International Journal of Speleology 40 (1) 53-64 Tampa, FL (USA) January 2011 Available online at www.ijs.speleo.it & scholarcommons.usf.edu/ijs/ International Journal of Speleology \ Eogenetic caves in conglomerate: an example from Udin Boršt, Slovenia Matej Lipar1X\!2 Abstract: Lipar M., Ferk M., 2011. Eogenetic caves in conglomerate: an example from Udin Boršt, Slovenia. International Journal of Speleology, 40(1), 53-64. Tampa, FL (USA). ISSN 0392-6672. DOI: 10.5038/1827-806X.40.1.7 [ \ !"#$ $% &$&' &*$ Keywords: eogenetic; caves; conglomerate; Slovenia; Udin Boršt Received 27 October 2010; Revised 30 November 2010; Accepted 22 December 2010 INTRODUCTION REGIONAL CHARACTERISTICS The northwestern part of the Ljubljana Basin / O'* @G <G ' 88 ! 'O' " #$ %& 8@<!'2. It lowers gently from the northwest (about '*'+ <^G ' . .& 8 # Q;G ' ./888'!* ..&#\.@&'' 8 8 . 8 9 +]K!/. !' 8 : ;.< !' N#@C^C=@CC;&!#@C9@= ./=8!/ @C9D&8*'+ 8 ' ! #>8= #ZX8+!/!#@CGC& @CD@E!=;GG<E=;GG<&=8! &. >= 8 #!=@C9D&!#>8=@CD@&. 8'*8+ K8 ' 8 8 = #"&#=;GG<*+!d=;GG<&. '888 %k* 8 ' 8 /8** '#=@C<<& 888]8* 88!'. '8*. N = \ 8 K8'#q . $8 8 8 CGv&:#q@Gv&'#Z.= 8 8 ;GG<&=88X* '!! #d\88=@C9^&.%' ' / O'. '* '= 8 : K8 ' 8 8 \ ' '* kZ #= @C<<&. !=88* *=** '8*8' 8'.K8 . 'kZ8' O.K8'8''* 8 * O #= 1!P=QGGG=.R'V'. @C<<E!=@C9D&. W'.'.%8 K8!*'."* 2NX!8=8% '* #'O& * 8N'*N=!. 8 * * @P=@GGGY=.R'V'.!WZ:Z. '= 8 * 54 Matej Lipar and Mateja Ferk *'8 !. K8 ] 8 ;<x.>=.8 8: 8 '* ' 8' . K8 '#&88 / ' Q9G x #+8=;GG<&. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND The term eogenetic K8'=88k** #$ d /*= ;GGP&= * %8k d +* #@C9G& P8 ' \ 8 *'!88 \ ] * 8 8 ' 8 8 O'* 8 Q #%8k d +*= @C9G= . ;@C&. K8 = * 8 8*=8'8 8*'='*O* 8'8'. K8O8'' k= k= *'* k '* #$ d /*= ;GGP&. K 8'8' ' = 8 ' 8 '"+$< : &$=>?@M+HK*>?PM #%8kd+*=@C9G&. Q*>?#MRH*>??MVH*"W>#MQK K8 ' ' Y*"W>?MYZ$[*"W>>M\$+$ 8 8 ' ! ! #}8 d [*"W>]M+\$*"W]"M+^K*P">"MZ6 X*=;GG;E\d}8=;GG^E'=;GG^E *P@]"M+^K*P#``M[Z$6$ d = ;GG9&. * 8 8 b6*P?`PMhK6*?`#WMZ6K\$K$ ' * ! # ! QK$*"WWj#MRKZ 8&= * #@C^D&= 8 #'=;GG^&.>=8 '. >= '* ! = *: !#;GG<&8' '8 88." #'=;GG^&=88 * #'O *&= : 8#}8dX*=;GG;&. **8 :#x!*&. Porosity z'*=/8\ N Y #;GG9&= ! k 88\88 8Z * * *V 8Y!#Y * *= 88 * 8 /&Y!/#YX&#d '*#'''O*#\ \88=@C9^&. d $'= ;GG9&& * * #= K /V =*#\d$'=;GG9&&= ! = 88 ' 8 8 ' 8 '* #%8k d 8: 8 = ]: +*= @C9G&. } 8 =88'88 *=88* 8: 8 . X * 8 * #.. = '8 = = 8'==&.K8* !*'.N 8\:8: '8/ #Y=;GG9&.+'** *+!d#;GG<&. ! = 8 * * K8 8 = 88 * # \ & 8 8=8*\ ! #%8k d +*= @C9G&. \8'= ' 8 8 8 8 ** k '' * #!= = ' * #& * ;GG<&. 8 / PC 8 *#\d$'=;GG9&. International Journal of Speleology, 40 (1), 53-64. Tampa, FL (USA). January 2011 Eogenetic caves in conglomerate: an example from Udin Boršt, Slovenia 55 888=' :8*'*]' '#/=;GGPE'=;GG^&. X* . #;GG@& ' ' 8 :!. K8]8: 8 '= 88 *'* #X*.=;GG@&. Y888Z *}8dX*#;GG;&.K8** 8' = 8 'j+&$$$&qb$jWW?w *' = 88 * ' *'8 "#*&='** ]8!. O \ '. K8 * N ' 8 *'8'=*'* ! Z= '* ' * ' #}8dX*=;GG;&.Y88 '**.z8= !Z! * ' 8 'O * #'= * = ' 8! ' ;GGCE"$.=;G@G& . $8 8 *. 8'** N * *= * # '&= \ . =\# 8'\ .=;GG<&.\O'=O #%8kd+*=@C9G&. *$8!d'#@CC9& N''**' !!:'*'. *'#;GG^&#\.;&.K8' X 8 * k '* 8 #'O&= \ !88'*8 **8. = 88 8' Eogenetic caves #'= ;GG^&. }8 d R 8 8 X*#;GG;&8':= !' ' ' . >= ! #}8dX*=;GG;&.K*S* * 8Z = ' 8 * k '= 88 8 by many authors (Florea, 2006; Smart et al., 2006; '= 88 #/!= ;GG@& d=;GG9E"$.=;GGC&. ' . k*= % 8 ! 8 ''*P!Q#}8dX*= = * 8 = ;GG;E '= ;GG^E ' .= ;GG^E d 8#>.=@CC<E}8d = ;GG9E " $ .= ;GGC&. >= X*= ;GG;&. ' 8 888 * ' #;GG^& 8 8: #\.=;GG9&. 8 " #&= 8**= . 88=* 8.8= Caves in conglomerate 8' % ' != 8 . ' = 8 \! ' 8 ' .z8=8*8 8 ' 88 *=8 8' 8 'O 8 .K'V 'O Z 8. K8* ' 8#}8dX*=;GG;E'= : } 8Z ' 8 ;GG^&*8 '8* 8 !#&8N#8 + ' %= . et al., 2010). \ 8 ] #:8& / N= ' #;GG^& 8 8Z 8 8 \8Z*'=== \ 8' ' * ' '. } *'Z.K8*''O 8Z'*888 *= ! = ]. #/.=@CC9&. International Journal of Speleology, 40 (1), 53-64. Tampa, FL (USA). January 2011 56 Matej Lipar and Mateja Ferk : % ' X : %8= 8 Y' " % % + X >= *= '* ' #8= ;G@@& 8 ' 8Z 8 8 . 8@P!'*88 = = ' %8. K8 88 8 #' ' *' ' .=;GG<&.='* #Y8;GGPO&. 8 ] ' 8 #\d=;GG<&. : K8!'8 8 ' * = 8 /S8* 8* % . 8 ' ] . 8= * 8 8Q9!'*88Z '= 8* 8 88 '#\=;GGQ&. 8#'.=;GG<&. >= 8 8 '= '*. : \ 8 '* 8 R* CAVES OF UDIN BORŠT '8'=z$Z. /8*=8'/ K 8.8 88.\8'= 8. 8 '8 ! ' 8 K8 @< / #K features (Lapaire et al., 2006). @E\.@&#%N=;G@G&=88 '.*88' : N8 *=K!*= 88=888 * X 8 ' 8#\.@&.K8*'' ' '. \ 8 ! = Z. #;GG<& ' * 8 N'8!='8 '* 8 ' 8 '' = 8 ! % 8 !. z'*= 8 * * 8 8 <PG ' #*= @CD<E "1' d 8 8 8 *=@CCP&. '@+HK<$ International Journal of Speleology, 40 (1), 53-64. Tampa, FL (USA). January 2011 Eogenetic caves in conglomerate: an example from Udin Boršt, Slovenia <9 88*'8 88.%8 '8' !*88 *<GG'8. K8 8 / ' : 8 * K! / 8''*88. / 8 8 ' '* = 8 '!* 88 8 '. RO=8*' 8 O. % 8 8'= q[=VHw .K8*/O. 'P'zK+HK< @DG'x!'28;9;D'O. >=8/ \ * ! . / * '88 8 8 /= * E'=8=! 8. N ' *8''. X 8 #@G& linear stream caves #\. P&E }! Y= N Y!= " /Z= "!= N8 '= N != 8 = +! '8' 8= }!8.K8* 88* ' 8' . K8 q[=VHw 888@''. '#{K!& $8''88Z ! ' . K8* 8 8 Z 8 ' 8' '. R8' ' N8*'NY! 8 8 ' % #\. P&. 8 ].'88 /= 8 ' ". K8 888*.X 8 ! * 8888Z' 88 @PG ' PGG ' . K8 * x #\. Q& D@< ' @P ' #% N= 8*\= ;G@G&.K88*Q^Q' ' * . #;GG<&. >= @^';.<'88=' ]'O* 8\'.N'*8Z '*]#\.<&. ' 8 8 . ' K88*}!Y%. 8='*8 88:/= '8.Y*= 8'8.K8 888Z8.K8' 8 ! * 88 *Z='P'88 @GG'@<G'.K8@@<Q < ' 8 8* . 8 '@^'#%=;G@G&. Z'8'88 K88*QPG' ''88* PG';'88.K8 8=88888 88Z88 **.X8 '88'8. * 8 Z' 8 X8'8Z' #\.Q&.>=' 8].888=' 8 #\. <& 8' 88 8* . '* #\. ^&. K8 RO ' 8 = 8 8 8 8 ' ' '88 *. ]8'8 International Journal of Speleology, 40 (1), 53-64. Tampa, FL (USA). January 2011 58 Matej Lipar and Mateja Ferk '?h$&$|&q[=VHw 'O *. \: * ='=8 =88 '* *. K8 8#8' '88@G'.K88 @@G'&. ''*O8@G'888 z''/\ 8 # = as shelter caves #\. 9&. \ d $' #;GG9& 8 ' &.