Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 1995 Statistics Department Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning ®DHS Demographic and Health Surveys Macro International Inc. World Summit for Children Indicators: Uganda 1995 Value BASIC INDICATORS Infant mortality Infant mortality rate (direct estimation) I 81 per 1,000 Infant mortality rate (indirect estimation) I 97 per 1,000 Under-five mortality rate 147 per 1,000 Maternal mortality Maternal mortality ratio 506 per 100,000 Childhood undernutrition Percent stunted 38.3 Percent wasted 5.3 Percent underweight 25.5 Clean water supply Percent of households within 15 minutes of a safe water supply 2 I 1.0 Sanitary excreta disposal Percent of households with flush toilets or VIP latrines 3.1 Basic education Percent of women 15-49 with completed primary education 23.4 Percent of men 15-49 with completed primary education 38.1 Percent of girls 6-12 attending school 65.9 Percent of boys 6-12 attending school 68.8 Percent of women 15-49 who are literate 52.6 Children in especially Percent of children who are orphans (both parents dead) 1.9 difficult situations Percent of children who do not live with their natural mother 23.5 Percent of children who live in single adult households 12.1 SUPPORTING INDICATORS Women's Health Birth spacing Percent of births within 24 months of a previous birth 27.8 Sal~ motherhood Percent of births with medical prenatal care 91.2 Percent of births with prenatal care in first trimester 13.7 Percent of births with medical assistance at delivery 37.8 Percent of births in a medical facility 35.4 Percent of births at high risk 65.9 Family planning Contraceptive prevalence rate (any method, married women) 14.8 Percent of currently married women with an unmet demand for family planning 29.0 Percent of currently married women with an unmet need for family planning to avoid a high-risk birth 24.9 Nutrition Maternal nutrition Percent of mothers with low BM[ 9.9 Low birth weight Percent of births at low birth weight (of those reporting numeric weight) 13.1 Breastfeeding Percent of children under 4 months who are exclusively breastfed 70.1 Iodine Percent of households with iodised salt 69.0 Child Health Vaccinations Percent of children whose mothers received tetanus toxoid vaccination during pregnancy 80.0 Percent of children 12-23 months with measles vaccination 59.6 Percent of children 12-23 months fully vaccinated 47.4 Diarrhoea control Percent of children with diarrhoea in preceding 2 weeks who received oral rehydration therapy (sugar-salt-water solution) 49.2 Acute respiratory infection Percent of children with acute respiratory infection in preceding 2 weeks who were seen by medical personnel 61.4 I See Chapter 7 Ibr details. 2 Piped, well, and bottled water Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 1995 Statistics Department Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning Entebbe, Uganda Macro International Inc, Calverton, Maryland USA August 1996 This report summarises the findings of the 1995 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) conducted by the Statistics Department in the Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning. Macro International Inc. provided technical assistance. Funding was provided by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the Government of Uganda. The UDHS is part of the worldwide Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) programme, which is designed to collect data on fertility, family planning, and maternal and child health. Additional information about the Uganda survey may be obtained from the Statistics Department, P.O. Box 13, Entebbe, Uganda (Telephone: 20320 or 20165; Fax: 20147). Additional information about the DHS programme may be obtained by writing to: DHS, Macro International Inc., 11785 Beltsville Drive, Suite 300, Calverton, MD 20705 (Telephone: 301-572-0200; Fax: 301-572- 0999; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www/macroint.com/dhs/). Recommended citation: Statistics Department [Uganda] and Macro International Inc. 1996. Uganda Demographic and Health Survey, 1995. Calverton, Maryland: Statistics Department [Uganda] and Macro International Inc. CONTENTS Tables ............................................................................ vii Figures ............................................................................ xi Preface ........................................................................... xiii Summary of Findings ................................................................ xv Map of Uganda .................................................................... xx CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................... 1 1.1 Geography, History, and the Economy ...................................... 1 1.2 Demographic Statistics .................................................. 2 1.3 Family Planning Programmes and Population Policy ........................... 3 1.4 Health Priorities and Programmes .......................................... 4 1.5 Objectives of the 1995 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey ................. 4 1.6 Survey Organisation .................................................... 4 CHAPTER2 CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHOLDS AND RESPONDENTS ............ 9 2.1 Population by Age and Sex ............................................... 9 2.2 Population by Age from Selected Sources .................................. 10 2.3 Household Composition ................................................ 11 2.4 Fosterhood and Orphanhood ............................................. 12 2.5 Educational Level of Household Population ................................. 12 2.6 School Enrolment ..................................................... 14 2.7 Housing Characteristics ................................................. 15 2.8 Household Durable Goods ............................................... 17 2.9 Background Characteristics of Respondents ................................. 18 2.10 Characteristics of Couples ............................................... 20 2.11 Educational Level of Survey Respondents .................................. 20 2.12 School Attendance and Reasons for Leaving School .......................... 21 2.13 Exposure to Mass Media ................................................ 22 2.14 Employment .......................................................... 23 2.15 Employer and Form of Eamings .......................................... 24 2.16 Occupation ........................................................... 25 2.17 Person who Decides on Use of Earnings .................................... 26 2.18 Child Care While Working .............................................. 27 CHAPTER 3 FERTILITY ......................................................... 29 3.1 Current Fertility Levels ................................................. 29 3.2 Differentials in Current Fertility .......................................... 31 3.3 Fertility Trends ....................................................... 33 3.4 Retrospective Fertility .................................................. 35 3.5 Birth Intervals ........................................................ 36 iii Page 3.6 Age at First Birth ...................................................... 38 3.7 Teenage Pregnancy and Motherhood ...................................... 39 CHAPTER 4 FERTILITY REGULATION ........................................... 43 4.1 Knowledge of Family Planning Methods ................................... 43 4.2 Trends in Contraceptive Knowledge ....................................... 46 4.3 Ever Use of Family Planning Methods ..................................... 46 4.4 Current Use of Family Planning .......................................... 48 4.5 Number of Children at First Use of Family Planning .......................... 56 4.6 Effect of Breastfeeding on Conception ..................................... 56 4.7 Somce of Family Planning Methods ....................................... 57 4.8 Intention to Use Family Planning Among Non-users .......................... 60 4.9 Reasons for Non-use ................................................... 61 4.10 Preferred Method of Contraception for Future Use ............................ 62 4.11 Exposure to Family Planning Messages .................................... 62 4.12 Acceptability of Electronic Media to Disseminale Family Planning Messages ...... 63 4.13 Exposure to Family Planning Messages Through the Print Media ................ 64 4.14 Contact of Non-users with Family Planning Providers ......................... 65 4.15 Attitudes Towards Family Planning ....................................... 66 4.16 Problems with Contraceptive Methods ..................................... 69 4.17 Knowledge of Family Planning Logo ...................................... 70 4.18 Knowledge of Protector Condoms ......................................... 71 CHAPTER 5 PROXIMATE DETERMINANTS OF FERTILITY ........................ 73 5.1 Current Marital Status .................................................. 73 5.2 Polygyny ............................................................ 74 5.3 Age at First Marriage ................................................... 76 5.4 Age at First Sexual Intercourse ........................................... 78 5.5 Recent Sexual Activity ................................................. 79 5.6 Postpartum Amenorrhoea, Abstinence, and Insusceptibility ..................... 81 5.7 Termination of Exposure to Pregnancy ..................................... 83 CHAPTER 6 FERTILITY PREFERENCES .........................................