Index 169 Index Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations. Headings in bold refer to sections of the Botanic Garden. Adams, John Quincy, 18 Arabia, plants from, 80–81 Bartholdi, Frédéric Auguste, 62, 159 Adenia glauca, 127 Araucaria heterophylla (Norfolk Island Bartholdi Fountain, 158, 159, 159 107 136, 137 Africa, arid regions of, 127 pine), , acquisition of, 62, 159 11, 38, 62, 65, 161, 167 See also South Africa Architect of the Capitol, in Bartholdi Park, 146, 147, 149, 150, 61 154 157 Agate, Alfred T., 22 Architectural Ironworks of New York City, , 66 67 67 Agave parryi ssp. parryi (Parry’s agave), 126,127 Archontophoenix purpurea (Mt. Lewis King original Mall site of, , , 2–3 146 147 148–159 Agriculture, plant introductions for, 13, 16, Palm), Bartholdi Park, , , 18, 26 Areca nut, 28 Chinese jujube tree in, 26, 27 Agriculture, U.S. Department of Argyroxiphium sandwicense ssp. duck nesting in, 153 (USDA), 41 macrocephalum (Hinahina, or Hawaiian map of, 165 silversword), 110–11 1868 headquarters of, 65 views from, 146, 147, 154, 156–57, 157 Alabama snow wreath (Neviusia Arums See also Bartholdi Fountain 105 77 alabamensis), Amorphophallus bulbifer, Bartlett, William Henry, Capitol view by, 53 35 45 Albizia julibrissin (mimosa), Amorphophallus odoratus, Bat plant (Tacca integrifolia), 162 48 49, 82–83 Allamanda cathartica (golden trumpet Amorphophallus titanum, , plant label for, 163 vine), 122 33, 48, 77 80–81 122–23 Asia, plants from, , , Beallara Marfitch ‘Howard’s Dream’ 150 Allium giganteum (giant allium), Asian slipper orchid (Paphiopedilum F. C. (orchid), 118 128 116 Alluaudia procera, Puddle), Beargrasses (Nolina species), 102, 103 86 124 Alocasia ‘Calodora’ (elephant ear), Aspilia mossambicensis, Bear’s paw (Cotyledon tomentosa ssp. Aloe mutabilis (giant aloe), 128–29 Astrocaryum mexicanum (Mexican palm), 86 ladismithiensis), 133 Aluminum, as structural material, 12, 70 Australia Bennett, Edward H., 68 Amazon Basin, plants from, 77 arid regions of, 127 Bennett, Parsons & Frost, Botanic Garden 68, 68 70, 71 American elm (Ulmus americana), 35, 46 plants collected from, 107, 135 architectural design by, , 38 American Parterre, in Bartholdi Park, 149 Australian tree fern (Cyathea cooperi), 135, Biblical plants, 138–39 41, 42, 48 Amorphophallus bulbifer, 77 Biodiversity, Amorphophallus odoratus, 45 See also Conservation; Endangered plants 141 107, 118, 124 Amorphophallus titanum (titan arum), Bacteria, and nitrogen for plants, Bioengineering, 48, 49, 82–83 Baja fairyduster (Calliandra californica), 128 Bird of paradise Angiopteris evecta (vessel fern), 24, 24–25, Bambusa vulgaris ‘Vittata’ (timber bamboo), Strelitzia reginae, 106, 107 26, 86 78, 80–81 Strelitzia reginae ‘Mandela’s Gold,’ 107 Anguloa virginalis (orchid), 9 Banana trees, in Garden Court, 6, 79 Black pepper, 28 Antarctica, 20, 21 Musa ‘Ice Cream,’ 81 Blechnum brasiliense (fern), 138 Anthuriums, 78, 86, 107 Musa ‘Saba,’ 77 Blue beargrass tree (Nolina nelsoni), 102, 103 170 A Botanic Garden for the Nation Blue palo verde (Parkinsonia florida), 127, 132 Calliandra californica (Baja fairyduster), 128 China Bohn Aluminum Company, 70 Calliandra emarginata (pink powder medicinal plants in, 121 141 Botanic Garden. See U.S. Botanic Garden puff), plants collected from, 18, 35 Botany Callicarpa americana (American Chinese ephedra (Ephedra sinica), 121 153 current educational programs in, beautyberry), Chinese jujube (Zizyphus jujuba), 26, 27 41 48 48 144 145 145 , , , , , CAM (crassulacean acid metabolism) Chocolate (Theobroma cacao), 77, 78 13, plants, 130, 130–31 nineteenth-century study of, Chrysanthemums, 78 41, 107 Camellia sinensis (tea), 77 Cinnamomum zeylanicum (cinnamon tree), 77 48 Cameron, Simon, 46 Smithsonian research center for, Cinnamon tree (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), 77 22, 26, 26, 29 Cameron Elm, 46 Brackenridge, William D., CITES (Convention on International Trade 26, 26 46 plant list by, propagation of, in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Brassia verrucosa (spider orchid), 113 Capitol. See U.S. Capitol Flora), 43, 99, 113 Brazil, plants collected from, 18, 26 Cardoon (Cynara cardunculus), 157 Clark, Edward, 56, 61, 65 Bromeliads, 42, 86 Carica papaya (papaya), 124–25 Clay, Henry, 18 Bulfinch, Charles, plan for Capitol Carnegiea gigantea (saguaro cactus), 127, Cleistocactus winteri (cactus), 128 52 53 130–31 grounds by, , Clerodendrum splendens (pagoda flower), 94 65, 68 42 44 45, 104, Burnham, Daniel, Carnivorous plants, , , Clothing. See Fibers 161 104–5 Butterfly Garden, Club mosses, 135, 138 18 19 121 Castor bean (Ricinus communis), , , Coconut (Cocos nucifera), 77 77, 78 119 Cacao tree (Theobroma cacao), Catasetum Jumbo Eagle (orchid), Cocos nucifera (coconut), 77 42, 98 99 99 127 126–133 116 Cacti, , , , , Catasetum saccatum (orchid), Coffee (Coffea arabica), 80, 81 127, 130–31 Carnegiea gigantea, Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar Collectors. See Plant collectors; U.S. 125 Cereus hildmannianus, 127 periwinkle), Exploring Expedition (1838–1842) 117 Cleistocactus winteri, 128 Cattleya maxima (orchid), Columbian Institute for the Promotion of 118–19 15–18, 29, 55 Cotyledon tomentosa ssp. ladismithiensis Cattleya Portia ‘Coerulea’ (orchid), Arts and Sciences, (Bear’s paw), 133 Cecropia peltata (snakewood), 86 documents relating to, 17, 18 Echinopsis oxygona, flower of, 127 Central America, plants from, 77 Colysis wrightii, 135 Echinopsis oxygona, 128 Cereus hildmannianus (cactus), 127 Cone-bearing plants, 107, 135–36, 136–37, 138 Opuntia engelmannii var. Ceylon, nutmeg from, 28 See also Cycads 127–28 lindheimeri, Chicago Botanic Garden, 41 Congress, U.S. See also Succulents; World Deserts Children’s Garden, 142, 142–43 Botanic Garden funding by, 29, 33, 56 24 25 105, 135 California, plants from, , , Chilopsis linearis ssp. linearis (desert willow), early Botanic Garden and, 16–18, 20, California poppy (Eschscholzia californica), 105 101, 101 54, 55 Index 171 plans for Washington D.C. and, 53 Cyathea cooperi (Australian tree fern), 135, Earthstar (Cryptanthus fosterianus), 46 138–39 Smithsonian Institution and, 48 East and West Galleries, 144–45 31 42, 86, 135–36, 136 U.S. Exploring Expedition and, 20 Cycads, , East Courtyard: Children’s Garden, 22, 23, 26, 79 86 142 142–43 See also Joint Committee on the Cycas circinalis, , , , 136 136 Library; U.S. Capitol , East Indies, plants collected from, 35 26 131 Conservation, 41, 43, 85, 99, 111 Encephalartos horridus, , Echinocactus grusonii (golden barrel cactus), 136 98 99 See also Endangered plants; Habitat Zamia skinneri, , destruction See also Garden Primeval; Palms Echinodorus floridanus (Florida burrhead), 105 Conservatory, 75–145 Cyclamen, Garden Court exhibits of, 78 Echinopsis oxygona (cactus), 127, 128 1997–2001 rebuilding of, 38–39, 39, 40, Cynara cardunculus (cardoon), 157 Economic plants, 42, 77 41, 70, 72–73 “Electra botanica” (fiber sculpture), 145 as living plant museum, 15, 41, 75, 108 Dana, James Dwight, 20 Elephant ear (Alocasia ‘Calodora’), 86 map of, 164 Darlington, William, 24 Elephant foot tree (Nolina recurvata), 127 modern roofline of, 12,50,146,154,180 Darlingtonia californica (pitcher plant), 24, 25 Elliot, William, 18 1930s buildings of, 36, 37, 38, 68, 68, 69, Dendrobium nobile (orchid), 122 Elms (Ulmus americana), 35, 46 70 70–71 , Denver Botanic Gardens, 41 propagation of, 46 38–39, 45, 46, 78 78 special displays in, , , Desert willow (Chilopsis linearis ssp. Encephalartos horridus (ferocious blue cycad), 110–11 linearis), 101, 101 26, 131 13 29 29–31 33 Victorian buildings of, , , , , Deserts, 127 Endangered plants, 98, 99, 99 33 34 35, 56 57–63 66–67 , , , , See also Cacti; Drought-adapted in Alabama, 105 See also names of Conservatory sections plants; Succulents; World Deserts conservation of, 42, 43, 75, 99, 101–102, Corcoran College of Art + Design, 41 Dichorisandra thyrsifolia (ginger), 94 105 Corpse flower. See Titan arum Didierea madagascariensis (octopus tree), 127 documentation of, 42 Cosmetics, plant sources of, 77 Dionaea muscipula (Venus’flytrap), 44, 45 in Florida, 102, 105 Cotton palm (Washingtonia filifera), 140 Discoveries. See Plant discoveries from Hawaii, 26, 42, 108, 110–11 Cotyledon tomentosa ssp. ladismithiensis Docents, work of, 41, 41 in Pacific Northwest, 124 133 (bear’s paw), Drayton, Joseph, 22 in Texas, 105 35 Crittenden, J. J., Drought-adapted plants, 101–2, 127–28 threats to, 42, 43, 99, 102 46 Cryptanthus fosterianus (earthstar), See also Cacti; Succulents; World from Vietnam, 43 56 56 Crystal Palace (London), , Deserts See also CITES; Habitat destruction 86 92–93 105 Ctenanthe spp. (prayer plant), , Dune sunflowers (Helianthus debilis), Enthoffer, T., 65 121 13 77 Curcuma longa (turmeric), Dyes, plant sources for, , Ephedra sinica (Ma huang, or Chinese Cutbush, Edward, 16 Dypsis lastelliana (teddy bear palm), 86 ephedra), 121 172 A Botanic Garden for the Nation Epiphytes, 86, 89, 89, 93, 113 Flavoring, plant sources of, 77 Ginkgo biloba (maidenhair tree), 136, 136 See also Orchids Florida, plants from, 102, 105 Gloxinia, from Brazil, 26 Equisetum hyemale (scouring rush), 135 Florida burrhead (Echinodorus floridanus), 105 Golden barrel cactus (Echinocactus grusonii), Eschscholzia californica (California poppy), Food, plant sources for, 13, 41, 43, 75, 77, 107 98, 99 105 Fragrance, plant sources of, 41, 77 Golden shower orchid (Oncidium Eschscholzia mexicana (Mexican gold sphacelatum), 116 128 poppy), Gaillardia aestivalis var. winkleri Golden trumpet vine (Allamanda cathartica), 122 Euphorbiaceae (Old World succulents), 127 (gaillardia),