University utilized the content to prepare this presentation. The content for this USDA-APHIS National Veterinary Accreditation Program module was finalized in May 2015 and was revised in June 2016. Presenters: As designed, slide completion time ranges from 30 to 90 seconds each, such that the entire presentation can be completed in 60 minutes. S Required A few important points about the renewal process, first you must sign in to get l credit for taking each APHIS Approved Supplemental Training Module. This • Sign-in will either be done using a paper sign in sheet that is being passed around or the i – iPad or paper d • Retain certificate of completion iPad that is being passed around. Second at the end of the presentation you will • Complete 2-step process to renew receive a certificate of completion, this is your proof you have completed the e accreditation 2 – Complete modules module. Please retain this for your records. Do not send it to APHIS as part of – Submit an application the renewal. You must submit an application for renewal as part of the two-step renewal process. This can either be done on-line or via paper. Both processes USDA-APHIS September 2017 National Veterinary Accreditation Program Center for Food Security and Public Health are described on the NVAP website. S iPad Sign-In Directions In order for the key pad to display the participants must first tap the first field l on the screen (first name field). This will display the key pad. The participant • Tap each field to enter data* must then either tap the sylus pen or their finger into each subsequent field on i • Select Submit d • Review information for accuracy the screen. The user must tap into each field. Enter your entire National – If not accurate, see me after Accreditation Number including leading 0’s. e presentation • Select 3 Confirm • Pass to next participant * If you don’t know your 6 digit national accreditation number, pass the iPad along and see us after session USDA-APHIS September 2017 National Veterinary Accreditation Program Center for Food Security and Public Health S If No Match Found However if they have not entered the data the way it is entered into our database l they will get a No Match Found message. They should attempt to re-enter the • Your name must match what is in i our records. data two more times and then pass the tablet to the next participant. They must e.g. “Jim” not “James”, “McDonald” vs see the instructor after the presentation to ensure they do get credit for the d “Mc Donald” e • If “No Match Found” displays after module they have taken. Certain reasons their name is not displayed include: you attempt to re-enter your name Their name is not entered correctly – James vs Jim, McDonald vs Mcdonald vs 4 and NAN, pass the tablet to next participant and see us after session Mc Donald etc. USDA-APHIS September 2017 National Veterinary Accreditation Program Center for Food Security and Public Health USDA-APHIS National Accreditation Program APHIS Approved Supplemental Training 1 Module 25: Using Behavior to Assess Animal Welfare September 2017 S Paper Sign-In If a paper sign in is being used please make sure you print clearly or you may l not get credit for the AAST module. It is critical that we have your updated i • Print clearly email address to ensure you receive notifications from NVAP. If you do not • Complete ALL fields know your six digit National Accreditation Number (NAN), please see the d • If you do not know your 6 e digit National Accreditation instructor after the presentation. 5 Number, please see us after session USDA-APHIS September 2017 National Veterinary Accreditation Program Center for Food Security and Public Health S Supplemental Training Presenters: Please make sure your audience understands the intent of this l information by reading what is written here. This informational presentation is • Familiarize accredited veterinarians with i animal health regulatory concepts and intended to familiarize accredited veterinarians with animal health regulatory activities d – Does not supersede the regulations concepts and activities. Information presented here does not supersede the • For the most up-to-date regulations and regulations. For the most up-to-date regulations and standards, please refer to e standards, please refer to: – Code of Federal Regulations the Code of Federal Regulations, contact your state or national Occupational 6 – OSHA Occupational health specialist Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), consult with your workplace’s – Local VS District Office occupational health specialist, or your local VS District Office. USDA-APHIS September 2017 National Veterinary Accreditation Program Center for Food Security and Public Health S Supplemental Training All modules are available on our website free of charge. If you want additional l information about any of the presentations you may check them out on our • All APHIS Approved Supplemental Training i (AAST) modules are also available on our website where additional resources are available. The NVAP website is Website with interactive features and links d to additional Web resources. available by typing NVAP into your preferred search engine. • Type “NVAP” into your search engine e.g. e Bing, Google, Yahoo. 7 USDA-APHIS September 2017 National Veterinary Accreditation Program Center for Food Security and Public Health S Overview Overview l This presentation will identify normal behaviors seen in many animal species • Identify normal behaviors seen under i conditions of good welfare under conditions promoting good welfare, describe how sickness behaviors can d • Describe how sickness behaviors contribute to improved or compromised animal welfare, and list basic contribute to compromised welfare approaches to reducing or eliminating pain and distress in animals. e • List basic approaches to reducing or eliminating pain and distress in 8 animals USDA-APHIS September 2017 National Veterinary Accreditation Program Center for Food Security and Public Health USDA-APHIS National Accreditation Program APHIS Approved Supplemental Training 2 Module 25: Using Behavior to Assess Animal Welfare September 2017 S Using Behavior to Using Behavior to Assess Animal Welfare Assess Animal Welfare l As stated by the American Veterinary Medical Association, animal welfare is • American Veterinary Medical i Association (AVMA) states… used to describe how an animal is coping* physically and mentally with the d • Animal welfare used to describe conditions in which it lives. Societal concerns about animal welfare stem – How an animal is coping with conditions in which it lives largely from the public’s belief that conditions that prevent animals from e – Physically, mentally 9 expressing perceived important behaviors should be modified. Thus, many animal welfare assessment programs evaluate the animals’ opportunities to express normal behaviors. USDA-APHIS September 2017 National Veterinary Accreditation Program Center for Food Security and Public Health *Coping is a measure of how well an animal is adapting to stressors within its body and the environment. In the field of animal welfare, coping can be considered successful when the animal maintains control of mental and bodily stability in a way that does not compromise fitness (Broom & Fraser, 2007). S Using Behavior to Behavior can include all animal actions, whether observable or internal, simple Assess Animal Welfare l or complex, conscious or unconscious, learned or innate. Behaviors occur in • Directly observable behaviors i can be used to assess welfare response to both external stimuli, such as the physical environment or other – Normal behaviors animals, and to internal stimuli, such as the levels of hormones or chemicals in d – Abnormal behaviors e – Sickness behaviors the blood. As such, directly observable behaviors** can be used to help assess – Pain behaviors 1 animal welfare, including normal, abnormal, sickness, and pain behaviors. We will discuss each of these in more detail as well as how they relate to animal 0 welfare during this presentation. USDA-APHIS September 2017 National Veterinary Accreditation Program Center for Food Security and Public Health **Behavior is defined as “the movement of an organism or of its parts in a frame of reference provided by the organism itself or by various external objects or fields of force” (Skinner, 1938). It is the response of the organism to various stimuli or inputs, whether internal or external, conscious or subconscious, overt or covert, voluntary or involuntary. Examples of behaviors include panting, ruminating, walking, or playing. S l i d Normal Behaviors e 1 1 USDA-APHIS National Accreditation Program APHIS Approved Supplemental Training 3 Module 25: Using Behavior to Assess Animal Welfare September 2017 S Normal Behaviors Normal Behaviors l A complete welfare assessment