Initial Environmental Examination Document Stage: Updated Project Number: 43524-014 August 2018 NEP: Kathmandu Valley Wastewater Management Project − Dhobighat Package No: KUKL/WW/TP-02 Prepared by the Project Implementation Directorate, Kathmandu Upatyaka Khanepani Limited, Ministry of Water Supply, Government of Nepal for the Asian Development Bank. This updated initial environmental examination report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Initial Environmental Examination Updated in August 2018 NEP: Kathmandu Valley Wastewater Management Project (Treatment Plants- TP-02) of L-3000 Prepared by the Project Implementation Directorate, Kathmandu Upatyaka Khanepani Limited, Ministry of Water Supply, Government of Nepal for the Asian Development Bank. i CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of December 2017) Currency unit - Nepalese rupee (NRs/NRe) NRs1.00 = $ 0.0097 $1.00 = NRs 103.33 In this report, "$" refers to US dollars. ABBREVIATIONS ADB Asian Development Bank BAP Bagmati Action Plan CBP Team Capacity Building and Public-Private Partnership Support Team CBS Central Bureau of Statistics CASSC Community Awareness and Safeguard Support Consultants CEMP Construction Environmental Management Plan DBO Design Build and Operate DCC District Coordination Committee DWEC District Wage Evaluation Committee DNI distribution network improvement DSC Design and Supervision Consultant EA Executing Agency EARF Environmental Assessment and Review Framework EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan ENPHO Environmental and Public Health Organisation EPA Environment Protection Act EPR Environment Protection Rules ERP Emergency Response Plan HACCPP Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point Plan HH Household HPCIDBC High Powered Committee for Integrated Development of Bagmati Civilization IEC information, education and communication IFC International Finance Corporation Lpcd Liters per capita per day LPG liquefied petroleum gas ICIMOD International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development IDA International Development Assistance IEE Initial Environmental Examination INGO international nongovernment organization ICSU Income Consumer Support Unit IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature JICA Japanese International Cooperation Agency JBIC Japanese Bank for International Cooperation KUKL Kathmandu Upatyaka Khanepani Limited Kathmandu MoFE Ministry of Forest and Environment MoWS Ministry of Water Supply VWMPK Valley Wastewater Management Project Kathmandu VWSMB Valley Water Supply Management Board MSDS Material Safety Data Sheets MWSDB Melamchi Water Supply Development Board MWSP Melamchi Water Supply Project NEWAH Nepal Water for Health NGO Nongovernment organization ii NTFP Non-timber forest product NTNC Nepal Trust for Nature Conservation NWSC Nepal Water Supply Corporation OHS occupational health and safety PD Project Director PID Project Implementation Directorate PIU Project Implementation Unit PLC Programmable Logic Controllers PPE personal protective equipment PPP public-private partnership PPTA Project Preparatory Technical Assistance REA Rapid Environmental Assessment RoW Right of Way RP Resettlement Plan SAPI Special assistance for project implementation SPAF Severely project affected family SPS Safeguards Policy Statement SWC Social Welfare Council SWNCC Social Welfare National Coordination Council UDLE Urban development through local efforts UN United Nations UNEP United Nations Environment Programme VDC Village Development Committee WWTP Wastewater treatment plant WEIGHTS AND MEASURES cm - centimetre db - decibels ha - hectare kg - kilogram km - kilometre km2 - square kilometre l - litre m - meter m2 - square meter m3 - cubic meter mg/l - milligrams per litre ml - millilitre MLD - million litres per day, mega litres per day (1 mega litre = 1000m3) mm - millimetre |jg/m3 - micrograms per cubic meter In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. iii Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY I. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1 A. Purpose of the Report ................................................................................................ 1 B. Basis and Scope of the IEE ....................................................................................... 1 II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ...................................................... 2 A. ADB Policy ................................................................................................................. 2 B. National Law and Rules ............................................................................................. 4 C. Policies and Legal Framework of KUKL ..................................................................... 5 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ......................................................................................... 7 A. Existing Situation .......................................................................................................... 7 B. Project Rationale .......................................................................................................... 8 C. Description of Proposed Project ............................................................................... 10 D. Catchment Area ....................................................................................................... 10 E. Treatment Process ................................................................................................... 13 F. Design of Wastewater Treatment Plants .................................................................. 16 G. Pretreatment building ............................................................................................... 17 H. Equalization tank and Influent pumping ................................................................... 19 I. Primary treatment facility .......................................................................................... 20 J. Biological treatment system ..................................................................................... 21 K. Disinfection facility ................................................................................................... 23 L. Deodorization facility ................................................................................................ 23 M. Sludge treatment facility ........................................................................................ 25 N. Bio-gas generation facility ........................................................................................ 29 O. Buildings .................................................................................................................. 29 P. Return flow ............................................................................................................... 30 Q. Electrical, Instrumentation and Supervisory Control System .................................... 30 R. Estimated population to be served ........................................................................... 32 S. Implementation Schedule ......................................................................................... 37 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ......................................................................... 39 A. Kathmandu Valley ...................................................................................................... 39 B. Physical Resources .................................................................................................... 40 C. Existing Wastewater System ...................................................................................... 47 D. Ecological Resources............................................................................................... 48 E. Socio-economic Profile ............................................................................................ 48 iv F. Infrastructure ............................................................................................................ 53 G. Economic Characteristics ......................................................................................... 56 H. Major Environmental Problems ................................................................................ 58 V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES .................... 63 A. Design Phase ............................................................................................................. 63 B. Construction Phase ...................................................................................................