Index for History 100BC-2011 with approx page numbering 1st century BC 2 1st century 11 2nd century 20 3rd century 28 4th century 37 5th century 46 6th century 55 7th century 64 8th century 73 9th century 81 10th century 90 11th century 99 12th century 108 13th century 117 14th century 125 15th century 134 16th century 143 17th century 152 18th century 161 19th century 170 20th century 178 21st century 187 http://cd3wd.com wikipedia-for-schools http://gutenberg.org page no: 1 of 194 1st century BC zim:///A/1st_century_BC.html 1st century BC 2008/9 Schools Wikipedia Selection. Related subjects: General history Millennium: 1st millennium BC The 1st century BC started the first day of 100 BC and ended the last day of 1 BC. It is Centuries: 2nd century BC · 1st century BC · 1st century considered part of the Classical era, epoch, or historical period. An alternative name for this Decades: 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC century is the last century BC . The AD/BC notation does not use a year zero; however, 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC 0s BC astronomical year numbering does use a minus sign, so '2 BC' is equal to 'year -1'. Categories: Births – Deaths In the course of the century all the remaining independent lands surrounding the Mediterranean Establishments – Disestablishments were steadily brought under Roman control, being ruled either directly under governors or through puppet kings appointed by Rome. The Roman state itself was plunged into civil war several times, finally resulting in the marginalization of its 500 year old republic, and the embodiment of total state power in a single man - the emperor. The internal turbulence which plagued Rome at this time can be seen as the last death throes of the Roman Republic, as it finally gave way to the autocratic ambitions of powerful men like Julius Caesar, Mark Antony and Octavian. Octavian's ascension to total power as the emperor Augustus is considered to mark the point in history where the Roman Republic ends and the Roman Empire begins. Some scholars refer to this event as the Roman Revolution. It is generally concluded that the birth of Jesus, the central figure of Christianity took place at the close of this century. Events Eastern Hemisphere at the beginning of the 1st century BC. 92 BC Lucullus invades Armenia, setting off the centuries long Roman vs Persian Wars. 81 BC Sulla is appointed dictator of the Roman state, and brings about major reforms. 73 BC A slave rebellion lead by the escaped gladiator Spartacus leads to the Third Servile War. 63 BC Pompey captures Jerusalem, and establishes Roman annexation of Judea as a client kingdom. King Judah Aristobulus II removed from power, while his brother John Hyrcanus II becomes king under Roman suzerainty. 57 BC Silla is founded in southeastern Korea (traditional date according to Samguk Sagi , a 12th century AD historical document). 53 BC The Parthians defeat the Romans under Crassus in the Battle of Carrhae 49 BC January 10: Julius Caesar crossed the Rubicon river, precipitating war with Rome 44 BC Julius Caesar murdered 37 BC Goguryeo is founded in southern Manchuria (traditional date according to Samguk Sagi ) Eastern Hemisphere at the end of the 1st century BC. http://cd3wd.com wikipedia-for-schools http://gutenberg.org page no: 2 of 194 1 of 5 02/09/2011 09:40 1st century BC zim:///A/1st_century_BC.html 31 BC Roman Civil War: Battle of Actium - Off the western coast of Greece, forces of Octavian defeat troops under Mark Antony and Cleopatra. 27 BC The Roman Senate votes Octavian the title of Augustus. Augustus eventually assumes all authority formerly held by the Roman senate becoming the first emperor. The Roman state is henceforth known as the Roman Empire, and the period from 27 BC to AD 305 as the Principate. 18 BC Baekje is founded in midwestern Korea (traditional date according to Samguk Sagi ) c. 6 to 4 BC Birth of Jesus of Nazareth (see Chronology of Jesus' birth and death and Anno Domini for further details) Significant persons http://cd3wd.com wikipedia-for-schools http://gutenberg.org page no: 3 of 194 2 of 5 02/09/2011 09:40 1st century BC zim:///A/1st_century_BC.html Cicero Denouncing Catiline by Cesare Maccari.One of several political conflicts in the Roman Republic during this century http://cd3wd.com wikipedia-for-schools http://gutenberg.org page no: 4 of 194 3 of 5 02/09/2011 09:40 1st century BC zim:///A/1st_century_BC.html Burebista, greatest king of Dacia Catiline, attempted to overthrow Roman Republic Caesar Augustus, Roman emperor Cicero, Roman politician and writer Cleopatra VII of Egypt, Egyptian ruler Herod the Great Hillel the Elder, Jewish rabbi Horace, Roman poet Jesus of Nazareth, central figure of Christianity Jing Fang, Chinese mathematician and music theorist Julius Caesar, Roman politician Livy, Roman historian Lucretius, Roman philosopher Marcus Antonius, Roman politician Marcus Junius Brutus, Caesar's adopted son, supposedly killed him Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, Roman statesman and general Marcus Vitruvius Pollio Roman writer, architect and engineer Sextus Pompeius, Roman general Ptolemy XIII of Egypt, drowned in Nile Ovid, Roman poet An ancient stone tablet depicting Cleopatra Virgil, Roman poet VII and Ptolemy XV Philopator Philometor Spartacus, gladiator Caesar, Alexandria, Egypt. These two rulers Sima Qian, Chinese historian, father of Chinese historiography were the last Pharaohs Tigranes the Great, king of Armenia Inventions, discoveries, introductions Sunspots, first recorded by Chinese The Antikythera mechanism is made The first dome was built by the Romans Glass blowing is invented in Roman Syria The Chinese Ji Jiu Pian dictionary published in 40 BC during the Han Dynasty is the earliest known reference to the hydraulic-powered trip hammer device. Decades and years http://cd3wd.com wikipedia-for-schools http://gutenberg.org page no: 5 of 194 4 of 5 02/09/2011 09:40 1st century BC zim:///A/1st_century_BC.html Retrieved from " http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1st_century_BC" This Wikipedia Selection has a sponsor: SOS Children , and is a hand-chosen selection of article versions from the English Wikipedia edited only by deletion (see www.wikipedia.org for details of authors and sources). The articles are available under the GNU Free Documentation License. See also our http://cd3wd.com wikipedia-for-schools http://gutenberg.org page no: 6 of 194 5 of 5 02/09/2011 09:40 1st century zim:///A/1st_century.html 1st century 2008/9 Schools Wikipedia Selection. Related subjects: General history Millennium: 1st millennium The 1st century was that century that lasted from 1 to 100 according the Gregorian calendar. It is Centuries: 1st century BC · 1st century · 2nd century considered part of the Classical era, epoch, or historical period Decades: 0s 10s 20s 30s 40s 50s 60s 70s 80s 90s During this period Europe, North Africa and the Near East fell under increasing domination by the Roman Empire, which continued expanding, most notably conquering Britain under the emperor Categories: Births – Deaths Claudius ( 43). The reforms introduced by Augustus during his long reign stabilized the empire after Establishments – Disestablishments the turmoil of the previous century's civil wars. Later in the century the Julio-Claudian Dynasty, which had been founded by Augustus came to an end with the death of Nero in 68. There followed the famous Year of Four Emperors, a brief period of civil war and instability, which was finally brought to an end by Vespasian, 9th Roman emperor, and founder of the Flavian Dynasty. China continued to be dominated by the Han Dynasty, depite a 14 year interruption by the Xin dynasty under Wang Mang. Han rule was restored in 23; Wang Mang's rule represents the watershed between the Western/Former Han and the Eastern/Later Han. The capital was also moved from Chang'an to Luoyang. Christianity Eastern Hemisphere at the beginning of the 1st According to the New Testament, during the reign of Tiberius, Jesus, a religious teacher from Galilee, was century AD. crucified in Judea for bringing a new religion in the unstable region. Over the next few decades his followers carried his message far and wide, eventually introducing it to Rome itself. Roman rulers began to persecute the new sect almost immediately, and would continue to do so for centuries, sometimes vigorously, and other times passively, until Christianity was eventually taken up by the emperor Constantine, and later established as the official religion of the Roman state. Events and economy Eastern Hemisphere at the end of the 1st century AD. http://cd3wd.com wikipedia-for-schools http://gutenberg.org page no: 7 of 194 1 of 5 02/09/2011 09:41 1st century zim:///A/1st_century.html . 1: Lions became extinct in Western Europe. c.6: Census of Quirinius 8– 23: Wang Mang temporarily overthrew the Han dynasty of China. 9: Three Roman legions were ambushed and destroyed at Teutoberg Forest by Germans under the leadership of Arminius. 14: Augustus Caesar, first emperor of Rome, dies. His nephew Tiberius is his successor. 28– 75: Emperor Ming of Han, Buddhism reaches China. 27– 36: Crucifixion of Jesus Christ. Death of Jesus. Masoretes adds vowel pointings to the text of the Tanakh, the Hebrew Bible. Buddhist monks in Sri Lanka first write down Buddha's teachings, creating the Pali canon. Tacitus mentions the Suiones, who will one day be called the Swedes. Kaundinya, an Indian Brahmin marries Soma and establishes the Pre-Angkor Cambodian Kingdom of Funan. The skeleton called the The Goths settle in northern Poland, which they called Gothiscandza, and shape the Wielbark culture.