Needs Assessment Report Ohio’s Strategic Prevention Framework – State Incentive Grant (SPF SIG) FRANKLIN COUNTY Prepared by: Voinovich School of Leadership and Public Affairs at Ohio University Building 21, The Ridges Athens, OH 45701 University of Cincinnati Evaluation Services Center 3150 One Edwards Center Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0105 Table of Contents Community Profile ........................................................................................................................................ 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Recent Community Needs Assessments ................................................................................................... 6 Community Readiness .................................................................................................................................. 8 Individual Level ............................................................................................................................................. 9 Interpersonal Level ..................................................................................................................................... 11 Community‐Level ........................................................................................................................................ 15 Retail Factors........................................................................................................................................... 15 Social Availability Factors ........................................................................................................................ 18 Promotional Factors ................................................................................................................................ 20 Pricing Factors ......................................................................................................................................... 22 Organizational‐Level ................................................................................................................................... 24 Capacities ................................................................................................................................................ 24 Gaps ........................................................................................................................................................ 25 Policy‐Level ................................................................................................................................................. 26 Cultural Competence .................................................................................................................................. 28 Millennials (Generation Next) ................................................................................................................. 28 Sub‐Target/Underserved Population ...................................................................................................... 31 Appendix I: Additional Introduction Information ....................................................................................... 32 Appendix II: Additional Community Readiness Information .................................................................... 204 Appendix III: Additional Individual Level Information .............................................................................. 240 Appendix IV: Additional Interpersonal Information ................................................................................. 248 Appendix V: Organizational‐Level Assessment Tools ............................................................................... 280 Appendix VI: Additional Policy Information .............................................................................................. 303 Community Profile FRANKLIN COUNTY1 Franklin County has an estimated population of 1,178,799. The population is predominantly Caucasian (71.2%), with a considerable African American population (21.5%). Approximately 2.8% of the population identifies as multiracial. A small percentage (4.9%) of the county’s population reports being of Hispanic or Latino origin. English is the predominant language, although 11.1% of residents report that another language is spoken at home. Among residents above 25 years of age, 88.9% have a high school diploma and 35.0% have a Bachelor’s degree or higher. The high school graduation rate is similar to that of the state rate (87.4%). However, the percentage of higher education degrees in the county is considerably higher than the state rate (24.1%). The median household income (2006‐2010) is $49,087, which is slightly above the state median of $47,358. The five year (2006‐2010) estimated percentage of the county population below poverty level is 17.0%. This is considerably higher than the estimated state percentage (14.2%). CITY OF COLUMBUS2 Columbus, the largest city in Franklin County, has an estimated population of 797,434 or 66% of the county’s population. The population is predominantly Caucasian (61.5%), with a considerable African American population (28.0%) which is significantly higher than the state (12.0%). Approximately 3.3% of the population identifies as multiracial and a small percentage (5.6%) of the county’s population reports being of Latino origin. English is the predominant language, though 12.9% of residents reporting that another language is spoken at home. Among residents above 25 years of age, 87.7 % have a high school diploma and 32.3% have a Bachelor’s degree or higher. The high school graduation rate is similar to that of the state rate (87.4%). However, the percentage of higher education degrees in the county is considerably higher than the state rate (24.1%). The median household income (2006‐2011) is $43,348, which is below the county median of $49,087 and below the state median of $47,358. The five‐year (2006‐2010) estimated percentage of the city below poverty level is 21.8%. This is higher than the estimated county percent 17% and considerably higher than the state (14.2%). 1 Data sources for Franklin County include the 2011 Census and the 2006‐2010 American Community Survey. 2 Data sources for the City of Columbus include the 2010 Census and the 2006‐2010 American Community Survey. Franklin County SPF SIG Needs Assessment Report 1 Your chance of becoming a victim of violent crime in this area is one in 119. This includes forcible rape, murder and non‐negligent manslaughter, armed robbery, and aggravated assault, including assault with a deadly weapon.3 3 http://www.neighborhoodscout.com/oh/columbus/ Franklin County SPF SIG Needs Assessment Report 2 Introduction The community’s biggest issue related to substance abuse: The Franklin County Urban SPF Coalition will target African American young adults who reside in the urban core of Columbus (zip codes: 43204, 43205, 43206, 43211, and 43223). The African American residents in the urban core have a favorable attitude towards marijuana use, higher rates of drug use and live in families that have a history of parental drug abuse. Anecdotally, the urban core young adults listen to hip hop/rap music whose lyrics glamorize drugs, drug use and “gangsta” lifestyles and see the hip hop/rap artists as role models to emulate in language and clothing. “In the United States, many rappers create songs that, through performances and records, spread news of urban African American youth daily lives, dreams, and discontents outside of their immediate neighborhoods. Rappers are viewed as the voice of poor, urban African American youth, whose lives are generally dismissed or misrepresented by the mainstream media.”4 • In 2005 a study by Dr. Brian Primack from the University of Pittsburgh's School of Medicine found: 77% of Billboard’s 62 most popular rap songs portrayed substance use, often in the context of peer pressure, wealth and sex5. Respondents to the coalition’s usage survey reported the following: • 29% reported drinking alcohol and using marijuana in the past 30 day. • 8% in the past 3 months were disqualified for employment or lost a job because of a failed drug test • 47% (almost one in two respondents) reported their parents had a problem with alcohol. Community residents purchase drugs from local drug dealers in affordable packages and purchase drug paraphernalia at corner stores and gas stations. According to the coalition’s store observation project: • 89% of the store counters in the urban core contain cigars, cigarillos, black and mild cigars, and blunt wraps near the register6. 4 http://www.stanford.edu/class/e297c/poverty_prejudice/mediarace/socialsignificance.htm downloaded October 16, 2012 5 Drugs and Alcohol Often Used in Popular Music ; http://www.redorbit.com/news/health/1243006/drugs_and_alcohol_often_used_in_popular_music/?print=true 6Appendix: Introduction FCUC Store Observation Final Report Franklin County SPF SIG Needs Assessment Report 3 A description of the population being targeted for SPF SIG project7: The urban core population has an estimated population of 125,206. The majority of the population is Caucasian (49%), with a considerable African American population 43,373 (34.6%) which is higher than the Columbus (28%) and the state (12.0%). A small percentage – 6,200 (4.9%) of the urban core’s population – reports being of Hispanic or Latino origin. The estimated population of 18‐25 year olds is 12,870 and the estimated