Local Area Development Programme in Iraq Financed by the Implemented European Union by UNDP PROVINCIAL RESPONSE PLAN NINEVEH GOVERNORATE January 2018 LADP in Iraq – Nineveh PRP 2 LADP in Iraq – Nineveh PRP FOREWORD BY THE GOVERNOR … 3 LADP in Iraq – Nineveh PRP 4 LADP in Iraq – Nineveh PRP CONTENT PRP Nineveh Governorate Foreword by the Governor ............................................................................................................................... 3 Content ............................................................................................................................................................ 5 List of Figures ................................................................................................................................................... 7 List of Tables .................................................................................................................................................... 8 Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................................... 9 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 11 1. Organisation of the PRP ............................................................................................................................... 11 2. Purpose of the PRP ...................................................................................................................................... 11 3. Methodology ................................................................................................................................................ 11 4. PRP development process ........................................................................................................................... 12 I. Context .................................................................................................................................................. 15 1. Location and administrative division .......................................................................................................... 15 2. Geography and natural resources .............................................................................................................. 17 3. Historical significance .................................................................................................................................. 20 4. Conflict ......................................................................................................................................................... 22 4.1. Ba’athist regime and Gulf War I (1990–1991) .............................................................................................. 22 4.2. Iraq War (2003–2011) and Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013) .......................................................................... 23 4.3. Occupation by ISIL (2013–2017) ................................................................................................................... 24 II. Social profile .......................................................................................................................................... 29 1. Population .................................................................................................................................................... 29 1.1. Population structure and trends ................................................................................................................... 29 1.2. Ethnic and religious structure ....................................................................................................................... 31 1.3. Tribal structure ............................................................................................................................................... 33 2. Living conditions .......................................................................................................................................... 33 3. IDPs and returnees ...................................................................................................................................... 37 3.1. Profile .............................................................................................................................................................. 37 3.2. Challenges facing IDPs and returnees ........................................................................................................... 39 3.3. Support for IDPs from international organisations and NGOs .................................................................... 42 3.4. Return process ............................................................................................................................................... 44 4. Disadvantaged host community groups ..................................................................................................... 45 5. Community peace-building and reconciliation .......................................................................................... 48 III. Economic profile .................................................................................................................................... 51 1. Economic development ............................................................................................................................... 51 2. Industry ........................................................................................................................................................ 55 3. Agriculture .................................................................................................................................................... 58 4. Trade ............................................................................................................................................................. 61 5. Tourism ......................................................................................................................................................... 62 6. Investment ................................................................................................................................................... 65 IV. Public service delivery ............................................................................................................................ 67 1. Housing ......................................................................................................................................................... 67 2. Transport network ....................................................................................................................................... 71 3. Electricity service ......................................................................................................................................... 74 4. Water supply service ................................................................................................................................... 76 5. Wastewater management ........................................................................................................................... 79 6. Waste management .................................................................................................................................... 80 7. Healthcare .................................................................................................................................................... 81 8. Education ..................................................................................................................................................... 83 5 LADP in Iraq – Nineveh PRP V. Governance ............................................................................................................................................ 91 1. Local governance bodies ............................................................................................................................. 91 2. Governorate budget .................................................................................................................................... 91 3. Departments of the Governorate Administration ..................................................................................... 92 VI. SWOT analysis ........................................................................................................................................ 93 VII. Strategic objectives ................................................................................................................................ 94 VIII. Programmes (priority areas for development) ....................................................................................... 95 1. Programme 1: Ensure reconciliation between communities .................................................................... 95 2. Programme 2: Ensure the return of IDPs ................................................................................................... 96 3. Programme 3: Provide support to help overcome social challenges ....................................................... 98 4. Programme 4: Reconstruct and develop the transport network ........................................................... 100 5. Programme 5: Restore and improve the electricity service ................................................................... 101 6. Programme 6: Restore and