DRAFT REVIEW OF SIGNIFICANT WATER MANAGEMENT ISSUES FOR RIVER BASINS DISTRICTS Material for public consultation Project: “Preparation of the second update to River Basin Management Plans together with the planning documents constituting the basis for their preparation”, Project No.: POIS.02.01.00-00-0016/16 DRAFT REVIEW OF SIGNIFICANT WATER MANAGEMENT ISSUES FOR RIVER BASINS Material for Public Consultation Warsaw, 2019 r. Project: “Preparation of the second update to River Basin Management Plans together with the planning documents constituting the basis for their preparation”, Project No.: POIS.02.01.00-00-0016/16 DRAFT REVIEW OF SIGNIFICANT WATER MANAGEMENT ISSUES FOR RIVER BASINS Material for Public Consultation Warsaw 2019 Project: “Preparation of the second update to River Basin Management Plans together with the planning documents constituting the basis for their preparation”, Project No.: POIS.02.01.00-00-0016/16 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................... 2 List of Acronyms ...................................................................................................................................... 5 List of Figures ........................................................................................................................................... 7 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 8 2 Nationwide Problem Areas ......................................................................................................... 16 2.1 Qualitative Protection of Surface Waters and Groundwaters .......................................... 16 2.1.1 Impact of Agricultural Emissions on Water Status .............................................. 16 2.1.2 Impact of Emissions from Fish Rearing and Farming on Water Status ................ 20 2.1.3 Impact of Municipal Emissions on Water Status, including Protection against Wastewater from Households, Recreational Areas and Landfills ....................... 21 2.1.4 Impact of Industrial Emissions on Water Status .................................................. 25 2.1.5 Impact of Atmospheric Deposition on Water Status ........................................... 26 2.2 Morphological Changes of Surface Waters ...................................................................... 27 2.2.1 Impact of Hydromorphological Emissions on Water Status ................................ 27 2.2.2 Impact of Insufficient Potential of Natural Retention and River Restoration, Making Technical Methods of Flood Protection Necessary, on Water Status .... 37 2.2.3 Impact of the Restricted River Passability (in terms of the potential for migration of bi-environmental fish) on Water Status .......................................................... 39 2.3 Protection of Quantitaive Surface and Groundwater Status ............................................ 41 2.3.1 Impact of Climate Change on Water Status and Drought Protection.................. 41 2.3.2 Impact of Excessive Surface Water and Groundwater Intake on their Status ..... 44 2.3.3 Lack of Implementation of Effective Regulation Regarding the Impact of Environmental Flows on Water Status ................................................................ 46 2.4 Legal, Organisational and Social Aspects .......................................................................... 48 2.4.1 Ensuring the Effectiveness of the New Institutional System for the Implementation of WFD Environmental Objectives ............................................ 48 2.4.2 Reducing the Development Pressure on Flood Risk Areas (preserving and restoring natural retention areas) ....................................................................... 50 2.4.3 Ensuring Effective Mechanisms for Obtaining Rights to Real Estate for the Purpose of River Restoration and Recreation of Natural Retention for Flood Prevention Purposes. ........................................................................................... 51 2.4.4 Implementation of Effective Legal Regulations Concerning the Method of Estimating Environmental Flows .......................................................................... 52 2.4.5 Effective Enforcement of New Regulations Concerning the Implementation of the Principle of Cost Recovery for Water Services .............................................. 54 Draft Review of Significant Water Management Issues – Material for Public Consultation 2 Project: “Preparation of the second update to River Basin Management Plans together with the planning documents constituting the basis for their preparation”, Project No.: POIS.02.01.00-00-0016/16 2.5 Economic and Financial Aspects ....................................................................................... 55 2.5.1 Efficiency of Water Resources Usage, Especially in terms of Water Utilisation for Industrial and Municipal Purposes ...................................................................... 55 2.5.2 Problem of Financing Sources .............................................................................. 58 3 Significant Problems in Individual River Basin Districts .............................................................. 59 3.1 The Vistula River Basin District ......................................................................................... 59 3.1.1 Qualitative Protection of Surface Waters and Groundwaters ............................. 59 3.1.2 Morphological Changes of Surface Waters .......................................................... 64 3.1.3 Protection of Qualitative Surface and Groundwater Status ................................ 67 3.2 The Oder River basin District ............................................................................................ 73 3.2.1 Qualitative Protection of Surface Waters and Groundwaters ............................. 73 3.2.2 Morphological Changes of Surface Waters .......................................................... 77 3.2.3 Protection of Quantitative Surface and Groundwater Status ............................. 79 3.3 The Elbe River Basin District ............................................................................................. 86 3.3.1 Qualitative Protection of Surface Waters and Groundwaters ............................. 86 3.3.2 Morphological Changes of Surface Waters .......................................................... 87 3.3.3 Protection of Quantitative Surface and Groundwater Status ............................. 87 3.4 The Banovka River Basin District ...................................................................................... 89 3.4.1 Qualitative Protection of Surface Waters and Groundwaters ............................. 89 3.4.2 Morphological Changes of Surface Waters .......................................................... 90 3.4.3 Protection of Quantitative Surface and Groundwater Status ............................. 91 3.5 The Prokhladnaya River Basin District .............................................................................. 93 3.5.1 Qualitative Protection of Surface Waters and Groundwaters ............................. 93 3.5.2 Morphological Changes of Surface Waters .......................................................... 93 3.5.3 Protection of Quantitative Surface and Groundwater Status ............................. 94 3.6 The Neman River Basin District......................................................................................... 96 3.6.1 Qualitative Protection of Surface Waters and Groundwaters ............................. 96 3.6.2 Morphological Changes of Surface Waters .......................................................... 97 3.6.3 Protection of Quantitative Surface and Groundwater Status ............................. 98 3.7 The Pregoyla River Basin District ...................................................................................... 99 3.7.1 Qualitative Protection of Surface Waters and Groundwaters ............................. 99 3.7.2 Morphological Changes of Surface Waters ........................................................ 101 3.7.3 Protection of Quantitative Surface and Groundwater Status ........................... 102 3.8 The Dniester River Basin District..................................................................................... 104 3.8.1 Qualitative Protection of Surface Waters and Groundwaters ........................... 104 Draft Review of Significant Water Management Issues – Material for Public Consultation 3 Project: “Preparation of the second update to River Basin Management Plans together with the planning documents constituting the basis for their preparation”, Project No.: POIS.02.01.00-00-0016/16 3.8.2 Morphological Changes of Surface Waters ........................................................ 105 3.8.3 Protection of Quantitative Surface Water Status .............................................. 105 3.9 The Danube River Basin District ...................................................................................... 107 3.9.1 Qualitative Protection of Surface Waters and Groundwaters ........................... 107 3.9.2 Morphological Changes of Surface Waters ........................................................ 108 3.9.3 Protection of Quantitative Surface and Groundwater Status ........................... 108 3.10 Significant Economic and Financial Problems in