2007年度 修士論文 Waterways in Urban Tokyo Laura Mártires ローラマルティレス 東京大学大学院新領域創成科学研究科 社会文化環境学専攻 Table of Contents Acknowledgements..........................................................................................................................................04 Introduction......................................................................................................................................................05 Methodology.....................................................................................................................................................07 Chapter 1: Cities and Water..............................................................................................................................08 1.1. Cities and Water: The Beginning...................................................................................................................10 1.2. Urban Sustainability.......................................................................................................................................10 1.3. Urban Regeneration:The Role of The Waterfront .........................................................................................12 Chapter 2: Waterfront General Topics...............................................................................................................14 2.1. Urban Waterfront Development......................................................................................................................15 2.2. Design and Management Issues....................................................................................................................17 2.3. Waterfront Redevelopment Examples............................................................................................................22 2.3.1. The Best and the Worst: General Examples..................................................................................................22 2.3.2. Hafencity, Hamburg........................................................................................................................................25 2.3.3. Two rivers: LA and Cheonggyecheon............................................................................................................27 2.3.4. Water Spaces in Japan: Projects and Successful Cases..............................................................................31 Chapter 3: Tokyo: A Lost City of Water?............................................................................................................38 3.1. Tokyo: The Metropolis....................................................................................................................................38 3.1.1. Urban Character and History..........................................................................................................................38 3.1.2. Urban Visions..................................................................................................................................................40 3.2. Tokyo’s Waterways: History, Background and Evolution................................................................................42 3.3. Waterfront Planning........................................................................................................................................44 3.3.1. Tokyo’s Reconstruction Plan, 1993 Report................................................................................. ..................44 3.3.2. Tokyo’s 2nd Long Term Plan 1987.................................................................................................................45 3.3.3. Environment White Plan 2006........................................................................................................................45 3.3.4. Tokyo Government Priorities 2007.................................................................................................................46 3.4. The Importance of Rivers and Canals............................................................................................................46 Chapter 4: Tokyo’s Waterways..........................................................................................................................48 4.1. Field Work Analysis........................................................................................................................................48 4.1.1. Methodology...................................................................................................................................................48 4.1.2. Picture Gallery................................................................................................................................................48 4.1.3. River Mapping................................................................................................................................................58 4.1.4. River Network.................................................................................................................................................58 01 4.2. River Individual Characterization....................................................................................................................60 4.2.1. Kiba Canals.....................................................................................................................................................60 4.2.2. Furukawa and Shibuya Rivers.......................................................................................................................61 4.2.3. Imperial Moats.................................................................................................................................................62 4.2.4. Kanda River....................................................................................................................................................63 4.2.5. Kitajukken River..............................................................................................................................................64 4.2.6. Komatsu River................................................................................................................................................65 4.2.7. Meguro River..................................................................................................................................................66 4.2.8. Myoushoji River..............................................................................................................................................67 4.2.9. Nihombashi River...........................................................................................................................................68 4.2.10. Onagi River...................................................................................................................................................69 4.2.11. Ooyoko River................................................................................................................................................70 4.2.12. Outer Moat Kagurazaka................................................................................................................................71 4.2.13. Sendaihori Moat...........................................................................................................................................72 4.2.14. Shakujii River................................................................................................................................................73 4.2.15. Shinagawa Canals........................................................................................................................................74 4.2.16. Sumida River.................................................................................................................................................75 4.2.17. Yokojukken River..........................................................................................................................................76 4.2.18. Zenppukuji River...........................................................................................................................................77 4.3. Synthesis........................................................................................................................................................78 Chapter 5: Waterway Agenda.............................................................................................................................80 5.1. Tokyo: Waterway Vision..................................................................................................................................81 5.1.1. Restore Waterway Ecosystems......................................................................................................................82 5.1.2. Reconnect Waterways to the City...................................................................................................................83 5.1.3. Create Value: For the City and the Citizens....................................................................................................84 5.2. Scale Based Strategies & Proposals...............................................................................................................86 5.2.1. Network Scale..................................................................................................................................................86 5.2.2. River Scale......................................................................................................................................................88