DATA FOR 2015 DATA Peoples in Brazil Peoples the Indigenous Violence against Violence REPORT REPORT Violence against the Indigenous Peoples in Brazil DATA FOR 2015 REPORT Violence against the Indigenous Peoples in Brazil D ATA FOR 2015 REPORT Violence against the Indigenous Peoples in Brazil D ATA FOR 2015 This publication was supported by Rosa Luxemburg Foundation with funds from the Federal Ministry for Economic and German Development Cooperation (BMZ). SUPPORT EMBASSY OF NORWAY This report is published by the Indigenist Missionary Council (Conselho Indigenista Missionário - Cimi), an entity attached to the National Conference of Brazilian Bishops (Conferência Nacional dos Bispos do Brasil - CNBB) PRESIDENT Dom Roque Paloschi www.cimi.org.br REPORT Violence against the Indigenous Peoples in Brazil – Data for 2015 ISSN 1984-7645 RESEARCH COORDINATOR Lúcia Helena Rangel RESEARCH AND DATA SURVEY Cimi Regional Groups and Documentation Center DATA TABLES ORGANIZATION Eduardo Holanda, Leda Bosi and Marluce Ângelo da Silva DATA TABLES REVISION Lúcia Helena Rangel and Roberto Antonio Liebgott IMAGE SELECTION Aida Cruz EDITING Patrícia Bonilha DIAGRAMMING Licurgo S. Botelho COVER PHOTO Ruy Sposati “They tried to bury us but they did not realize that we were seeds...” We dedicate this edition to the memory of the 40 years since the martyrdom of Simão Bororo and of Father Rodolfo Lunkenbein, assassinated on July 15 by invaders of the Bororó territory in Mato Grosso. Unfortunately, up to this day, the very same violence, genocidal and unpunished, is still being practiced against the indigenous peoples “on the ground” in all regions of Brazil while, for their allies, “new martyrdoms” are being prepared in the offices of politicians and those who can only visualize the sacred lands of the peoples in terms of money. In that regard, the resurgence of the Parliamentary Committees of Inquiry (PCI) is highly emblematic and one of the strategies used to guarantee that the Indians and the traditional communities shall be stripped of their rights, in addition to attempting to criminalize them, and criminalize their allies. Let it be then, that in spite of the overwhelming challenge of the current situation, we may celebrate, in the very best way, the memory of our martyrs and the centuries-long resilience of the native peoples of Brazil. For, as Dom Pedro Casaldáliga teaches us, “such an attitude embraces the same causes for which they gave their lives”. CONTENTS PREFACE Ruy Sposati 11 For How Long? Dom Roque Paloschi 13 From Projects to Projectiles: the trajectory of violence against the indigenous peoples in Brazil Cleber César Buzatto INTRODUCTION 17 Is there a war on indigenous people in Brazil? Lucia Helena Rangel and Roberto Liebgott ARTICLES 22 A wicked and unacceptable reality Matias Rempel and Roberto Liebgott 27 The indigenous peoples and their access to the Law Adelar Cupsinski, Alessandra Farias and Rafael Modesto 30 UN risk analysis framework: configuration of a risk of atrocity situation Fernanda Frizzo Bragato and Paulo Gilberto Cogo Leivas 34 Progress in budget transparency and execution is needed Ricardo Verdum 40 Mining: a devastating threat Guenter Francisco Loebens 42 PCI of the Cimi: an old maneuver to debilitate the indigenous peoples Egon Heck CHAPTER I CHAPTER II Violence against the Heritage Violence against the Person 49 Omission and sluggishness in regularization 83 Assassination of the lands 92 Attempted Murder 68 Conflicts associated to territorial rights 98 Manslaughter 101 Threat to Kill 72 Invasions to take possession, 104 Various Types of Threat illegal exploitation of natural resources and other forms of damage to the heritage 109 Deliberate Bodily Harm 111 Abuse of Power 114 Racism and Ethnic-cultural Discrimination 117 Sexual Violence REPORT – Violence against the Indigenous Peoples in Brazil – Data for 2015 Indigenist Missionary Council (Conselho Indigenista Missionário - Cimi) 6 CHAPTER III CHAPTER IV Violence by Omission of the Authorities Violence against Isolated Peoples and those with Little Contact 120 Suicide 151 “Development” over and above life itself 121 Inadequate health care provision 156 List of Isolated Indigenous Peoples in Brazil 130 Death from inadequate health care provision 131 Infant Mortality CHAPTER V 133 Dissemination of alcoholic beverages Memory and Justice and other drugs 163 The forced removal of the Pataxó Hã-Hã-Hãe people 135 Lack of assistance in indigenous schooling 142 General lack of assistance ATTACHMENT 170 Summary of Violence against the Indigenous Peoples in Brazil CIMI 174 Indigenist Missionary Council REPORT – Violence against the Indigenous Peoples in Brazil – Data for 2015 7 Indigenist Missionary Council (Conselho Indigenista Missionário - Cimi) ACRONYMS AGU – Advocacia Geral da União (Office Condisi – Conselho Distrital de Saúde GT – Grupo de Trabalho (Work Group) of the Federal Attorney General) Indígena (District Indigenous Health GT – Grupo Técnico da Funai (Funai Aneel – Agência Nacional de Energia Council) Technical Group) Elétrica (National Electricity Board) Conjur – Consultoria Jurídica junto HAY – Hutukara Associação Yanomami Apoinme – Articulação dos Povos ao Ministério da Justiça (Internal Legal (Hutukari Yanomami Association) Advisory Body of the Ministry of Justice) Indígenas do Nordeste, Minas Gerais Ibama – Instituto Brasileiro do Meio e Espírito Santo (Articulation of the CPI – Comissão Parlamentar de Inquérito Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Indigenous Peoples of the Northeast, (Parliamentary Committee of Inquiry) Renováveis (Brazilian Institute for the Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo) CPI – Comissão Pró Índio (Pro-Indian Environment and Renewable Natural Arpinsul – Articulação dos Povo Committee) Resources) Indígenas da Região Sul (Articulation of CPT – Comissão Pastoral da Terra IBGE – Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia the Indigenous Peoples of the Southern (Pastoral Committee for the Land) e Estatística (Brazilian Statistics and Region) CTI – Centro de Trabalho Indigenista Geography Institute) Ater – Assistência Técnica e Extensão (Indigenist Work Center) IBDF – Instituto Brasileiro de Rural (Technical Assistance and Rural – Coordenação Técnica Local (Local Desenvolvimento Florestal (Brazilian Extension) CTL Technical Coordination) Forest Development Institute) BID – Banco Interamericano de – Direitos Humanos, Econômicos, ICMBio – Instituto Chico Mendes de Desenvolvimento (Inter-American Dhesca Sociais, Culturais e Ambientais Conservação da Biodiversidade(Chico Development Bank) (Environmental, Cultural, Social Economic Mendes Institute for Biodiversity BNDES – Banco Nacional de and Human Rights) Conservation) Desenvolvimento Econômico e – Departamento Nacional de IML – Instituto Médico Legal (Forensic Social (National Social and Economic Dnit Infraestrutura de Transportes (National Medicine Institute) Development Bank) Transport Infrastructure Department) Incra – Instituto Nacional de Colonização CAR – Cadastro Ambiental Rural (Rural – Diário Oficial da União (Official e Reforma Agrária (National Settlement Environmental Register) DOU Federal Government Gazette) and Agrarian Reform Institute) Casai – Casa de Apoio à Saúde Indígena – Distrito Sanitário Especial Indígena Inpe – Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas (Indigenous Health Support Hostel) Dsei (Special Indigenous Health District) Espaciais (National Space Research CDHM – Comissão de Direitos Humanos Institute) – Empresa Brasileira de Comunicação e Minorias (Human and Minorities Rights EBC (Brazilian Communication Company) Insi – Instituto Nacional de Saúde Commission) Indígena (National Indigenous Health ECI – Estudo do Componente CF – Constituição Federal (Federal Institute) Indígena(Indigenous Component Study) Constitution) INSS – Instituto Nacional de Seguro Social EIA – Estudo de Impacto Ambiental CGK – Conselho de Gestão Ka’apor (National Social Security Institute) (Environmental Impact Study) (Ka’apor Administrative Council) Iphan – Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico Fafimc – Faculdade de Filosofia Nossa Cimi – Conselho Indigenista Missionário e Artístico Nacional (National Artistic and Senhora da Imaculada Conceição (Nossa (Indigenist Missionary Council) Historical Heritage Institute) Senhora da Imaculada Conceição Faculty CIR – Conselho Indígena de Roraima of Philosophy) Iirsa – Iniciativa de Integração da (Indigenous Council of Roraima) Infraestrutura Regional Sul-Americana – Federação Indígena das Nações Finpat (South American Regional Infrastructure Cisi – Comissão Intersetorial de Saúde Pataxó e Tupinambá (Indigenous Integration Initiative) Indígena (Indigenous Health Inter-sector Federation of the Pataxó and Tupinambá Committee) Nations) ISA – Instituto Socioambiental (Socio- environmental Institute) CNA – Confederação da Agricultura Focimp - Federação das Organizações e e Pecuária do Brasil (Agriculture and Comunidades indígenas do Médio Purus Kooportarupi – Associacao Kaapor Ta Livestock Confederation of Brazil) (Middle Purus Indigenous Organizations Hury do Rio Gurupi (Gurupi River Ka’apor CNDH – Conselho Nacional de Direitos and Communities Federation) Hury Association) Humanos (National Human Rights Foirn – Federação das Organizações LOA – Lei Orçamentária Anual (Annual Council) Indígenas do Alto Rio Negro (Upper Budget Bill) CNV – Comissão Nacional da Verdade Rio Negro Indigenous Organizations MDA – Ministério do Desenvolvimento (National Commission for the Truth) Federation) Agrário (Ministry of Agrarian Coiab – Coordenação das Organizações Funai – Fundação Nacional