XX. No. 5. 25 CENTS A COPY NOVEMBER, 1920. 76e MID-PACIFIC MAGAZINE officid otOn ofthe P ACIFIC '66 UNION ED STATES AUSTRALASIA HAWAII ORIENT TAVA 14 Hi .b.10 dr 1 fit 4. CONDUCTED BY ALEXANDER HUME FORD Volume XX. No. 5. CONTENTS FOR NOVEMBER, 1920. Our Art Section—Pacific Sports 401 ,Native Games of Latin South America - - - - 417 By Franklin Adams of the "Pan American Union" Staff Among the Alaskan Tlinkats 421 By G. E. Kastengren The Australian Coral Isles 427 By Frank Reid of "The Lone Hand Staff" A Missionary Hike in Kauai 431 By J. M. Lydgate The World's Wonderland - - - 435 By C. W. McMurran Something About Japanese Painting - - - - 439 By H. P. Bowie of "The Tourist" Staff The Java Uplands - - - - - - 443 By H. A. Doering Hawaii's Great Opportunity - - - 447 By Riley H. Allen Athletes in China's Army - 451 By Rodney Gilbert Singapore in Story - - - - 455 By S. S. Beet Mountain Tramping in Hawaii - 477 By Lorrin A. Thurston The Filipinos as Scientists 463 By Member of "Far Eastern Review's" Editorial Staff The Great Volcano on Tanna 469 By Emma H. Adams The Climate of Hawaii- - 473 By Lawrence Hite Daingerfield Early Recollections of San Francisco - 459 By Raphael Weill Bulletin of the Pan Pacific Union - - - 481 New Series No. 13 alp n: ih-Parifir Magazine Published by ALEXANDER HUME FORD, Honolulu T. H. Printed by the Honolulu Star-Bulletin, Ltd. Yearly subscriptions in the United States and possessions, $2.50 in advance. Canada and Mexico, $2.75. For all foreign countries, $3.00. Single copies, 25c. Entered as second-class matter at the Honolulu Postoffice. Permission is given to republish articles from the Mid-Pacific Magazine. Etimrtrriv rrrrmrrrinnr. Is't? .•• ,I the become s t ha tha 7gr._ _ VELEM= 7.7C''I r .., -:\ -.•. •,«, 4 "'"* ". .-.1;.` * ........" '* "It. ' '''''.4r7,/ $... .7%• '''''" , _ '• ' . ,r,.ww. ,,T- ....„Ni:. - f .i,„ ,, . , - . 4 .„...ie L., . - A •-- q it .- '---- -tEi. :-'' '-',' .. .,, • '';"-,clit ' ' . -, - - ,- .sti-A.T* 114.1-i ' . .'1- _ if -* __L, ' „ ,1:, ':. , . -,,, ',Ig","$:V1. a , -- • ' /I if : ,( . I ! ,' . 9 ; 46. '- i- Ai 1'14 .1 t t* t , i■ • 744i1, . .. A, Jirk .7-1 . - - . _ ... Man ly Beach, near Sydney, is the resort of thousands daily in the warm weather t he youngsters learning to shootin before the waves, using their bodies as catapu lts. a—xa—maira—ral— ii# _5110_ -. '-' In Australasia tramping the mountain tracks or trails is one of the great sports and recreations 01 the people; there are moun- tains to climb and scenery to enjoy second to none in the world. One great sport of the visitor to New Zealand is the descent of the -Wanganui river. This is probably the most beautiful stream in the world, widely picturesque from end to end. Cricket long ago became the one sport of the natives of Samoa. Whole villages would turn out to the games that would last all day long and on which entire coconut crops would be wagered. Horse racing is the Australian sport, and at Melbourne annually is run the race for the Caufteld cup, on the result of which all Australia bets. In South America the Indians have a game of ball all of their own. Two, balls are used; tail feathers of birds are affixed for accuracy in throwing. The Indians become wonderfully expert at ball playing. Edited by Alexander Hume Ford. 1110-Parifir fliagazitir Official Organ of the Pan-Pacific Union. Volume XX. NOVEMBER, 1920. Number 5. Gathering for a game of Topeo. Native Games of Latin South America (By Franklin Adams, of the Pan-American Union.) HE ball game is indigenous to the ball courts were disclosed near the most Americas. Perhaps the first sacred temples, and, from the elaborate T simian inhabitants found true hieroglyphics and pictographs ornament- sport in catching the cocoanuts tossed ing the walls, much was learned of the from the tall palms—certain it is that -complicated character of the sport. Cen- several thousand years ago the ball game turies after the passing of these ancient had reached a high state of development Mayans, came the first Spanish explorers in the 70 cities scattered through Yuca- who found that a younger race in con- tan. On clearing away the matted for- tiguous territory, the Aztecs, had re- ests enveloping these marvelous ruins, vived the old pastime into a "national 417 418 THE MID-PACIFIC game," with the stone "God of Sport" called off on account of the rain. As beaming on every court. their sunset hour is the same through- The peculiarity of these early games out the year, the concluding moment of was that the ball, when in play, was the play is fixed by the last peep of not thrown with the hand but struck by the sun. the hip, around which the player wore At the other end of the South Ameri- a protecting pad of leather. At each can continent, fully 5,000 miles from end of the court was a great stone disk where Oviedo saw his first ball game, with a hole in the center, and through we find the indigenous sport still pop- this orifice the ball was driven before ular. Beyond the zone of the rubber a point was score. Very naturally , a trees, the wooden ball makes its appear- "lively ball" was. used, since rubber trees ance, and a wooden club is provided for dominated the forests. driving it. The Indians who play ball Old chroniclers marvel at the skill at 42 degrees S. are the Araucanians of and endurance of the players, for a Southern Chile, those unconquerable game was seldom won under four hours people who forced the Spaniards to sue of constant play. Such exhausting con- for peace. In a clearing, 300 by 75 tests, with a dozen participants in al- yards, inclosed by cut branches of trees, most constant action, were not for ama- these sturdy Indians still play the game teurs but professionals. Thus, from of their forefathers—chueca, which the Aztec word olli, signifying "ball," greatly resembles la crosse or field came the word mollonqui, "one who hockey. The opposing teams of 15 plays ball for a living." probably give the record exhibition of A similar game has been played ball driving, unless we concede the palm through the ages over a wide range of to their ancestors, who had more leisure territory. Oviedo witnessed and de- to devote to the game. The Arauca- scribed the sport as played by Indians nians of today are as proud of their in the West Indies over four centuries prowess with chueca as their forebears ago, and Dr. Koch-Grunberg, who re- were of resisting the Spaniards with cently returned from a two-years' so- primitive weapons. Chueca is played journ among the tribes of the Cuduiary from childhood, and the matches draw River in the wilds of Brazil, found the large audiences. The game calls for natives in every village playing ball. great endurance and while generally Dr. Grunberg writes that a carefully played in two and three hour periods, leveled field lies in front of the malokas. morning and afternoon, several days or large communal houses, and daily, at have been known to pass before a de- 5 o'clock, the men returning from the cision has been reached. During a match day's fishing or hunting, indulge in the it is not unusual to hear a player cry, sport—not a complicated game like that "Am I not a real oak tree?" or "Am I of the early Mexicans, but one calling not a lion's leg?" after a brilliant stroke. for a high degree of skill, as two balls In the old days the game was played not are used by the Cuduiary players, who only for amusement, but also as a train- drive them with the hands toward their ing for war. In battle a much heavier opponents. Yellow tail feathers of the club was used, the deadly maza arau- Yapoo bird are affixed to the rubber cania, which when wielded by powerful balls for accuracy. The players have warriors gave just reason for fear. remarkable muscular development and This• virile Chilean tribe has another never forsake the game unless it is popular game called pilma also descend- THE MID-PACIFIC 419 ed from prehistoric times. Pilma pre- as well as in North America, we know pared the ancient warriors to avoid the that it had disappeared from the West- arrows and spears of the enemies. Two ern Hemisphere before the Andes rose opponents stand 12 feet apart. One has from the sea; and that the singletoed a light fiber ball which is struck with horse was introduced by the Spaniards. the hand as it drops from the hips in Before the Europeans came, the sons of an attempt to hit the naked body of the the Argentine pampas lived a much opponent who endeavors to avoid the more athletic existence. Their raids on ball by dodging, leaping into the air, the early settlers released horses to or falling to the ground. After five roam the plains where they multiplied balls, positions are reversed. The one rapidly. This wild stock became com- securing the first 20 hits is the winner. mon property of the Indian or the white Spectators, surrounding the contestants, man, whoever had the ability to catch return the ball to the server, showing and tame them, and this was the germ great appreciation of skillful play. of an indigenous sport soon to be de- On the high Andean plateau, stretch; veloped, one that is now popular with ing almost the entire length of the con- the gaucho, cowboy of the pampas.