A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Cojanu, Valentin; Dima, Alina; Muşetescu, Radu; Pîslaru, Dragoş; Stănculescu, Manuela Research Report Specific requirements of the EU structural instruments and policy implications for Romania Pre-Accession Impact Studies II, No. 6 Provided in Cooperation with: European Institute of Romania, Bucharest Suggested Citation: Cojanu, Valentin; Dima, Alina; Muşetescu, Radu; Pîslaru, Dragoş; Stănculescu, Manuela (2004) : Specific requirements of the EU structural instruments and policy implications for Romania, Pre-Accession Impact Studies II, No. 6, European Institute of Romania, Bucharest This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/74614 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. 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Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. www.econstor.eu European Institute of Romania – Pre-accession Impact Studies II European Institute of Romania Study no. 6 Specific Requirements of the EU Structural Instruments and Policy Implications for Romania Authors: Valentin Cojanu, Senior Lecturer - coordinator Alina Dima, Assistant Radu Muşetescu, Assistant Dragoş Pîslaru, Lecturer Manuela Stănculescu, Ph.D. Candidate European Institute of Romania, Bucharest, 2004 1 European Institute of Romania – Pre-accession Impact Studies II Contents Acknowledgements .............................................................................................................4 I. Introduction................................................................................................................4 II. The Regional Policy of the European Union........................................................ 8 II. 1 Economics of regional development in the EU context .............................................. 8 Public transfers and capabilities........................................................................................................... 8 Convergence and regional development ............................................................................................. 10 II. 2 The policy for regional development.......................................................................... 12 The Structural Funds........................................................................................................................... 14 The Cohesion Policy............................................................................................................................ 21 II. 3 The future of EU regional policy................................................................................ 23 II. 4 The Experience of Spain ............................................................................................. 29 Structural programming...................................................................................................................... 30 Project Management and Monitoring ................................................................................................. 31 III. Structural Funds issues in the enlargement process ..........................................35 III. 1 Outcome of negotiations ......................................................................................... 36 III. 2 Pre-accession funds ................................................................................................. 38 Phare................................................................................................................................................... 38 ISPA..................................................................................................................................................... 44 SAPARD .............................................................................................................................................. 49 III. 3 The experience of Poland........................................................................................ 51 Accession negotiations ........................................................................................................................ 52 Outcome of negotiations and further challenges................................................................................. 54 IV. Accession impact on the policy of Structural Instruments in Romania.............55 IV. 1 Administrative capacity: legislation, institutions, programming........................ 56 Regional Development Planning in Romania ..................................................................................... 57 Development regions and regional statistics....................................................................................... 62 The management of pre-accession funds............................................................................................. 69 The management of structural funds ................................................................................................... 78 Structural Funds and the regional aid policy...................................................................................... 81 IV. 3 Managerial capacity: financing and budget.......................................................... 82 Institutional analyses........................................................................................................................... 84 The impact of the 1997 and 1998 PHARE operational country programs.......................................... 88 Technical and managerial expertise in structural programming........................................................ 91 V. Conclusions and policy implications .......................................................................96 V. 1 The framework of regional policy .............................................................................. 96 V. 2 Implications from the enlargement process .............................................................. 97 V. 3 Implications from the experience of Romania .......................................................... 99 Bibliography ................................................................................................................... 102 Annex.................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 2 European Institute of Romania – Pre-accession Impact Studies II Tables and Figures Tabel 1: Programs for rural development financed by EAGGF................................................................... 16 Table 2: Reform of the Cohesion Policy - Instruments and objectives ......................................................... 28 Table 3: Effects of the Intervention of Structural Funds and Cohesion Fund on GDP and rate of employment (RE) (% as in case of non-intervention) ................................................................................... 33 Table 4: Management and implementation authorities in former candidate countries................................ 40 Table 5: Difficulties in complying with Structural Funds requirements in Poland ...................................... 55 Table 6: Priority 5 – Regional development: Context indicators ................................................................. 60 Table 7: Allocation of 2004 – 2006 regional funds by region ...................................................................... 61 Table 8: Historical regions and cultural areas in Romania ......................................................................... 63 Table 9: Development regions and development sub-regions ...................................................................... 64 Table 10: Redefinition of NUTS classification.............................................................................................. 69 Table 11: PHARE Annual Assistance to Romania (Mil. Euros) ................................................................... 72 Table 12: Stimulation and solidarity in the allocation of public funds by region and by county ................. 86 Tabel 13: Technical Assessment Matrix – Excerpt of Financial selection criteria....................................... 94 Figure 1: Development index at the county level.............................................................. 68 Figure 2A: Institutional framework for Structural Funds management in Romania Error! Bookmark not defined. 3 European Institute of Romania – Pre-accession Impact Studies II Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Mr. Leonard Orban, Secretary of State at the Ministry of European Integration, and Ms.