The Advocate Journal of Criminal Justice Education & Research Kentucky Department of Public Advocacy 2nd Edition, June 2019 DUI MANUAL 2019 UPDATE Commonwealth of Kentucky Department of Public Advocacy Damon Preston, Public Advocate The Advocate: DUI Manual 2nd Edition, June 2019 INTRODUCING THE DUI MANUAL, 2ND EDITION Introducing the Department of Public Advocacy DUI Manual, 2nd Edition. This is the first updated and useable DUI Manual in 10 years. This DUI manual is intended to take you through a DUI offense from beginning to end, addressing issues you may see along the way. Some of the sections in this manual will be effected by the law changes, which are to go into effect in July 2020. For this reason, this manual will be updated and distributed at the 2020 Annual Conference. If there are sections that need elaboration, are errors needing correction, or sections that have been inadvertently not included, please contact Chrissy Madjar at [email protected] so these updates and changes can be incorporated in the future editions. Christine Madjar June 2019 Table of Contents THE DUI STATUTE............................................................................................................................................ 1 ELEMENTS OF THE DUI OFFENSE ..................................................................................................................... 5 General ........................................................................................................................................................... 5 Operation / In Physical Control .................................................................................................................. 5 Motor Vehicle ............................................................................................................................................. 7 Anywhere in the State ................................................................................................................................ 8 THE DIFFERENT DUI OFFENSES ........................................................................................................................ 8 BAC of .08 or Greater ..................................................................................................................................... 9 Scientifically Reliable Tests ........................................................................................................................ 9 Taken within two (2) hours ........................................................................................................................ 9 Under the Influence ..................................................................................................................................... 10 Presumption of Intoxication .................................................................................................................... 10 Under the Influence of Any Substance or Combination of Substances ...................................................... 11 Marijuana ................................................................................................................................................. 11 Per Se DUI: Controlled Substances listed in Section 12 ............................................................................... 12 Combined Influence of Alcohol and Any Other Substance ......................................................................... 12 DUI Under the Age of 21 Years Old ............................................................................................................. 13 PRIOR OFFENSES ........................................................................................................................................... 13 PENALTIES .................................................................................................................................................... 14 First Offense ................................................................................................................................................. 15 Second Offense ............................................................................................................................................ 16 Third Offense ................................................................................................................................................ 16 Fourth or Subsequent Offense ..................................................................................................................... 17 Penalties for DUI under 21 years old ........................................................................................................... 18 Aggravating Circumstances ......................................................................................................................... 18 Additional Penalties ..................................................................................................................................... 19 Service Fee ................................................................................................................................................ 19 Alcohol and Drug Education Classes ........................................................................................................ 19 Substance Abuse Treatment Programs ................................................................................................... 20 Surrendering of License Plate(s) .............................................................................................................. 20 Alternatives to Incarceration ................................................................................................................... 20 Alternatives to License Suspension .......................................................................................................... 20 Ignition Interlock Licenses and Ignition Interlock Devices ...................................................................... 22 Points on a Driver’s License ...................................................................................................................... 25 Commercial Driver’s License Penalties .................................................................................................... 25 STOPS ........................................................................................................................................................... 26 Stopping the Driver ...................................................................................................................................... 27 Checkpoints .................................................................................................................................................. 28 FIELD SOBRIETY TESTS .................................................................................................................................. 29 Eye Tests ....................................................................................................................................................... 32 Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus (HGN) .............................................................................................................. 33 The Two Divided Attention Tests ................................................................................................................. 35 Walk and Turn ........................................................................................................................................... 35 One Leg Stand ........................................................................................................................................... 37 IMPLIED CONSENT ........................................................................................................................................ 39 REFUSAL ....................................................................................................................................................... 42 BREATH, BLOOD, AND URINE TESTS .............................................................................................................. 44 Breathalyzer ................................................................................................................................................. 44 Breath Test Certification, Instrument, and Proper Usage ......................................................................... 44 Admissibility .............................................................................................................................................. 46 Preliminary Breath Test............................................................................................................................. 46 Challenges to the Breathalyzer ................................................................................................................. 47 Blood Tests ................................................................................................................................................... 48 Challenges to the Blood Draw ................................................................................................................... 48 Urine Tests ................................................................................................................................................... 49 ARREST 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