UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI FAKULTETA ZA ŠPORT Športna vzgoja POVEZANOST MED TEKMOVALNO UČINKOVITOSTJO IN UVRSTITVIJO EKIP V 1. SLOVENSKI KOŠARKARSKI LIGI DIPLOMSKO DELO MENTOR: Dr. Frane Erčulj Avtor dela RECENZENT: TILEN ZALAR Dr. Goran Vučković Ljubljana, 2016 Zahvala Mojemu mentorju, prof. dr. Franetu Erčulju, za koristne nasvete in potrpežljivo usmerjanje ob nastajanju diplomske naloge. Moji družini, ki mi je študij omogočila, me podpirala in mi vsa ta leta stala ob strani. Anji, ki me je usmerjala na pravo pot in me vzpodbujala ob pisanju diplomske naloge, ko je bilo meni najtežje. - 2- - 2 - Ključne besede: Košarka, igralna uspešnost, igralna učinkovitost, statistika. POVEZANOST MED TEKMOVALNO UČINKOVITOSTJO IN UVRSTITIVIJO EKIP V 1. SLOVENSKI KOŠARKARSKI LIGI Tilen Zalar IZVLEČEK: Cilj moje diplomske naloge je bil ugotoviti povezanost med igralno učinkovitostjo in tekmovalno uspešnostjo (uvrstitvijo ekip) v 1. slovenski košarkarski ligi in hkrati priti do zaključka, kakšen je medsebojni vpliv teh dveh spremenljivk. Moj namen je bil ovrednotiti model igralne učinkovitosti na nivoju 1. SKL, ki se ugotavlja s pomočjo indeksa EFF in ugotoviti, kateri parametri igralne učinkovitosti so bolj in kateri manj povezani s tekmovalno uspešnostjo (uvrstitvijo na lestvici). Rezultati kaţejo, da je ekipa, ki ima najvišji skupni indeks učinkovitosti tudi najvišje uvrščena na lestvici, in sicer se je tako izkazalo v obeh delih tekmovanja, ki sem ju analiziral. Prav tako sem potrdil hipotezo, da ima v večini primerov zmagovalna ekipa na tekmi višji indeks učinkovitosti. To velja tako v prvem, kot v drugem delu tekmovanja (ligi za prvaka), v katerem so nastopale bolj izenačene ekipe. Rezultati tudi potrjujejo hipotezo, da imajo slabše uvrščene ekipe manjšo razliko med lastnim EFF in EFF njenih nasprotnikov skozi celotno sezono in to v obeh delih tekmovanja. Skozi preverjanje hipotez sem ugotovil, da obstaja močna povezanost med igralno učinkovitostjo in uspešnostjo oziroma uvrstitvijo ekip na lestvici, vendar hkrati tudi to, da bi bila za podrobnejšo analizo potrebna nadaljnja raziskovanja. - 3- - 3 - Key words: Basketball, playing successfulness, playing efficiency, statistics. CONNECTION BETWEEN COMPETITION EFFICIENCY AND TEAMS PLACING IN FIRST SLOVENIAN BASKETBALL LEAGUE SUMMARY: The objective of my diploma was to find out what is the connection between competition efficiency and teams placing in first Slovenian basketball league and how big is the influence between these two variables. My intention was to evaluate the model of competition efficiency on the level of first Slovenian basketball league and to find out which parameters of the efficiency are more and which less connected with playing successfulness (placing scale) and what is the meaning of parameters considering the successfulness. I used quantitative method and I found out that the team with better efficiency takes the higher place on the scale of rating, in both parts of competition. I also proved the hypothesis that the winner of the game is the team that has higher index of efficiency. The same happened in the league for the champion. The last, third hypothesis says that the best team on the scale rating has the bigger difference between its own efficiency and the efficiency of opposite teams throughout the season. The fact is that the better (worse) is the placing; the lower is the difference between the efficiency, considering the first and the second part of the competition. Throughout the hypothesis testing I found out that there is a strong connection between competition efficiency and teams placing, but also that at the same point there is a need for more detailed analyze in the future. - 4- - 4 - KAZALO 1. UVOD ........................................................................................................................... - 7 - 1.1. Košarka – Sestavni del mojega življenja ........................................................ - 7 - 2. KOŠARKA ................................................................................................................... - 8 - 2.1. Napad ................................................................................................................. - 9 - 2.2. Obramba ........................................................................................................... - 9 - 2.3. Razvoj košarke................................................................................................ - 10 - 2.3.1. Košarka danes ............................................................................................ - 11 - 2.4. Statistični zapis ............................................................................................... - 11 - 2.5. Igralna uspešnost in učinkovitost .................................................................. - 13 - 2.5.1 Celotna, delna in posamična igralna uspešnost in učinkovitost ................... - 13 - 2.5.2. Igralna uspešnost ............................................................................................. - 14 - 2.5.3. Igralna učinkovitost ........................................................................................ - 14 - 2.6. Organizacija članskih klubskih tekmovanj v okviru KZS ......................... - 16 - 2.6. 1. Liga Telemach ................................................................................................ - 17 - 3. PREDMET, PROBLEM IN NAMEN NALOGE ................................................... - 19 - 3.1. Cilji................................................................................................................... - 20 - 3.2. Hipoteze ........................................................................................................... - 20 - 4. METODE DELA ....................................................................................................... - 21 - 4.1. Način zbiranja podatkov ................................................................................ - 21 - 4.2. Pripomočki ...................................................................................................... - 21 - 4.3. Postopek........................................................................................................... - 21 - 5. REZULTATI Z RAZPRAVO .................................................................................. - 22 - 5.1. Povezanost med uvrstitvijo na lestvici in skupnim indeksom učinkovitosti EFF - 22 - 5.2. Povezanost med zmago ekipe in njenim indeksom učinkovitosti ............... - 25 - 5.3. Povezanost med uvrstitvijo na lestvici in razliko med EFF posamezne ekipe in EFF njenih nasprotnikov skozi celotno sezono. ..................................................... - 32 - 6. SKLEP ........................................................................................................................ - 36 - 7. VIRI IN LITERATURA ........................................................................................... - 38 - - 5- - 5 - KAZALO TABEL Tabela 1 ...................................................................................................................................... 8 Tabela 2 .................................................................................................................................... 15 Tabela 3 .................................................................................................................................... 21 Tabela 4 .................................................................................................................................... 21 Tabela 5 .................................................................................................................................... 22 Tabela 6 .................................................................................................................................... 22 Tabela 7 .................................................................................................................................... 23 Tabela 8 .................................................................................................................................... 26 Tabela 9 .................................................................................................................................... 26 Tabela 10 .................................................................................................................................. 28 Tabela 11 .................................................................................................................................. 28 Tabela 12 .................................................................................................................................. 29 Tabela 13 .................................................................................................................................. 29 Tabela 14 .................................................................................................................................. 30 - 6- - 6 - 1. UVOD 1.1. Košarka – Sestavni del mojega življenja Košarka je sestavni del mojega ţivljenja ţe od mladih nog. Pri osmih letih sem se vpisal v kroţek košarke in ta je postala del mojega vsakdanjika, saj jo treniram še dandanes. Kot majhni smo preţiveli ure in ure na igrišču, se zabavali ter poizkušali doseči čim več košev in čim večkrat preigrati nasprotnika. Veselja je bilo veliko pa tudi druţenje ni bilo zanemarljivo, saj smo praktično vsi prijatelji in sošolci igrali košarko. Ţe takrat me je prevzela dinamika igre in pa to,