Table of contents Silviu Miloiu Editorial Foreword ....................................................................................................... 5 Kari Alenius A Southeastern “other” with diverse challenges. Romania in Finnish schoolbooks ................................................................................................................... 7 Saulius Kaubrys Jewish faction at the Third Seimas of Lithuania in 1926-1927: on the way to the identity crisis ................................................................................................................ 27 Dalia Bukelevičiūtė European Regional Integration in the Drafting of the Eastern Pact in 1934– 1935: Interests of the Baltic Entente and the Little Entente ................................. 39 Kalervo Hovi Finland’s rapprochement to National-Socialist Germany as reaction against Winter War .................................................................................................................... 57 Dragana Kovacevic Young people from Bosnia and Herzegovina in Norway: Migration, Identity and Ethnicity ............................................................................................................... 69 Veniamin Ciobanu International reactions to the Russian suppression of the Polish insurrection (November 1830) ......................................................................................................... 87 Call for Papers ................................................................................................................ 115 Senior Editors: Vladimir Jarmolenko, Ambassador, Honorary Chairman of the Romanian Association for Baltic and Nordic Studies Ion Calafeteanu, Valahia University of Târgoviste Neagu Udroiu, Ambassador Editor in Chief: Silviu Miloiu, The Romanian Association for Baltic and Nordic Studies Associate Editors: Florin Anghel, Ovidius University of Constanta Crina Leon, Al.I. Cuza University of Iasi Bogdan Schipor, “A.D. Xenopol” Institute of History of the Romanian Academy Editorial Assistant: Costel Coroban, "Grigore Gafencu" Research Center for the History of International Relations and Cultural Studies Editorial Board: Mioara Anton, “Nicolae Iorga” Institute of History of the Romanian Academy Leonidas Donskis, European Parliament Elena Dragomir, University of Helsinki Tatiana Dragutan, Maastricht School of Management Romania Jaroslav Dvorak, Klaipeda University Raluca Glavan, Mykolas Romeris University of Vilnius Tuomas Hovi, University of Turku Saulius Kaubrys, University of Vilnius Ana-Maria Despa, "Grigore Gafencu" Research Center for the History of International Relations and Cultural Studies Tiberius Puiu, Romania International Advisory Board: Ceslovas Laurinavicius, Lithuanian Institute Kari Alenius, University of Oulu of History Ioan Chiper, “Nicolae Iorga” Institute of Marko Lehti, University of Turku History of the Romanian Academy Katalin Miklóssy, University of Helsinki Leonidas Donskis, University of Helsinki Viatcheslav Morozov, St. Petersburg State Carsten Due-Nielsen, University of University Copenhagen Valters Šcerbinskis, Riga Stradinš University Daina S. Eglitis, The George Washington David J. Smith, University of Glasgow University Viktor Trasberg, University of Tartu Björn M. Felder, Germany Sarah Tyacke, International Society of the Marta Grzechnik, University of Greifswald History of the Map Rebecca Haynes, University College of London Inga Vinogradnaitė, Institute of International Kalervo Hovi, University of Turku Relations and Political Science of Vilnius Eriks Jekabsons, University of Latvia University Mark Kramer, Harvard University Luca Zanni, Embassy of Italy in Kyiv Darius Žiemelis, University of Vilnius ISSN: 2067-1725 © Copyright by Asociaţia Română pentru Studii Baltice şi Nordice/The Romanian Association for Baltic and Nordic Studies Editorial Foreword Silviu Miloiu President of the Romanian Association for Baltic and Nordic Studies, E-mail: [email protected] Revista Română pentru Studii Baltice şi Nordice / The Romanian Journal of Baltic and Nordic Studies (RRSBN) continues the publication in this issue of a series of studies which have been presented at the annual conference on Baltic and Nordic Studies in Romania. These articles approach topics related to the relations and encounters between Black Sea and the Baltic Sea areas or various developments in the Baltic Sea region during the 20th century. Kari Alenius contributes to this issue with an analysis of the way Romania was presented in the Finnish schoolbooks. As correctly emphasized by the author, this image reflects the perception and attitude of the authors of „ the outside world and diversity”. Alenius identifies four stages in this respect: end of 1800s until the end of the First World War; early years of the 1920s to the 1950s; the 1960s to the 1980s and the last decades since the 1990s. Although each stage emphasized different characteristics of Romania, the author finds also continues among them. Saulius Kaubrys deals with the Jewish faction at the Third Seimas of Lithuania in 1926-1927. This was a time when the Jewish faction entered the government. Although it showed solidarity with its coalition partners and hoped that by doing so its aims would be dealt with, the fact that progress in this regard was slow and the coup d’état of December 1926 marked a change of attitude of the Jewish faction from pro-active to passive. Dalia Bukelevičiūtė approaches the project of the Eastern Pact of 1934–1935 from the perspective of two regional cooperation structures, the Baltic Entente and the Little Entente. The author concludes that in the process of negotiations, it became apparent that countries were more concerned with their narrow national interests than with the common security of the whole bloc. Kalervo Hovi highlights the rationalities behind Finnish decision to go to war against the Soviet Union alongside, although not in alliance, with Germany. The decision was a result of the way the Finnish elites assessed the national interest in the aftermath of the Winter War. Revista Română de Studii Baltice şi Nordice, Vol. 5, Issue 1 (2013): pp. 5-6 Dragana Kovacevic approaches the condition of Bosnians and Herzegovinans residing in Norway who moved to Norway as children and war refugees in the 1990s. It discusses the way they relate to their identity and heritage and also how the receiving society perceives their integration in the Norwegian society. Kovacevic brings into light concepts such as transnational belongings and long-distance nationalism. An outcome of ample investigations in Sveriges Riksarkivet, Veniamin Ciobanu contributes with new documents revealing the international dimension of the Russian brutal suppression of the Polish insurrection (November 1830). Countries such as Great Britain and France tried to soften the attitude of Russia towards Polish insurgents. We hope that the variety of themes tackled in this issue and their importance to the enrichment of our knowledge of past and current developments affecting the Black Sea and Baltic Sea areas will foster academic and public debates. 6 Revista Română de Studii Baltice și Nordice / The Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies, ISSN 2067- 1725, Vol. 5, Issue 1 (2013): pp. 7-26 Published online: 3 Nov 2013 SOUTHEASTERN “OTHER” WITH DIVERSE CHALLENGES. ROMANIA IN A FINNISH SCHOOLBOOKS Kari Alenius University of Oulu, E-Mail: [email protected] Abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyze what sorts of image Finnish schoolbooks have provided of Romania and why this image has been a certain kind. The analysis focuses on the key features of this image and the most pertinent factors that could explain it. It is apparent that the basic nature of this image has largely remained the same from generation to generation. The time period of the study begins with the birth of the modern Finnish school system to the modern day, or from the 1860s to the 2000s. Representations of foreign countries and other cultures in Finnish schoolbooks have been studied to some extent, but the image of Romania as part of this subject matter has so far been unexplored. The content of Finnish schoolbooks reflects the view of Romania of those who created them, as well as their attitude towards the outside world and diversity. Although there are many permanent elements in these images, there are also changes in emphasis and tone. Based on the changes found in this analysis, development can be divided into four successive stages. The first period includes the last decades of the 1800s until approximately the end of the First World War. The second period extends from the early years of the 1920s to the 1950s. The third period extends from the 1960s to the 1980s and the fourth includes the last two decades. Rezumat: Obiectivul acestui studiu este acela de a analiza care a fost imaginea României în manualele ș colare finlandeze ș i ce a generat această imagine. Analiza se concentrează asupra trăsăturilor fundamentale ale acestei imagini ș i asupra celor mai pertinenț i factori care o explică. Este evident că elementele de bază ale acestei imagini au rămas în mare parte aceleași de la generație la generație. Perioada de studiu începe de la nașterea sistemului școlar modern din Finlanda până în prezent, sau de la 1860 la 2000. Reprezentările țărilor străine și ale altor culturi în manualele școlare finlandeze au fost studiate într-o oarecare măsură, dar imaginea României, ca parte a acestui subiect, a fost până acum neexplorată. Conținutul