European science review № 11–12 2016 November–December «East West» Association for Advanced Studies and Higher Education GmbH Vienna 2016 European Sciences review Scientific journal № 11–12 2016 (November–December) ISSN 2310-5577 Editor-in-chief Lucas Koenig, Austria, Doctor of Economics International editorial board Abdulkasimov Ali, Uzbekistan, Doctor of Geography Kocherbaeva Aynura Anatolevna, Kyrgyzstan, Doctor of Economics Adieva Aynura Abduzhalalovna, Kyrgyzstan, Doctor of Economics Kushaliyev Kaisar Zhalitovich, Kazakhstan, Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Arabaev Cholponkul Isaevich, Kyrgyzstan, Doctor of Law Lekerova Gulsim, Kazakhstan, Doctor of Psychology Zagir V. Atayev, Russia, Ph.D. of of Geographical Sciences Melnichuk Marina Vladimirovna, Russia, Doctor of Economics Akhmedova Raziyat Abdullayevna, Russia, Doctor of Philology Meymanov Bakyt Kattoevich, Kyrgyzstan, Doctor of Economics Balabiev Kairat Rahimovich, Kazakhstan, Doctor of Law Moldabek Kulakhmet, Kazakhstan, Doctor of Education Barlybaeva Saule Hatiyatovna, Kazakhstan, Doctor of History Morozova Natalay Ivanovna, Russia, Doctor of Economics Bestugin Alexander Roaldovich, Russia, Doctor of Engineering Sciences Moskvin Victor Anatolevich, Russia, Doctor of Psychology Boselin S.R. Prabhu, India, Doctor of Engineering Sciences Nagiyev Polad Yusif, Azerbaijan, Ph.D. of Agricultural Sciences Bondarenko Natalia Grigorievna, Russia, Doctor of Philosophy Naletova Natalia Yurevna, Russia, Doctor of Education Bogolib Tatiana Maksimovna, Ukraine, Doctor of Economics Novikov Alexei, Russia, Doctor of Education Bulatbaeva Aygul Abdimazhitovna, Kazakhstan, Doctor of Education Salaev Sanatbek Komiljanovich, Uzbekistan, Doctor of Economics Chiladze George Bidzinovich, Georgia, Doctor of Economics, Doctor of Law Shadiev Rizamat Davranovich, Uzbekistan, Doctor of Education Dalibor M. 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Materials on population and habitats of Turkmen Kulan (onager Equus hemionus, Pallas) at Karakalpakstan Part of Usturt Section 1. Biology DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20534/ESR-16-11.12-3-5 Jumanov Muratbay Arepbaevich, Candidate of biology sciences, Karakalpak State University Asenov Gappar Asenovich, Dr. of Biol. Sc., professor Karakalpak State University, Nukus, Uzbekistan E-mail:[email protected] Materials on population and habitats of Turkmen Kulan (onager Equus hemionus, Pallas) at Karakalpakstan Part of Usturt Abstract: In the article there are given materials about modern spreading and the number of the Turkmen onager Equus hemionus dwelling in the karakalpak part of the Ustyurt Plateau. There are described the threads and given the recommenda- tions on protection of this species by organizing the nature — protected territories. Keywords: the Turkmen kulan, the Ustyurt Plateau, the Sarykamish Lake, the Red List of IUCN. The vast territory of Karakalpakstan is rich with animal and (Affiliation of Uzbekistan AS) and also Karakalpakstan State Univer- plant wild world. This attracts the attention of neighbor countries sity each year organize field surveys on animal and plant wild world. and their researchers since earlier times. Karakalpakstan’s Plateau of Has been prepared questionnaires especially for cattle farmers and Ustyurt and the Dessert Kizilkum since earlier times has been the separately for members of various expeditions, also for local aged shortest caravan way connecting Central Asia with Europe, which people who are familiarized to these areas since childhood and know put the beginning of trade — economic relationship between these well each animal and plant of this part of wild world. All these data two worlds. Since earlier times has been organized survey expedi- concerning to kulan (onager (horse) — Equus hemionus Pallas) has tions where many zoologists and naturalists took part. Later with in- been chronologically analyzed as a monitoring for long years survey. terest they describe the animal and plant wild life of native land. The results of oral and written records have been published At the beginning of XIX century the famous researcher of wild during the last years. And the results of our own monitoring sur- nature E. A. Eversman [9] recorded plentiful population of wild vey concerning to kulan (onager (horse) -Equus hemionus Pallas) horses, donkeys and sayga at the Plateau of Ustyurt. held since 1980 up now at Ustyurt has been compiled as following: Turkmen kulan (onager horse — Equus hemionus Pallas) since 1982–1983 at the area of the lake Sarikamish located on the territory 1775 to XIX century has been wide spread at the steppes of Central of Kaplankir prairies (Turkmenistan). Kulans habitat these places Asia, Kazakhstan, West Siberia and Europe. At Uzbekistan Equus up to 1930 and have been counted about 100 kulans. At present at hemionus Pallas has been populated at the Plateau of Ustyurt till XX Sarikamish registrated about 300–400 kulans [2; 4; 10]. century, and according to the records of Ishadov [1] during 30s Before 1980 kulan was very rare in the South and Central pert of XX century almost in all of these districts the species of kulan has of Ustyurt (Karakalpakstan part). been shot and entirely extincted. Kulan (onager (horse) — Equus One of the shepherds, 80 years old Besbay, knowing Ustyurt hemionus Pallas) enters the Red list of IUCN, enters in appendix since childhood in 1986 told that kulans often appeared at the area of CITES and has been registrated in the Red Book of Uzbekistan of the lake to drink water with the horse-herds of domestic horses. with the status of 0 (EW) as an extincted species of wild world of Another shepherd by name Izgurgan in 1986 reported that in the country which has also sub species [3; 12; 13]. May, at the district of Well Baychagir 25–30 km South-West from Kulan habituates at plateaus, at desserts and at half-desserts of Barsa-Kelmes they sow two females of kulan’s, these female kulans Ustyurt. At summer time kulan makes small herds mostly near to disturb Izgurgan’s horses and one of the female kulans was shot watersheds but during the wintertime they gathered