Fieldwork: I Canterbury City Sites . CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD. A R EGISTERED C HARITY 92a Broad Street Canterbury • Kent • CT1 2LU tel: 01227 462062 fax: 01227 784724 email: [email protected] http://www.canterburytrust.co.uk The Canterbury Archaeological Trust is an independent charity formed in 1975 to undertake rescue excavation, research, publication and the presentation of the results of its work for the benefit of the public. Further copies of Canterbury’s Archaeology can be obtained from our offices at 92a Broad Street, Canterbury, Kent, CT1 2LU © 2001 Canterbury Archaeological Trust Ltd. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. ANNUAL REPORT 1998–1999 Compiled by John Willson printed by Geerings of Ashford 1 Fieldwork: I Canterbury City Sites 2 Fieldwork: I Canterbury City Sites Contents PART ONE PART TWO Fieldwork Building Recording A No. 22 Palace Street, Canterbury.............................................48 I Canterbury City Sites B Nos 44–45 High Street, Canterbury ........................................50 1 Market Way ..............................................................................4 C Barton Mill, Barton Lane, Canterbury .......................................50 2 Station Road West ....................................................................7 D Cumberland House, The Street, Chilham .................................52 3 Nos 40–42 Station Road West/Kirby’s Lane ..............................8 E Valley Farm, Stalisfield, near Faversham .................................54 4 Former Police Station, Kirby’s Lane ...........................................8 F The Undercroft, No. 2 Upper Bridge Street, Wye ......................57 II Canterbury District Sites G Old Park Barracks, Whitfield ....................................................59 5 Sarre Penn Culvert, Blean .........................................................9 6 Sunset Caravan Park and Church Lane East, Whitstable ............10 PART THREE 7 Wraik Hill, Whitstable .............................................................11 8 Borstal Hill, Whitstable ...........................................................12 Post Excavation and Research 9 Bogshole Lane, Broomfield, near Herne Bay ............................12 I Post Excavation Analysis ...................................................... 60 10 Copperas works at Tankerton...................................................13 II The Finds Department III Kent Sites 1 The pottery from four Iron Age sites at Whitstable: 11 Ramsgate Harbour Approach Road ..........................................18 a discussion ...........................................................................63 12 Dover Infiltration Reduction Scheme .......................................22 2 Ceramic building material from Market Way, Canterbury ..........63 13 The Citadel, Dover Western Heights ........................................22 3 Anglo-Saxon ceramic weights from Ramsgate Harbour 14 Northampton Quay, Dover .......................................................24 Approach Road .......................................................................64 15 Broadlees Bottom, Dover Castle ..............................................24 4 The brick from the clamp kiln at Station Road West, 16 Dover Ship’s Stores, Honeywood Road, Whitfield ....................24 Canterbury .............................................................................65 17 Honeywood Parkway, Whitfield................................................25 5 Post-medieval pottery and clay-pipes from Gravesend .............65 18 Langdon Military Prison, Dover ...............................................25 19 North Barracks, Deal ...............................................................26 III Palaeoenvironmental Studies 20 Tram Road, Folkestone............................................................28 1 Ramsgate Harbour Approach Road ..........................................69 21 Cheriton Parc, Cheriton ...........................................................29 2 Prince’s Road, Dartford ...........................................................70 22 Land north of Westenhanger Castle .........................................29 3 Mersham, near Ashford...........................................................70 23 Stone Street, Westenhanger ....................................................30 4 Westenhanger ........................................................................70 24 Mersham ...............................................................................30 25 Court Hall, High Street, Milton Regis ......................................32 PART FOUR 26 Kemsley Fields, near Sittingbourne .........................................32 27 Boley Hill repaving, Rochester ................................................33 Education ...................................................................................71 28 Hermitage Lane, Barming .......................................................42 29 Tottington Farm, Aylesford ......................................................43 PART FIVE 30 Harps Avenue, Minster-in-Sheppey .........................................43 The Friends ..............................................................................73 31 Rape Hill, Minster-in-Sheppey ................................................43 32 Bank Street and rear of No. 17 High Street, Gravesend .............44 33 High Street, Gravesend ...........................................................45 PART SIX 34 Princes Road, Dartford ............................................................45 Financial Accounts ..............................................................74 35 Priory Centre, Instone Road, Dartford ......................................46 36 Church Manor Way, Belvedere ................................................47 PART SEVEN Other sites investigated during the year ...................................47 Members of the Trust Council .......................................76 PART EIGHT Sponsors .....................................................................................77 Bibliography ............................................................................78 3 Fieldwork: I Canterbury City Sites PART ONE I Canterbury City Sites Subsequently, the whole area was covered by a 1 thick layer of burnt daub. C A considerable assemblage of prehistoric material, the bulk of which was worked flint, was recovered from the present excavations. This 3 is unusual since well documented or stratified 2 4 prehistoric artefacts remain scarce in the immediate environs of the city. It seems probable A however that all of these artefacts are residual. Only two features could be positively ascribed Canterbury city sites: to the Roman period. These were situated in the B 1 Market Way southern corner of the site, closest perhaps to 2 Station Road West the Roman remains located in the 1950s. The two 3 Nos 40–42 Station Road West/Kirby’s Lane N 4 Former Police Station, Kirby’s Lane Roman features consisted of a ditch (3) and an 0 300 M A No. 22 Palace Street inhumation burial (124). The ditch, dated to the 0 1000 Ft B Nos 44–45 High Street late second or early third century by the recovered C Barton Mill, Barton Lane pottery, appeared to form the northern corner of a sub-rectangular enclosure which extended into the stripped area by about 20 m. Market Way The burial was situated within the enclosure 1 Jonathan Rady defined by ditch 3, about 5 m. from its northern corner. The southern portion of the grave had Between 14th–18th September 1998, part of the digging a pit for an air raid shelter in c. 1940. been removed by a modern disturbance. The site of the former Cattle Market at Market Way on In addition, Roman tile was apparently found at remainder of the grave was at least 1.5 m. long the north side of Canterbury, was evaluated for a depth of two spits in the garden of Beverley and 1.25 m. wide, and was shallow, only 0.25 m. the presence of archaeological remains (Rady House, adjacent to the market. Employees of deep at maximum. It contained the very poorly 1998). The Trust was commissioned and funded a brickworks, located on the site of the present preserved remains of an inhumation burial, a by the potential developer to examine the site, in electricity sub-station, some way to the east of few traces of the skull, mostly just a smear of advance of the construction of thirty-four houses. Market Way, reported seeing ‘fire pits’ some with degraded bone plus a few teeth and two heavily The proposed development area (TR 151 588) ‘an earthen seat around and ashes at the bottom’ eroded femoral shafts. The skeleton rested lies a few hundred metres north of a branch of (Jenkins 1956, 40). directly on the base of the cut with its head to the River Stour, on gently rising ground at c. Monitoring by the late Frank Jenkins during the north-east and was probably extended. The 12–13 m. O.D. the mechanical levelling of ground prior to the gender was not determined. The evaluation located the presence of a construction of the approach road (now Market number of features, mostly undated pits. A very Way) to the new cattle market off the east side small amount of Anglo-Saxon material was also of St Stephen’s Road in December 1952, led to recovered, suggesting a previously unknown