If you have issues viewing or accessing this file contact us at NCJRS.gov. .'. APR 't 0 1976 RESOURCE MAT'ERIAL SERIES No. 10 UNAFEI Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan Octoberl1975 , ) CONTENTS Introductory Note by Zen Tokoi Part I Material Produced During the 39th Seminar Course on the Roles and Functions of the Police in a Clumging Society SECTION 1: EXPERTS' PAPERS A Comparative Analysis of Police Practices by Dal'id H. Bayley .. ................. , ................... CD 3t.lIZ7 Changi~g Roles of the Police of Japan 4128 by lmyo Kaneko ......................................... ® ~ SECTION 2: PARTICIPANTS' PAPERS Roles and Functions of the Police in a Changing Society: The Case of India by Mahesh Dutta Dikshit ........ .. 38 Roles and Functions of the Police in a Changing Society: The Case of Malaysia by T. T. Rajasingam. ...................................... 45 Roles and Functions of the Police in a Changing Society: The Case of Sri Lanka Zen Tokoi by Rudra Rajasingham .................................... 56 Director Antecedents of Police Integration in the Philippines United Nation!:. by J. E. Salido . .. 67 Asia and Far East Institute Some Aspects of the Police Activities in Iraq for the Prevention of Crime by Thasall Ali AI~Hermizi ................................ " 70 and the Treatment of Offenders (UNAFEI) SECTION 3: CONCLUSIONS OF THE SEMINAR 1-26 Harumicho, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan Report of the Seminar by UNAFEI Staff ....................................... " 76 Introductory Note The Editor is pleased to present No. 10 of the Resource Material Series with material produced during the 39th Seminar Course and the 40th Training Course. Part Ii Matcrial Produccd During thc 40th Tra3ning Part I contains material from the 39th Seminar Course on the Roles and Coursc on thc Trcatmcnt of Offcndcl's Functions of the Po];ce in a Changing Society, which was held from 12 February to 15 March, 1975. SECTION 1: EXPERT'S PAPER Section 1 consists of two papers, one by Professor David H. Bayley of the Graduate School, University of Denver, U.S.A., Visiting Expert, and the other by Periodic ?etentio~l in New Zealand 3412 Cf Mr. Jinyo Kaneko, Director of Criminal Research and Statistics Division, Criminal by Ene A. Mlssen ........................................ @ Investigation Bureau, National Police Agency of Japan, ad hoc lecturer. In his paper, "A Comparative Analysis of Police Practices," Professor Bayley examines comparative police practices across national boundaries with special emphasis on SECTION 2: GROUP WORKSHOP tile tasks which the police perform and their affect upon and relationship to operational behavior and organizational management. Workshop I: New Perspectives in Correctional Institutions Summary Report of the Rapporteur ........................ .. 107 In the paper, "Changing Roles of the Police of Japan," Mr. Kaneko gives an Classification in the Correctional System in the Philippines account of the historical developments of the Japanese police system. by (Mrs.) Josejina Montante-Santos .. .. no Section 2 contains the papers prepared by the participants of the 39th Course, and Section 3 includes the Report of the Seminar. Workshop II: Juvenile Delinquency and Related Problems Part II contains material produced during the 40th Training Course on the Summary Report of the Rapporteur . .. 113 Treatment of Offenders, which was held from 15 April to 5 July, 1975. Juvenile Delinquency in Nepal Section 1 consists of the paper, "Pcriodic Detention in New Zealand," by Mr. by B. K. Bantawa ......................................... 116 Eric A. Missen, O.B.E., Former Secretary for Justice of New Zealand, Visiting Workshop III: Current Issues and Problems in Criminal Justice System Expert. In this paper, Mr. Missen explains how the periodic detention system has Summary Report of the Rapporteur . .. 119 worked out in practice since 1963 and concludes that it has proved its effectiveness as a sanction and as an alternative to imprisonment in New Zealand. The Emerging Roles of the Police in Social Defense in India Secti<m 2 contains the reports and papers by the participants. by B. K. Roy ............................................ 123 In the last part of this volume is appended an Index, for the convenience of Workshop IV: Special Problems in Criminal Justice the readers, covering all the papers of the UNAFEI Staff, Visiting Experts and Summary Report of the Rapporteur ............................ 130 participants which were published in Resource Material Series Nos. 1-10. It is compiled in the order of the nationality of their authors. The Editor expects to Activities oj' Narcotics Rehabilitation Center in Thailand include in a subsequent issue a more detailed index, classified according to the by Dr. Chua Patanaeharoen ................................. 134 topics and content of the papers. The Editor deeply regrets that the lack of space has precluded him from pub­ INDEX-Rcsourcc Matcrial Scrics Nos. 1-10 lishing all the papers prepared by the participants of the 39th and the 40th Courses. Even the papers which were published had to be curtailed considerably. This was Experts' Papers ............................................ 139 particularly true of the papers of the 39th Course, since many were over thirty pages in length and also contained various tables and charts. This was necessary in Participants' Papers ......................................... 141 order to be able to publish as many papers as possible. Moreover, because of lack of time it had to be done without referring the abbreviated manuscripts back to their authors. The Editor asks for their indulgence for having had to do it this way since it was unavoidable under the circumstances. Tn conclusion, the Editor expresses his appreciation to all those who so willingly helped him in the publication of this volume by attending to the typing, printing and proofreading, and in various other ways. PART I October, 1975 Material Produced During The 39th Seminar Course On the Roles and Functions of The Police in a Changing Society Zen Tokoi Director 34/21 SECTION 1: EXPERTS' PAPERS A Comparative Analysis of Police Practices by David H. Bayley'" The purpose of these lectures is to ex­ enforcement aspects of the police role.\ At amine police practices comparatively the same time policemen themselves fre­ across national boundaries, giving special qLlCntly show considerable disdain for the atte'ltion to the tasks which police perform role of peace officer, cynically observing and thc implications which task-objectives that they are not "social workers." This have for operational behavior and organ­ lecture will contribute to this ol1-going de­ izational managcment. The lectures will bate by seeking to answer two questions: treat six topics: (\) Appropriatc Police (1) What is the range of actual police ac­ tasks, (2) Social Change and Police Tasks, tivity? and (2) Are there any principles that (3) Aspects of Effective Policing, (4) Force can be used to determine whether some and Authority in the Police Role, (5) To­ kinds of work the police perform arc more ward Responsible Police Behavior, and (6) appropriate than others? Police Reform anci International Com­ There have been many attempts to clas­ parisons. sify the tasks that police carry out. James During the course of these lectures 1 will Q. Wilson, for example, has divided all develop explanations-theories, if you will police activities into two categories-law -about why police activity varies among enforcement ancl order maintenance. The nations or over time. Since my OWn re­ first involves application of legal sanctions; search, while covering several countries, the second, mediational activities that con­ has not touched everywhere in the world, tribute to public order and safety without my theories may need reformulation in application of formal sanctions. Richard order to fit experience in other places. It Myren, another American, has three cate­ will be instructive to me and infnrmative, gories-enforcement of the criminal code, 1 hope, to listeners. if we can work out enforcement of nuisance norms, and pro­ needed changes, thus producing together vision of social services.!l These schenles a deepened understanding of the role of arc [!Hempts to provide simplifying class i­ the police in contemporary societies. ficatione, of police tasks. This is a beguiling enterprise but it is better, I believe, to be inclusive, to do justice to the variety of Lect.urc I: Appropriate I'olice Tasks police work. Accordingly, I shaH simply list the different kinds of work that police: Arguments have existed for some time do anywhere in the world. both in and outside police circles about First, police enforce the criminal law. what police should be doing. In many In the role of law officer, policemen de­ places today discussion centers on whether tect violations of the criminal law, investi­ the police should, in addition to catching gate offences, and apprehend offenders. criminais, regulate traffic, provide person­ Second, police prevent violations of the al counselling for individuals and families, criminal law. This is the purpose which license firearms, carry out inspections of patrolling is supposed to serve. various sorts, and handle large-scale civil Third, police mediate actual or poten­ disorders. It has become fashionable to tial conflicts. This includes slleh varied speak of policemen as peace officers as activity as settling drunken brawls, inter­ opposed to law officers, stressing the Ilon- vening in family disputes, and controlling