ArcHeritage Redmires MBT, Sheffield, South Yorkshire Archaeological appraisal ArcHeritage 2017 Redmires MBT, South Yorkshire: Archaeological Assessment ArcHeritage Campo House, 54 Campo Lane, Sheffield, S1 2EG Phone: +44 (0)114 2728884 Fax: +44 (0)114 3279793 [email protected] www.archeritage.co.uk Key Project Information Project Name Redmires MBT Report Title Redmires MBT, Sheffield, South Yorkshire Report status Final ArcHeritage Project No. 1094 Type of Project Archaeological Appraisal Client Sheffield City Council NGR SK 25594 85121 (NE) to SK 24894 84643 (SW) Author Mark Stenton Illustrations Mark Stenton Editor Glyn Davies Report Number and Date 2017/82 29.11.17 Version and filename v1 Redmires MBT Copyright Declaration: ArcHeritage give permission for the material presented within this report to be used by the archives/repository with which it is deposited, in perpetuity, although ArcHeritage retains the right to be identified as the author of all project documentation and reports, as specified in the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (chapter IV, section 79). The permission will allow the repository to reproduce material, including for use by third parties, with the copyright owner suitably acknowledged. Disclaimer:Disclaimer:Disclaimer: This Report has been prepared solely for the person/party which commissioned it and for the specifically titled project or named part thereof referred to in the Report. The Report should not be relied upon or used for any other project by the commissioning person/party without first obtaining independent verification as to its suitability for such other project, and obtaining the prior written approval of York Archaeological Trust for Excavation and Research Limited (“YAT”) (trading as ArcHeritage). YAT accepts no responsibility or liability for the consequences of this Report being relied upon or used for any purpose other than the purpose for which it was specifically commissioned. Nobody is entitled to rely upon this Report other than the person/party which commissioned it. YAT accepts no responsibility or liability for any use of or reliance upon this Report by anybody other than the commissioning person/party. © York Archaeological Trust for Excavation and Research Limited. Registered Office: 47 Aldwark, York YO1 7BX. A Company Limited by Guarantee. Registered in England No. 1430801. A Registered Charity in England & Wales (No. 09060) and Scotland (No. SCO42846) i CONTENTS NonNonNon-Non---technicaltechnical Summary ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ iiiiiiiii 111 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 444 222 LOCATION, GEOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 444 333 METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 444 3.1 Aims ............................................................................................................................................. 4 3.2 Methodology ............................................................................................................................... 4 444 ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND .................................................................................................................... 777 4.1 Designated assets ........................................................................................................................ 7 4.2 Prehistoric, Roman and Medieval .............................................................................................. 7 4.3 Sixteenth to eighteenth centuries .............................................................................................. 8 4.4 Nineteenth century ..................................................................................................................... 9 4.5 Modern ...................................................................................................................................... 10 555 SITE VISITSITE VISIT .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 111111 666 ARCHAEOLOGICAL POTENTIAL AND SIGNIFICANCE .................................................................................................................. 131313 777 CONCLUSIONS .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 141414 888 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSACKNOWLEDGEMENTS................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 141414 999 BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 151515 PLATESPLATESPLATES ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 171717 FIGURESFIGURESFIGURES ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 262626 AAAPPENDIXAPPENDIX 1 ––– GAZETEER OF HERITAGE ASSETS ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 272727 Redmires MBT, Sheffield, South Yorkshire Archaeological Appraisal Report No 2017/82 ii Figures Figure 1: Site location map Figure 2: Heritage assets Figure 3: 1791and c.1825 Fairbank plans Figure 4: 1829 Fairbank plan and 1854 OS map Figure 5: 1894 and 1924 OS maps Figure 6: 1956 and 1976 OS maps Figure 7: Walkover survey photograph viewpoints Plates Plate 1: Looking north-east towards site of Fairthorn Farm Plate 2: Bank on site of c.1825 Fairthorn farmyard boundary Plate 3: North-east terminus of MBT Plate 4: Possible saw pit, to north of MBT Plate 5: Surviving part of 1950s plantation Plate 6: MBT route across felled plantation Plate 7: MBT route across felled plantation Plate 8: Looking east towards Redmires Reservoirs Plate 9: Dry stone wall field boundary Plate 10: Dry stone wall field boundary Plate 11: Looking south-west towards Long Causeway Plate 12: Former path, to be crossed by MBT Plate 13: Dry stone wall along 1791 enclosure boundary Plate 14: Looking north towards south-west end of MBT Plate 15: South-west terminus of MBT Plate 16: Long Causeway, looking north-east with MBT route at left Plate 17: Long Causeway, looking north-east with MBT route at left Plate 18: Long Causeway, looking north-east towards MBT terminus and Redmires Reservoirs Redmires MBT, Sheffield, South Yorkshire Archaeological Appraisal Report No 2017/82 iii NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY This report present the results of an archaeological appraisal of the route of Redmires Mountain Bike Trail, South Yorkshire. The report was commissioned by Sheffield City Council. Research for the report demonstrates that there are no heritage assets recorded along the route of the Redmires MBT, although a small number of flints have been found in its immediate vicinity. These were all surface finds and there is no evidence of prehistoric settlement in the area. The Long Causeway, immediately to the south of the MBT, is not now thought to be a Roman road, although a Roman coin has been found near the Stanage Pole, to the south-west of the route. The Long Causeway is a medieval and early post-medieval