Mips 16 bit instruction set Continue Instruction set architecture MIPSDesignerMIPS Technologies, Imagination TechnologiesBits64-bit (32 → 64)Introduced1985; 35 years ago (1985)VersionMIPS32/64 Issue 6 (2014)DesignRISCTypeRegister-RegisterEncodingFixedBranchingCompare and branchEndiannessBiPage size4 KBExtensionsMDMX, MIPS-3DOpenPartly. The R12000 has been on the market for more than 20 years and therefore cannot be subject to patent claims. Thus, the R12000 and old processors are completely open. RegistersGeneral Target32Floating Point32 MIPS (Microprocessor without interconnected pipeline stages) is a reduced setting of the Computer Set (RISC) Instruction Set Architecture (ISA):A-3:19, developed by MIPS Computer Systems, currently based in the United States. There are several versions of MIPS: including MIPS I, II, III, IV and V; and five MIPS32/64 releases (for 32- and 64-bit sales, respectively). The early MIPS architectures were only 32-bit; The 64-bit versions were developed later. As of April 2017, the current version of MIPS is MIPS32/64 Release 6. MiPS32/64 differs primarily from MIPS I-V, defining the system Control Coprocessor kernel preferred mode in addition to the user mode architecture. The MIPS architecture has several additional extensions. MIPS-3D, which is a simple set of floating-point SIMD instructions dedicated to common 3D tasks, MDMX (MaDMaX), which is a more extensive set of SIMD instructions using 64-bit floating current registers, MIPS16e, which adds compression to flow instructions to make programs that take up less space, and MIPS MT, which adds layered potential. Computer architecture courses in universities and technical schools often study MIPS architecture. Architecture has had a major impact on later RISC architectures such as Alpha. History This section needs to be expanded. You can help by adding to it. (February 2020) See also: MIPS Technologies The first version of miPS architecture was developed by MIPS Computer Systems for its R2000 microprocessor, the first implementation of MIPS. Both MIPS and R2000 were introduced together in 1985. When MIPS II was introduced, MIPS was renamed MIPS I to distinguish it from the new version. The R6000 (1989) MIPS Computer Systems (1989) was the first miPS II. R6000, designed for servers, was manufactured and sold by Bipolar Integrated Technology, but was a commercial glitch. In the mid-1990s, many of the new 32-bit MIPS processors for built-in systems were MIPS II implementations, because the introduction of the 64-bit MIPS III architecture in 1991 left MIPS II as the newest 32-bit MIPS architecture before MIPS32 was introduced in 1999.A'3:19 MIPS computer systems R4000 microprocessor (1991) was the first implementation of MIPS III. for use in personal, workstations and servers MIPS Computer Systems actively promoted the MIPS and R4000 architecture by creating the Advanced Computing Environment (ACE) consortium to promote its Advanced RISC Computing (ARC) standard, which aims to create MIPS as the dominant personal computer platform. ARC has not found much success in personal computers, but the R4000 (and R4400 derivative) has been widely used in workstations and server computers, especially its largest user, Silicon Graphics. Other uses of the R4000 included high-quality built-in systems and supercomputers. MIPS III was eventually implemented by a number of embedded microprocessors. The R4600 (1993) and its quantum effect derivatives were widely used in high-quality built-in systems and low-level workstations and servers. MIPS Technologies' R4200 (1994) was designed for built-in systems, laptops and personal computers. The derivative, the R4300i, manufactured by NEC Electronics, was used in the Nintendo 64 game console. The Nintendo 64, along with the PlayStation, were among the highest-volume users of MIPS architecture processors in the mid-1990s. The first implementation of MIPS IV was the MIPS Technologies R8000 microprocessor chipset (1994). The R8000 was built at Silicon Graphics, Inc., and was only used in high-quality workstations and servers for science and technology applications, where high performance on large floating point loads was important. Later realizations were MIPS Technologies R10000 (1996) and quantum effects devices R5000 (1996) and RM7000 (1998). The R10000, manufactured and sold by NEC Electronics and Toshiba, and its derivatives were used by NEC, Pyramid Technology, Silicon Graphics, Inc. and Tandem Computers (among others) on workstations, servers and supercomputers. The R5000 and R7000 are used in high-quality built-in systems, personal computers and low-level workstations and servers. The derivative of Toshiba's R5000, R5900, was used by Sony Computer Entertainment's Emotion Engine, which powered its PlayStation 2 gaming console. Announced on October 21, 1996 at the Microprocessor Forum 1996 along with the expansion of MIPS Digital Media Extensions (MDMX), MIPS V was designed to enhance the performance of 3D graphic transformations. In the mid-1990s, the main use of non-embedded MIPS microprocessors was SGI graphics workstations. The MIPS V was completed by the only INtegrator extension of MDMX to provide a complete system to improve the performance of 3D graphics applications. MiPS V implementations were never presented. On May 12, 1997, SGI announced the H1 (Beast) and H2 microprocessors (Captain). The first was to be the first introduction of MIPS V and was to be introduced in the first half of 1999 The H1 and H2 projects were later merged and eventually cancelled in 1998. Although there were no miPS V, V, Issue 1 (1999) was based on MIPS V and retains all its features as an additional Coprocessor 1 (FPU) feature called Paired-Single. When MIPS Technologies was spun off from Silicon Graphics in 1998, it refocused on the built-in market. Unlike the MIPS V, each subsequent version was a strict supernet of the previous version, but this property was recognized as a problem, and the definition of architecture was changed to define the 32-bit and 64-bit architecture: MIPS32 and MIPS64. Both were introduced in 1999. MIPS32 is based on MIPS II with some additional features from MIPS III, MIPS IV and MIPS V; MIPS64 based on MIPS V., Toshiba and SiByte (later acquired by Broadcom) received licenses for MIPS64 immediately after it was announced. Since then, they have been joined by Philips, LSI Logic, IDT, Raza Microelectronics, Inc., Cavium, Loongson Technology and Ingenic Semiconductor. MIPS32/MIPS64 Issue 5 was announced on December 6, 2012. Issue 4 was missed because number four is perceived as unsuccessful in many Asian cultures. In December 2018, Wave Computing, the new owner of MIPS architecture, announced that MIPS ISA would be open source in a program called MIPS Open. The program was designed to open access to the latest versions of both 32-bit and 64-bit designs, making them available without any licensing or royalties, as well as granting participants licenses for existing MIPS patents. In March 2019, one version of the architecture was available under a free license, but later that year the program was closed again. The design of this section needs to be expanded. You can help by adding to it. (February 2020) MIPS presents it with a modular architecture that supports up to four coprocessors (CP0/1/2/3). In MIPS C0 terminology, it is a system control coprocessor (an integral part of the MIPS I-V implementation processor), CP1 is an additional floating point unit (FPU), and CP2/3 are additional implementation coprocessors (MIPS III deleted CP3 and reused its opcodes for other purposes). For example, the PlayStation CP2 game console is a geometry conversion engine (GTE) that speeds up geometry processing in 3D computer graphics. MiPS I MIPS versions are load/shop architecture (also known as register-register architecture); with the exception of the download/storage instructions used to access memory, all instructions work on registers. The MIPS I Registers has thirty-two 32-bit general purpose registers (GPR). Register $0 wired to zero and writes it discarded. Registration $31 is a link register. A pair of 32-bit registers, HI and LO, are provided for multiplication and separation instructions that work asynchronously from other instructions. a small set of instructions for copying data between common common and HI/LO registers. The program counter has 32 bits. Two low-order bats always contain zero, as MIPS I instructions are 32 bits long and correspond to their natural word boundaries. Instructions are divided into three types: R, I, and J. Each instruction starts with a 6-bit opcode. In addition to the opcode, the R-type instructions define three registers, a shift margin, and a field of function; I-type instructions define two registers and a 16-bit immediate value; The J-type instructions follow the opcode with a 26-bit jump target. A-174 The following three formats used for the main set of instructions: Type -31- format (bit) -0- R opcode (6) rs (5) rt (5) rd (5) shamt (5) funct (5) 6) I opcode (6) rs (5) rt (5) immediately (16) J opcode (6) address (26) instructions on MIPS I have instructions, that load and store 8-bit bytes, 16-bit half-words, and 32-bit words. Only one address mode is supported: basic movement. Because MIPS I is a 32-bit architecture, loading volumes of less than 32 bits requires that the datum be either signed or expanded to 32 bits. Load instructions, suffixed unsigned, perform zero extension; otherwise, the sign is being extended. Instructions for downloading the source of the base from GPR content (rs) and write the result to another GPR (rt). Instructions for storing the source of the database from GPR (rs) and store data from another GPR (rt). All download and storage instructions calculate the memory address, summing up the base with a 16-bit sign immediately. MIPS I requires that all memory accesses be aligned with their natural word boundaries, otherwise an exception is signaled.