CAM BRIDGE C OUNT"GEOGRAPH IES ILL A M A M : . U E D D e . G M R . Gen ral Editor F H H , , OX FO RDS H IR E CAM B RIDGE UN IV E RS IT"PRE S S TE R LAN . ZLonb on : F E T E , E C " M F . C A N AGE R C . LA , I OO P R IN C E S S TR E E T QEDmhurgb : , 33mm: A . AS H E R AN D C O. F B R K l eimig : . A . OC H AU S P ’ P . TN M 5mm Q urk: G. U A S S ON S : M AC M ILLA N AN D LTD ifi omh ag am: Qtalcutta CO . 9 A l l rzg /z ts reserve/ ’ ’ ’ Ca m érza g e C ou n ty n rczpé zes O X F O R D S H I R E "X kk) ? “ F I D P T H E L M . A P S A . H ? D I C . , , With M s s s s ap , Diagram and Illu tration C a m bridge “ a t t h e U n iv ersit y Press ERRATU M - - for ri bt ba n d a l e t ba n d. O n p . 7 9 g re d f NOT A E . s thi s book w a s first publi shed before the s 1 1 1 s s complete figure of the 9 cen u were available , the figure s below are supplied to take the place of s tho e given in the following page s. Oxford shire 1 a s 8 8 -oh - a m s 6 6 Adderbury , E t 5 Henley Th e 4 5 w e st o o 1 n 3 34 Ho k N rton 349 A sth a ll 3 1 9 Ifll ey 3 5 7 B a m pton 1 2 4 0 I slip 5 6 6 B a nbury K el m sc ot 1 5 9 Beckley 2 4 8 Kidli n gton 1 0 8 7 Be n son 9 8 5 Kirtli n gton 6 1 6 Bice ster 3 3 8 5 L a ngley 4 5 Bletchingdon 4 8 8 Littlem ore 1 9 0 9 Bl oxh a m 1 3 35 M a pledurh a m 5 4 7 Broughton 1 3 2 Mi n ster Lovell 44 8 Burford 1 0 4 7 Northleigh 6 5 0 C a ver sh a m 9 8 5 8 Oxford C a o 6 o a h lgr ve 3 4 R llright, Gre t 34 9 C h a rlbury 1 3 0 7 R ot h erfi el d Grey s 6 0 6 C hi n nor 9 7 5 Peppa rd 6 0 6 C hipping Norton 39 7 2 S hipl a ke 1 2 3 6 Cogges 8 8 8 S hipton -u n der -Wychwood 6 5 4 Cowley 2 5 1 0 Som erton 2 7 4 C ropredy 4 0 5 Sta nton H a rcourt 4 6 5 Cuddesdon 2 7 4 Sta n ton St John 39 7 1 6 6 Tew a 6 Deddington 4 , Gre t 3 9 Dorche ster 8 0 4 Th a m e 2 9 5 7 E n ston e 9 3 2 Wa tlington 1 5 4 8 Ewel m e 4 7 9 Whea tley 9 6 6 Eye a n d Dun sden 1 1 7 3 Whitchurch 8 4 7 Eynsh a m 1 6 8 3 Witn ey 3 5 2 9 Fritwell 4 5 3 Wol verc ot e 1 2 9 7 Goring 1 7 8 5 Wood stock 1 5 9 4 H a nwell 1 9 4 Wootton 6 1 0 a s a 1 o 6 H eley , Gre t 5 7 Wroxt n 5 9 Hea dington 4 4 8 8 PRE FAC E H s a IS book need little preface . In accord nce with the pre scribed scheme of thi s series of County Geographie s the author h a s tried to describe the physical s O s it s it s s s s feature of xford hire , people, indu trie , hi tory, s e s antiquitie , archit cture and famou men , and to recall the story of Oxford with it s seven centuries of University s life , the Saxon and Norman tronghold that played s s s a great part in the Dani h trife , and in the civil war s e h a s of the twelfth and ev nteenth centuries. It been a pleasant task to wander again through t h e old-world s s town and village of the county , and to attempt to lead s e it s s it s s other to admir remarkable churche , fine example s s of dome tic and collegiate architecture , and to intere t it them in s hi story . The author desires to express h is thanks to all who e ss s t h e s hav a i ted him in writing of thi book, to M r e F s h a s Llewelyn Tr acher , W ho e aid been s s s mo t valuable in the geological and kindred ection , s G G u illem a rd and e pecially to the eneral Editor , D r , h is e for editorial car . P . H . D . a n u a r 1 1 2 y y , 9 . CO NTE NTS C a n d S Th e n of fo s ounty hire . Origi Ox rd hire a a n d a a Con Gener l C h a r a cteri stic s. Position N tur l dit ion s S z . a a i e Sh pe . Bound rie s Surfa ce a n d Genera l Fea tures River s Geol ogy a n d Soil s — N a tur a l Hi story F a un a a n d Flora Clim a te — a a S m s a n People R ce , Di lect , ettle ent , Popul tio — a C a s S W a s Agriculture M in ultiv tion , tock , oodl nd Industries a n d M a nufa ctures — A Speci a l I n dustry Witn ey Bl a nkets (Ma rries a n d Minera l s Hi story ofthe County — n s s o m a Sa A tiquitie Prehi t ric , Ro n , xon viii CONTENTS — Architecture (a ) Ecclesi a stica l — a s s Architecture (b) Milita ry . C tle — c om s . a m s a n s o s Architecture ( ) D e tic F ou M i n , M a nor Houses a n d Cotta ges — Architecture (d) C olleges — e m m n a s a s a n d s . oa s a Co u ic tion P t Pre nt R d . R il a n a s wa ys. C l — Adm ini stra tion a n d Divi sions Ancie n t a n d Modern Roll ofHonour The ChiefTowns a n d Vill a ges ofOxford shire ILLU STRATI ONS Portion ofDom esd a y Book rel a ti n g t o Oxford shire f Bur ord . Hughes) a a m . Pbot M pledurh W a ter Mill ( . Frith) W o IJ n n P 0 1 . a od stock . ( V le ti e) Th e T a m n a n Pbot h es Va lley e r G ori g . ( . Frith) Th e T n P bot . S a hree Shire Sto e s. ( nsbury) S S n P S n o bot . a s F ur hire to e . ( bury) o P130 1 ) C hri st C hurch Mea d w . ( . Frith P at a n f . b C s a d s . ollege B rge Eight , Ox ord ( Frith) Pbot . Whitchurch . ( Frith) ba n P t . He ley Bridge . ( Frith) n h Pbot . O t e C herwell . ( Frith) a a Pbo a a n d o . t F ossil s of the Ki m m eridge Cl y C r lli n ( . a Ll . Tre cher) a m s on ( a a a n . Pbot . a M l t e m rry , ne r W tli gton ( Ll Tre cher) bot a a ff s a o f . P . R dcli e Ob erv t ry , Ox ord ( Hollid y) Pbot . a m s An Oxford shire F a rm . ( Ad ) m om En c c l o a edia Brit a n n ic a ) Oxford D ow n R a . (Fr the y p a Pboi Worce ster C ollege G rden s. ( . Frith) O xford U n iver sity Press Pbot Room in the B odlei a n Libra ry . ( . Frith) Wol verc ot e P a per Mill s C a S o a n . Plyot . S a s ke h p , B bury ( n bury) a s s on T a m s. Pbot . ) M r h Mill , the h e ( Frith W P o m b t . a s it n ey Bl a n ket F a ctory . ( Ad ) Pbot . a Dorchester C h u rch . ( L tter) x ILLUSTRATIONS P ot s b . M inster Lovell . ( C Hughe ) ’ Th e os So s C a .