VTT TECHNOLOGY NOL CH OG E Y T • • R E E C S N E E A EcoNBC feasibility study I 220 R C 220 C Transforming New Borg El Arab into an EcoCity S H • S H N I G O I H S L New Borg El Arab was inaugurated in 1988 and is seen as the I I V G • H S natural extension of Alexandria, as well as one of the most T important industrial areas in Egypt. Transforming New Borg El Arab EcoNBC feasibility study City into an EcoCity was one of the main drivers for EcoNBC project (EcoCity Capacity Building in New Borg El Arab City). Carrying out a Feasibility Study to explore more in detail the viability of the idea was one of the first steps to be taken towards that transformation. In this case, it is the result of the joint effort of a team of Finnish and Egyptian experts through a series of structured workshops that took place both in Finland and Egypt, and a number of focused discussions that involved also key stakeholders. An insight into the different economic sectors has been taken and a vision of how the main issues of concern selected, namely Energy, Water and Water, should be approached from each of those sectors has been defined, of course with a special emphasis on the sustainability of the Ecosystem. This has allowed the expert team responsible for this Feasibility Study to propose practical solutions in the form of scenarios. In the case of some sectors where reliable data was available for the calculations, these scenarios have been developed down to their associated impacts. In consequence, by providing a more grounded understanding of the present situation and the opportunities for the future, this Feasibility Study can be useful for decision makers and planners, but also for investors, funding organizations and donors. EcoNBC feasibility study ISBN 978-951-38-8301-0 (URL: http://www.vttresearch.com/impact/publications) ISSN-L 2242-1211 ISSN 2242-122X (Online) Transforming New Borg El Arab into an EcoCity VTT TECHNOLOGY 220 EcoNBC feasibility study Transforming New Borg El Arab into an EcoCity Carmen Antuña Rozado, Åsa Hedman, Pekka Tuominen, Francesco Reda VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. Yehia ElMaghary, Ahmed ElShazly, Mona GamalEldin, Ali Kamel, Abdelazim Negm, Ahmed Tawfik, Heba Saeed Ahmed AbdelMonteleb, Mohamed Ayeldeen, Waled Dawoud, Bahaa Elboshy, Ghada Elshafei E-JUST Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology Mohamed Shahin Alexandria University Ahmed Yousry Cairo University ISBN 978-951-38-8301-0 (URL: http://www.vttresearch.com/impact/publications) VTT Technology 220 ISSN-L 2242-1211 ISSN 2242-122X (Online) Copyright © VTT 2015 JULKAISIJA – UTGIVARE – PUBLISHER Teknologian tutkimuskeskus VTT Oy PL 1000 (Tekniikantie 4 A, Espoo) 02044 VTT Puh. 020 722 111, faksi 020 722 7001 Teknologiska forskningscentralen VTT Ab PB 1000 (Teknikvägen 4 A, Esbo) FI-02044 VTT Tfn +358 20 722 111, telefax +358 20 722 7001 VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd P.O. Box 1000 (Tekniikantie 4 A, Espoo) FI-02044 VTT, Finland Tel. +358 20 722 111, fax +358 20 722 7001 Contents 1 Executive summary ........................................................................................................... 5 2 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 6 3 Background ....................................................................................................................... 7 3.1 Who is EcoNBC FS meant for? ................................................................................. 7 3.2 Summary of the current situation .............................................................................. 9 3.2.1 City planning ................................................................................................ 9 3.2.2 Energy ........................................................................................................ 11 3.2.3 Water .......................................................................................................... 13 3.2.4 Waste .......................................................................................................... 13 Domestic and industrial waste water ...................................................................... 13 Solid waste management ........................................................................................ 14 3.2.5 Transport .................................................................................................... 14 Existing road network ............................................................................................ 14 Existing public transport system............................................................................. 14 Existing pedestrian and bicycle transport................................................................ 14 Railway line and stations in NBC ........................................................................... 15 Borg el Arab International Airport ......................................................................... 15 3.3 Stakeholders involved ............................................................................................. 15 4 Scope .............................................................................................................................. 16 4.1 Sectors considered .................................................................................................. 16 4.1.1 Residential .................................................................................................. 16 4.1.2 Commercial/Public facilities ....................................................................... 17 4.1.3 Industrial ..................................................................................................... 18 4.1.4 Services/Utilities ......................................................................................... 19 4.1.5 Transport .................................................................................................... 22 5 Vision ............................................................................................................................. 25 5.1 General overview .................................................................................................... 26 5.1.1 Energy ........................................................................................................ 26 5.1.2 Water .......................................................................................................... 26 5.1.3 Waste .......................................................................................................... 26 5.1.4 Other independent issues ............................................................................. 27 5.2 Vision and targets per sector ................................................................................... 27 5.2.1 Residential .................................................................................................. 27 5.2.2 Commercial/Public facilities ....................................................................... 28 5.2.3 Industrial ..................................................................................................... 29 5.2.4 Services/Utilities ......................................................................................... 30 5.2.5 Transport .................................................................................................... 30 6 Scenarios ........................................................................................................................ 31 6.1 General scenarios .................................................................................................... 31 3 6.1.1 BAU scenario ............................................................................................. 32 6.1.2 LIS scenario ................................................................................................ 32 6.1.3 HIS scenario ............................................................................................... 33 6.2 Scenarios per sector ................................................................................................ 34 6.2.1 Residential sector ........................................................................................ 34 6.2.2 Transport sector .......................................................................................... 39 7 Impacts ........................................................................................................................... 43 7.1 Residential sector .................................................................................................... 43 7.1.1 Energy and CO2 emissions .......................................................................... 43 7.1.2 Cost effectiveness analysis .......................................................................... 45 7.1.3 Social impact analysis ................................................................................. 47 7.2 Transport sector ...................................................................................................... 48 7.2.1 Evaluation process for projecting the transportation energy consumption and emissions under different policies ............................................................... 48 7.2.2 Transport Forecast Models .......................................................................... 49 7.2.3 Energy/Emission Rates in NBC................................................................... 50 7.2.4 The