Constitutional Law – First Semester WHAT IS CONSTITUTIONAL LAW? ................................................................................................................................. 3 UNWRITTEN CONSTITUTIONAL PRINCIPLES .................................................................................................................. 3 WHAT IS A REFERENCE CASE? SUPREME COURT ACT RSC 1985 ..................................................................................................... 3 Reference re Secession of Quebec (1998) 2 SCR 217 ..................................................................................................... 3 Reference re Senate Reform (2014) SCC 32 ................................................................................................................... 4 British Columbia v Imperial Tobacco Canada Ltd. [2005] 2 SCR 473 [Criticisms of Unwritten Principles] ..................... 5 BC v Christie 2007 SCC 21 .............................................................................................................................................. 5 CONSTITUTIONAL INTERPRETATION ............................................................................................................................. 5 Living tree doctrine: ....................................................................................................................................................... 5 Dead tree doctrine: ........................................................................................................................................................ 5 ‘PERSONS CASE’ CONSTITUTION ACT, 1867 S. 24 ....................................................................................................................... 6 Reference re Meaning of the Word ‘Persons’ in Section 24 of the BNA, 1867 ............................................................... 6 Edwards v Canada (Attorney General) [1930] AC 123 (PC) ........................................................................................... 6 CONSTITUTIONAL ARCHITECTURE ................................................................................................................................ 7 National Federation of Independent Business v Sebelius (SC of US) 2012 ..................................................................... 7 MODERN CANADIAN FEDERALISM ............................................................................................................................... 8 THE PRIVY COUNCIL’S EARLY FEDERALISM JURISPRUDENCE ............................................................................................................ 8 Citizens Insurance Company v Parsons (1881) 7 AC 96 (PC) .......................................................................................... 8 Russell v The Queen (1882) 7 AC 829 (PC) ..................................................................................................................... 9 Hodge v The Queen (1983) 9 AC 117 PC ...................................................................................................................... 10 THE GREAT DEPRESSION + THE NEW DEAL CASES (P. 167-187) .................................................................................... 11 Reference re The Board of Commerce Act, 1919 + The Combines Fair Prices Act, 1919 [1922] (PC) ........................... 11 Fort Frances Pulp and Paper Company v Manitoba Free Press Company [1923] AC 695 (PC) .................................... 12 Toronto Electric Commissioners v Snider [1925] (PC) .................................................................................................. 12 R. Simeon and I. Robinson, State, Society, and the Development of Canadian Federalism (Toronto, 1990) ............... 13 The Statute Of Westminster (1931) ............................................................................................................................. 13 Hope for POGG? [Aeronautics/Radio] ......................................................................................................................... 13 AG Canada v AG Ontario (Labor Conventions) [1937] (PC) .......................................................................................... 14 AG Canada v AG Ontario (The Employment and Social Insurance Act) [1937] (PC) .................................................... 15 AG British Columbia v AG Canada (The Natural Products Marketing Act) [1937] (PC) [POGG restricted] .................. 16 PITH + SUBSTANCE (P. 207) ......................................................................................................................................... 17 K. Swinton, The Supreme Court and Canadian Federalism: The Laskin-Dickson Years 1990 ....................................... 17 W.R. Lederman, ‘Classification of Laws and the BNA Act’ 1981 .................................................................................. 18 Canadian Western Bank v Alberta [2007] .................................................................................................................... 18 R v Morgentaler [1993] 3 SCR 463, 107 DLR (4th) 537 ................................................................................................ 19 PITH AND SUBSTANCE TEST .................................................................................................................................................... 20 DOUBLE ASPECT DOCTRINE ........................................................................................................................................ 20 Multiple Access Ltd. v McCutcheon [1982] 2 SCR 161 ................................................................................................. 21 ANCILLARY DOCTRINE [OCTOPUS TENTACLE] ............................................................................................................. 22 General Motors of Canada Ltd. City National Leasing [1989] 1 SCR 641 *Sets out ancillary doctrine test; general regulation of trade (s. 91(2)) ...................................................................................................................................... 22 Quebec Attorney General v Lacombe 2010 SCC 38 ...................................................................................................... 23 INTERJURISDICTIONAL IMMUNITY [CASTLE WALLS] .................................................................................................... 24 Canadian Western Bank v The Queen in Right of Alberta [2007] 2 SCR 3 ................................................................... 25 1 Quebec (Attorney General) v Canadian Owners and Pilots Association 2010 SCC 39 [Test for IJI] ............................. 26 Canada v. PHS Community Services Society, 2011 SCC 44 [Insite] ............................................................................... 27 Bank of Montreal v. Marcotte, 2014 SCC 55 ................................................................................................................ 28 OPERABILITY – THE PARAMOUNTCY DOCTRINE .......................................................................................................... 28 Multiple Access Ltd. v McCutcheon [1982] 2 SCR 161 ................................................................................................. 29 Bank of Montreal v Hall [1990] 1 SCR 121 [purposive approach] ................................................................................ 29 Rothmans, Benson, & Hedges Inc. v Saskatchewan [2005] 1 SCR 188 ........................................................................ 30 PEACE, ORDER, AND GOOD GOVERNMENT (P. 323-335) ............................................................................................. 31 Reference re Anti-Inflation Act [1976] 2 SCR 373, 68 DLR (3d) 452 ............................................................................. 31 R v Crown Zellerbach Canada Ltd [1988] 1 SCR 401 (p. 323) ....................................................................................... 32 POGG and the Environment: Friends of the Oldman River Society v. Canada (Minister of Transport) [1992] 1 S.C.R. 3. ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 33 PROVINCIAL POWERS OVER ECONOMIC REGULATION ................................................................................................ 34 Carnation Co Ltd. v Quebec Agricultural Marketing Board [1968] SCR 238, 67 DLR (2d) 1 ......................................... 34 AG Manitoba v Manitoba Egg and Poultry Association ............................................................................................... 35 Re Agricultural Products Marketing Act, [1978] 2 S.C.R. 1198. ................................................................................... 35 REGULATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES ...................................................................................................................... 36 R Simeon and I Robinson, State, Society, and the Development of Canadian Federalism ............. Error! Bookmark not defined. Canadian Industrial Gas and Oil Ltd. v Government of Saskatchewan [1978] 2 SCR 545, 80 DLR (3d) 449 [CIGOL] ... 36 Central Canada Potash Co. Ltd. v Government of Saskatchewan [1979] 1 SCR 42, 88 DLR (3d) 609 .......................... 37 GENERAL REGULATION OF TRADE .............................................................................................................................