National Monument and Preserve U.S. Department of the Interior 1 Craters of the Moon o Butterflies and Moths (Lepidoptera) of CRMO Butterflies and moths are some of the most widely-distributed and recognizable insects. They are found worldwide in nearly every habitat, comprising an estimated 174,250 species. About 700 butterflies and 11,000 moths are found in North America. Over 300 species of Lepidoptera have been documented on Craters of the Moon (CRMO) another 250 may occur here. Edith’s Checkerspot Lepidopterans feed primarily on nectar from flowers but may derive nourishment from pollen, tree sap, rotting fruit, dung or decaying flesh, and they can get dissolved minerals from wet sand or dirt. Many, however, do not feed at all as adults. They are important as pollinators and are capable of moving pollen over great distances. Lepidopterans have a four stage life cycle consisting of the egg, larva (caterpillar) and chrysalis (cocoon) before finally emerging as fully formed adults. They employ just about every strategy to avoid winter. Some migrate long distances, others hibernate and some completely die off leaving only the eggs to survive winter and begin the next generation. Weidemeyer's Admiral This list is a work in progress, with so many species in this insect order, it likely always will be! Your observations, pictures and collected specimens (already dead only please) are welcomed and encouraged so that we may continue to build our knowledge of these diverse species. Melissa Blue All species on this list have been either documented on CRMO, in one (or more) of the 5 counties CRMO overlaps or elsewhere on the Snake River Plain. Species not specifically documented on CRMO are marked with an L (for Likely) or P (for Possibly) occurs. “Likely” was given to a species when CRMO contains suitable habitat for the species. “Possible” was given to those species for which suitable habitat would be limited on CRMO or when habitat needs are not fully understood. Acmon Blue Todd C. Stefanic July 2020 (Rev. 4.0) 2 Butterflies Parnassians and Swallowtails (Family Papilionidae) Parnassians (Subfamily Parnassiinae) Parnassius clodius H o Clodius Parnassian -- (Parnassius clodius) P Or RMB WFB Ga o Altaurus Parnassian -- (P. clodius altaurus) F o Phoebus Parnassian -- (Parnassius phoebus) L BMNA o Rocky Mtn. Parnassian -- (Parnassius smintheus) Swallowtails (Subfamily Papilioninae) L BMNA o Pale Swallowtail -- (Papilio eurymedon) H BMNA* o Indra Swallowtail -- (Papilio indra) H* o Indra Swallowtail -- (Papilio indra indra) Anise Swallowtail H F S o Two-tailed Swallowtail -- (Papilio multicaudata) H F* o Western Tiger Swallowtail -- (Papilio rutulus) K S o Anise Swallowtail -- (Papilio zelicaon (incl. nitra) Whites and Sulphurs (Family Pieridae) Whites (Subfamily Pierinae) Desert Marble D H K F B A o Becker's White -- (Pontia beckerii) M H o Western White -- (Pontia occidentalis) P WFB o Flavous White -- (Pontia occidentalis occidentalis) K A o Checkered White -- (Pontia protodice) K M o Spring White -- (Pontia sisymbrii) P WFB o Spring White -- (Pontia sisymbrii flavitincta) L (BMNA) o Margined White -- (Pieris marginalis) L WFB o Margined White -- (Pieris marginalis reicheli) P H o Green-veined white -- (Pieris napi) H o Cabbage White -- (Pieris rapae) Sara Orangetip H F o Large Marble -- (Euchloe ausonides) K o Desert Marble -- (Euchloe lotta) L BMNA o Stella Orangetip -- (Anthocharis stella) H o Sara Orangetip -- (Anthocharis sara) Sulphurs (Subfamily Coliadinae) A F H o Queen Alexandra's Sulphur -- (Colias Alexandra) H o Queen Alexandra's Sulphur -- (Colias Alexandra edwardsii) L ISC Ya o Christina’s Sulphur -- (Colias christina) Clouded Sulphur Todd C. Stefanic July 2020 (Rev. 4.0) 3 H * o Orange Sulphur -- (Colias eurytheme) B o Giant Sulphur -- (Colias gigantea) P BMNA o Pelidne Sulphur -- (Colias pelidne) A K B S o Clouded Sulphur -- (Colias philodice) Gossamer-wing Butterflies (Family Lycaenidae) Lustrous Copper Coppers (Subfamily Lycaeninae) L BMNA o Lustrous Copper -- (Lycaena cupreus) P WFB o Lustrous Copper -- (Lycaena cupreus cupreus) L Cl Ya o Edith’s copper -- (Lycaena editha) P WFB o Edith’s copper -- (Lycaena editha editha) P Or o Edith’s copper -- (Lycaena editha vurali) H F A o Purplish Copper -- (Lycaena helloides) A S o Blue Copper -- (Lycaena heteronea) H A o Blue Copper -- (Lycaena heteronea heteronea) P Or o Klots’ Blue Copper -- (Lycaena heteronea klotsi) L BMNA o Mariposa Copper - - (Lycaena mariposa) L BMNA Purplish Copper o Lilac-bordered Copper -- (Lycaena nivalis) P WFB o Brown’s Lilac-bordered Copper -- (L. nivalis browni) A BMNA o Ruddy Copper -- (Lycaena rubidus) H o Ruddy Copper -- (Lycaena rubidus rubidus) Hairstreaks (Subfamily Theclinae) H K S BMNA o Behr's Hairstreak -- (Satyrium behrii) H K BMNA o California Hairstreak -- (Satyrium californica) H BMNA o Sooty Hairstreak -- (Satyrium fuliginosa) H o Sooty Hairstreak -- (Satyrium fuliginosa fulginosa) ISC o Sagebrush Sooty Hairstreak -- (Satyrium semiluna) L BMNA o Sylvan Hairstreak -- (Satyrium sylvinus) P WFB o Sylvan Hairstreak -- (Satyrium sylvinus nootka) H B o Coral Hairstreak -- (Satyrium titus) H Male & Female Blue Copper o Coral Hairstreak -- (Satyrium titus titus) L BMNA o Western Green Hairstreak -- (Callophrys affinis) L BMNA o Sheridan's Green Hairstreak -- (Callophrys sheridanii) L BMNA o Western Pine Elfin -- (Callophrys [Incisalia] eryphon) H o Thicket Hairstreak -- (Callophrys spinetorum) K o Juniper Hairstreak -- (Callophrys [Mitoura] gryneus) L BMNA o Gray Hairstreak -- (Strymon melinus) Blues (Subfamily Polyommatinae) BMNA o Echo Azure -- (Celastrina echo) P BMNA o Spring Azure -- (Celastrina ladon) L BMNA o Reakirt's Blue -- (Echinargus isola) Coral Hairstreak Todd C. Stefanic July 2020 (Rev. 4.0) 4 Ut BMNA o Rocky Mountain Dotted-Blue -- (Euphilotes ancilla) H B* o Western Square-dotted Blue -- (Euphilotes battoides) H o Silvery Blue -- (Glaucopsyche lygdamus) A F K B o Arrowhead Blue -- (Glaucopsyche piasus) P WFB o Arrowhead Blue -- (Glaucopsyche piasus toxeuma) A H F o Acmon Blue -- (Plebejus acmon) H F M A o Boisduval's Blue -- (Plebejus icarioides) P BMNA o Northern Blue -- (Plebejus idas) Ha o Dark-edged Blue -- (Plebejus idas atrapraetextus) M BMNA o Lupine Blue -- (Plebejus lupini) K F A BMNA o Melissa Blue -- (Plebejus melissa) Ha WFB Western Square-dotted Blue o Melissa Blue -- (Plebejus melissa melissa) L BMNA o Greenish Blue -- (Plebejus saepiolus) P WFB GBIF o Greenish Blue -- (Plebejus saepiolus amica) L ISC LS o Shasta Blue -- (Plebejus shasta) A o Western Pygmy Blue -- (Brephidium exilis) Metalmarks (Family Riodinidae) True Metalmarks (Subfamily Riodininae) Melissa Blue M S o Mormon metalmark -- (Apodemia mormo) Brush-footed Butterflies (Family Nymphalidae) Heliconians and Fritillaries (Subfamily Heliconiinae) P BMNA o Pacific Fritillary -- (Boloria epithore) P WFB o Chermock's Meadow Fritillary -- (B. epithore chermocki) L BMNA ISC o Silver-bordered Fritillary -- (Boloria selene) P WFB Mormon metalmark o Silver-bordered Fritillary -- (Boloria selene atrocostalis) P BMNA o Mexican Fritillary -- (Euptoieta hegesia) FA S BMNA o Callippe Fritillary -- (Speyeria callippe ) H o Mt. Wheeler Fritillary -- (Speyeria callippe harmonia) H o Nevada Callippe Fritillary -- (Speyeria callippe nevadensis) H F A BMNA o Coronis Fritillary -- (Speyeria coronis) H o Snyder’s Fritillary -- (Speyeria coronis snyderi) K F o Great Spangled Fritillary -- (Speyeria cybele) P LS WFB o Leto Fritillary -- (Speyeria cybele leto) BMNA o Great Basin Fritillary -- (Speyeria egleis) H o Great Basin Fritillary -- (Speyeria egleis macdunnoughi) L BMNA ICS o Northwestern Fritillary -- (Speyeria hesperis) P Cl WFB o Northwestern Fritillary -- (Speyeria hesperis viola) L BMNA o Hydaspe Fritillary -- (Speyeria hydaspe) Coronis Fritillary P Ga WFB o Rhodope Fritillary -- (Speyeria hydaspe sakuntala) Todd C. Stefanic July 2020 (Rev. 4.0) 5 L BMNA, ISC o Mormon Fritillary -- (Speyeria mormonia) H o Eurynome Fritillary -- (Speyeria mormonia eurynome) H S* o Zerene Fritillary -- (Speyeria zerene) H o Skinner’s Fritillary -- (Speyeria zerene gunderi) P RMB o Painted Fritillary -- (Speyeria zerene picta) H o Skinner’s Fritillary -- (Speyeria zerene platina) True Brush-foots (Subfamily Nymphalinae) California Tortoiseshell L BMNA o Northern Checkerspot -- (Chlosyne palla) P WFB o Northern Checkerspot -- (Chlosyne palla blackmorei) L BMNA o Sagebrush Checkerspot -- (Chlosyne acastus) H K B o Variegated Checkerspot-- (Euphydryas chalcedona) H o Anicia Checkerspot -- (Euphydryas anicia) H* o Anicia Checkerspot -- (Euphydryas colon) F o Edith's Checkerspot -- (Euphydryas editha) L BMNA o Gillett's Checkerspot -- (Euphydryas gillettii) P BMNA o Green Comma -- (Polygonia faunus) P Ut o ‘Green’ Green Comma -- (Polygonia faunus faunus) P WFB Hoary Comma o Green Comma -- (Polygonia faunus rusticus) M o Hoary Comma -- (Polygonia gracilis) H* o Zephyr Comma -- (Polygonia gracilis zephyrus) M F o Satyr Comma -- (Polygonia satyrus) H* o Mourning Cloak -- (Nymphalis antiopa) H M S o California Tortoiseshell (Nymphalis californica) B o Compton’s Tortoiseshell -- (Nymphalis vaualbum) H M o Milbert's Tortoiseshell -- (Aglais milberti) H* o Milbert’s Tortoiseshell -- (Aglais milberti furcillata) P BMNA o Northern Crescent -- (Phyciodes cocyta) M o Mylitta Crescent -- (Phyciodes mylitta) L BMNA ISC o Pale Crescent -- (Phyciodes pallida) P WFB o Barnes’ Crescent -- (Phyciodes pallida barnesi) H Lorquin’s Admiral o Field Crescent -- (Phyciodes pulchella) WFB o Field Crescent