ISSN: (P)0976-5255 (e) 2454-339X Impact Factor 5.463 (SJIF) NEW HORIZONS OF DALIT CULTURE AND LITERATURE Vol. X Special. Issue (2019) Editor in Chief Dr. Lokesha M.U Editors Prof. Parashurama K.G. Prof. Nityananda B. Shetty Prof. N.S. Gundur Journal Anu Books Delhi Meerut Glasgow (U.K.) PREFACE I am indeed delighted to place on record the input towards the growth of knowledge based society through the publication of a special edition of the National Conference on “New Horizons of Dalit Culture and literature” published through the peer reviewed and refreed international journal ‘Shodhmanthan’. It is the effort made by the team of Dr.B.R.Ambedkar Study Center, Departments of studies and Research in Social Work, English and D.V. Gundappa Kannada Adyayana Kendra for organizing a two-day National level Conference. The articles in the journal have attempted to address the various issues viz., Dalit culture, Dalit Cinema, Social Media, Dalit Politics, Dalit Folklore and Literature, which assist the Dalits to access health care, food, drinking water, housing and education attainability. I immensely appreciate the spirit of participation of all the paper contributors. I take this opportunity to thank our Hon’ble Vice Chancellor and the Registrar for their kind support in organizing this conference. Dr.Lokesha M.U CONTENTS • PROSPECT AND RETROSPECT OF DALITS IN TAMILNADU Dr. J.M. Arul Kamaraj 1 • THE NEW WOMEN AND DALIT HEROES Beena Ambrose 8 • POVERTY AND HEALTH STATUS AMONG DALIT WOMEN-SOCIAL WORK INTERVENTIONS Dr.Sujatha M, Dr.Rajashekar C , Dr. Kumudini Achchi 12 • DALITS EDUCATIONAL STATUS IN KARNATAKA: AN OVERVIEW Dr. Muniraju M, Dr. Jayasheela 17 • DALIT DISCOURSE IN Dr. SIDDALINGAIAH’S OORU KERI Dr. Parashivamurthy H.S., Dr. Shobhalatha N. 23 • SOCIAL WORK IMPLICATIONS FOR THE SOCIAL INCLUSION OF DALITS Arun kumar, Dr. J.M. Arul Kamaraj 27 • THE ROLE OF DALIT MOVEMENT IN UPLIFTING DOWNTRODDEN PEOPLE Dr. S.P.Talwar, Dr. M.Y.Bhosale 34 • DIMENSIONS OF SOCIAL EXCLUSION AND INCLUSION OF SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES COMMUNITIES IN INDIA Dr. Shivalingappa 37 • DALIT LIBERATION AND SOCIAL MEDIA: AN ANALYSIS Dr.Lokesha M.U 42 • DR. B.R. AMBEDKAR AND BUDDHISM Dr.Sreenivasappa G 44 • POWER DECENTRALIZATION IN PANCHAYAT RAJ ACT: DEVELOPMENT AND DALITHS (WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CHITRADURGA AND TUMKUR DISTRICTS) Dr.P.H. Govindaraya 46 • THE HISTORY OF DALIT SOCIAL CULTURE IN INDIA:SOME INTERPRETATION Jagannatha U, Ramesha B R 53 • DR. G. PARAMESHWARA - AS AN ADMINISTRATOR AND EDUCATIONIST. Kanakaraju. K.N., Prof. L. P. Raju 57 • USE OF LIBRARY SOURCES AMONG DALIT STUDENTS: A SURVEY Kumara B 61 • DALIT MOVEMENTS AND THEIR IMPACT IN KARNATAKA Moulappa, Dr. Yashaswini. B 65 • PEN DOWN TO THE VOICE OF STRUGGLE: A STUDY ON SELECTED DALIT AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL WORKS. Padmashree G 69 • DALIT MOVEMENT: QUEST FOR IDENTITY TO SOCIAL EQUALITY Ranganatha.B, Dr.sunitha V Ganiger 73 • ATTITUDE AND AWARENESS ON MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS AMONG DALIT ADOLESCENT GIRLS S.K. Gaayathri, Dr. J.M.Arul kamaraj 79 • CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISION FOR DALIT’S IN INDIA Rukhiyat 84 • DR. B. R. AMBEDKAR’S VIEWS ON DEMOCRACY AND INDIAN CONSTITUTION: AN ANALYTICAL APPRAISAL Shivaputrappa G. Kambli 87 • THE EXISTENCE OF DALIT FAITH: SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SHIVARAM KARANTH’S ”CHOMANA DUDI” Shivaramaiah 91 • CONTRIBUTION OF DR. B R AMBEDKAR FOR INDIAN SOCIETY: AN OVERVIEW* Dr. D. Srinivasa 94 • DR. AMBEDKAR VIEWS ON DALIT WOMEN EMPOWERMENT OVER VIEW Thimmaraju B P, Dr. Sunitha V. Ganiger 100 • DR. B. R. AMBEDKAR AND SOCIAL JUSTICE: HIS PHILOSOPHY CRUCIAL FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE V. Rama Krishna, Dr. Uddagatti Venkatesha 104 • COUNTER HEGEMONY AND SUBALTERN IDENTITY OF DALIT SACHIN B S, Shashikanthrao, Prof. Ramesh B 109 • IDENTITY CRISIS, RESISTANCE AND EMANCIPATION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON “FANDRY” AND “PARIYERUM PERUMAL” Jeffin Lijo J 113 • USAGE OF SOCIAL NETWORK SITES: IN ENHANCING MOVEMENT PARTICIPATION AMONG DALITS Anusha Jain H D, Siddesh C 118 • TRANSFORMATION OF CULTURE AMONG DALIT MIGRANTS: A CASE STUDY OF PLANTATION LABOURS Saravana K, Dr. Lokesha M.U, Prof. Parashurama K.G 120 • ESSENTIAL WRITINGS OF AMBEDKAR: A SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PERSPECTIVE Dr. Suresha K.C., Harish Kumar K.K. 124 • A STUDY ON ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF DALIT WOMEN IN KARNATAKA Dr. Rajashekar C, Babasaheb L Jinaralkar, Dr. Ramesh B 127 • DALITS AND IDENTITY POLITICS AN OVERVIEW Dr. Mahalinga K 131 • DISPLACING DALITS: REFLECTION OF DALIT IDENTITY IN INDIAN CINEMA Imran Mulla 136 • CASTE AND MODERNITY: ISSUES IN PERSPECTIVE Komal Yadav 141 • DALIT MOVEMENTS IN INDIA: ROLE OF SOCIAL REFORMERS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS TO DALITS UPLIFTMENT Manjunathaiah D, Nisargapriya T S, Dr. Lokesha M U 147 • DALIT MOVEMENT IN KARNATAKA Sushmitha B C 151 • EMPOWERING DALIT WOMEN IN INDIA: ROLE OF SAVITRIBAI PHULE Abdul Wahab , Dr. Sujatha M, Bhushan Kumar C A 158 • ‘WRITING HISTORY WITH THEIR FEET’: WRITING CASTE AND RECLAIMING SELF EDUCATION, MODERNITY, AND URBANIZATION: AN AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF A FLANEUR Ambika Chopra 163 • FOLK ARTS RESOURCES AMONG DALIT Aliyath Sumayya.K.Y 169 • GLOBALIZATION AND IT’S IMPACT ON THE DALITS IN INDIA Bhushan Kumar C A, Dr. Parashurama K G 173 • LANGUAGE AND CULTURE IN DALIT WOMEN’S SHORT STORIES Chaitra Nagammanavar 175 • SADIR TO BHARATANATYAM – A JOURNEY OF SOCIO-CULTURAL ISSUE AND SOCIAL WORK PERCEPTION Dr. Kumudini Achchi 179 • CULTURE AMONGTHE VISHWAKARMA COMMUNITY IN KARNATAKA: A Sociological Outlook (With Special Reference to Ballari District) Dr.Veerendra Kumar N, Akkasali Shivakumarachari 183 • SOCIETAL STATUS OF DALIT WOMEN IN INDIA Ms. Jemima Blessi D. 188 • RE-READING’ AS AN ESSENTIAL COMPONENT OF DALIT LITERATURE AND CRITICISM Jerrin Chandan S 192 • NATIONAL CONTRIBUTION OF DR. B R. AMBEDKAR Dr G L Rajaput 195 Shodhmanthan 2019, Vol. X, Sp. Issue, ISSN: (P)0976-5255 (e) 2454-339X (Impact Factor) 5.463 (SJIF) 1 PROSPECT AND RETROSPECT OF DALITS IN TAMILNADU Dr. J.M. Arul Kamaraj Assistant Professor Department of Social Work, Loyola College, Chennai – 600034 Introduction Human beings are diverse and differ from one another in every sphere of human living. The external characteristics of thenatural and social environment of the place of living, family, culture, language, caste, and religion differ from person to person. The personal characteristics like age, sex. Physical and psychological abilities, skills and attitude differ from each other. In such diverse existence differences, exclusions, discrimination, alienation does happen individually and collectively. One cannot ignore the unequal treatment of the ones who experience such negative experiences but need to understand and evolve counteractive approaches of acceptance, inclusion, equality, equal opportunities, and treatment with respect paving the way forequality and freedom. “Dalits” who are the scheduled castes in every religion are subjected to all forms of discrimination and are excluded because of their birth and as untouchables with the social stigma attached to their human identity. Their identity is ascriptive and traditional attached to purity-pollution brahminical imposed religious fundamentalist theory and not acquired through merit. Dalits have suffered all forms of discrimination, domination, denial, and exclusion for centuries” (Hans, 2013). Government and Civil society have taken a lot of development efforts for the empowerment of Dalits, but the benefits do not reach them substantially. They are discriminated in all forms. Caste discrimination against Dalits is strongly pronounced. Even after seventy years of independence Dalits still, are living below the line of poverty with impoverished conditions. They are now awakening to be included in the mainstream but still struggling for social inclusion facing the challenges with hope. Dalits in India Dalits are those persons who belong to Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (SC/ST). They face various forms of discrimination such as socio, economic, cultural, religious and political based activities in the society.According to 2011 Census of India, Scheduled castes comprise 16.6 percentof the total population of India, that is, they number over 17crores. Scheduled tribes constitute 8.6 percent of the population, that is, they number over eight cores. Both together comprises of 25.2 percent of the Indian population, that is, they togethernumber over 25 Crores. In the whole of India, it is found that Tamil Nadu stands third with regard to Scheduled Castes population and ranks second with regard to Literacy rate (73.26%) among Scheduled Castes in India. Dalits in India generally are associated with menial jobs such as disposing of the carcass, skinning the hides, tanning, works on leather goods, sweeping, scavenging, etc. These occupations are mostly hereditary and are destined to do the job compulsorily. Hence Dalits, in general, are excluded from the mainstream society as they engage in such types of works. The worst part of it is in justification given through religion. The right to pray to a God has always been a high caste privilege. The complexity of religious ritual is directly proportionate to social status.Thus Dalits have been formally excluded from religion, from education, from owning a land, in the entire sanctified universe. Today, extensive policies on affirmative action have opened up government service and state education to Dalits. But areas of New Horizons of Dalit Culture and Literature 2 freedom are limited and controlled by dominant castes. Exclusion from every Socio-economic, cultural and political network emerges from the Dalit’s crucial