Department of Education SPTVE TECHNICAL DRAWING 7 Module 1:Quarter 1 DR. ARMANDO N. ROMERO Validator Schools Division Office – Muntinlupa City Student for Life Skills Bldg., Centennial Ave., Brgy. Tunasan, Muntinlupa City (02) 8805-9935 / (02) 8805-9940 1 DISCLAIMER Most of the content of this module is lifted from CBLM in Technical Drawing 7, copyright, Department of Education 2008. Graphics were added to enhance students’ understanding of concepts. Likewise relevant activities were added to make the module appropriate for distance modular learning. The activities were prepared by Natalie Mayo, Ailyn Dy and James Gabriel Evasco. Barrowed photos included in this module are owned by their respective copyright owners. The publisher does not claim ownership over them. Program/Course: TECHNICAL DRAWING I Unit of Competency: PREPARE FREEHAND DRAWING Module Title : Preparing Freehand Drawing INTRODUCTION People around the world speak with different languages but they come up with common understanding on drawing. That’s why drawing is called a universal language. This material is intended as a self – learning module. It covers topics on freehand drawing with emphasis on performing different lettering styles and techniques and preparing different drawing tools and materials. Equipped with these concepts, the student can then competently transmit the ideas through a drawing. SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES Upon the completion of this module, you will be able to: LO 1 Perform different lettering styles and techniques. LO 2 Sketch simple objects. LO 2 Preparing drawing tools and materials. 2 Program/Course: TECHNICAL DRAWING I Unit of Competency: PREPARE FREEHAND DRAWING Module Title : Preparing Freehand Drawing Learning Outcome 1 :Perform different lettering styles and techniques ASSESSMENT CRITERIA 1. Importance of lettering is properly explained 2. Each style of letter is performed on commercial standards. 3. Care and maintenance of lettering instruments are properly observed and practiced. 4. Appropriate lettering instruments are correctly used. Let’s have an assessment on how much do you know about technical drawing specifically letterings and drawing tools and materials. PRE-TEST I. Match column A with column B by writing your answer on the blank before the number. Choose your answers from the group with the same color background. COLUMN A COLUMN B 3 II. Directions: There are twelve (12) different drafting tools, equipment and materials that can be found in the puzzle. Identify at least ten (10) of them. 4 INFORMATION SHEET NO. 1,1 Skill in lettering is a basic requirement for a student in drawing. He must be exposed to the lettering activities to orient him on the quality standard in printing letters. Lettering is used as a form of communication. As applied in drawing, it adds beauty if it is well-printed. Likewise, it can destroy the appearance of the drawing once it is not done well. The Four Group of Letters 1. Gothic Letters. They are the most simple and readable among the four groups of letters. It has a uniform stem. It should be applied only for poster an advertisement purposes. Two forms of gothic letters: a. Commercial Gothic. It is printed with heavy stem. It is used for advertisement purposes only. b. Single Stroke. It is printed with thin stem. It is used for engineering drawing purposes. 2. Roman Letters. The thickness of these letters is not uniform. they have pointed stem which is called “serif”. They must be used for books, magazine, newspapers, and text matters. 5 The Three Classics of Roman Letters: a. Old Roman Letters. They are printed by means of layout form using the flexible lettering pen. The thickness of the thin stem must be ½ from the thickness of the heavy stem b. Modern Roman Letters. They are printed in single stroke using the speedball pen. c. Modified Roman. Similar to Modern Roman, they are printed in single stroke using the speedball pen. However, this style must be printed in the absence of serif. 3. Spanish Script. It is considered as artistic letters. It is purposely used for certificates, diplomas, citations, greetings and invitation cards. 4. Text or Old English. This style is the most artistic among the four groups of letter. Similar to Spanish script, it is also used for certificates, diplomas, citations, greetings and invitation cards. 6 The Rule of Stability of letters This refers to the standard rules to be considered in printing the letters particularly on the following: 1. Upper Case letters. They are letters which are printed in capital form. Three guidelines are cap line, waist line, and base line. Example: 2. Lower Case Letters. These are the letters which are printed in small letters printed with the use of four guidelines such as cap line, waist line, base line, and dropped line. Example: The General Proportion of Letters 1. Compressed or Condensed. This particular proportion should be applied only when the space is limited. The letters are printed with closer distance and its width is narrower than the normal size. Example: 2. Extended. This proportion is applied when there is a more space. The width of the letter is wider than the height. Example: 3. Normal. This proportion is applied when there is normal space. The letter is printed in the normal size. Example: 7 The Two Proportion of Thickness 1. Boldface. This refers to the letters which are printed with heavy stem. Example: 2. Lightface. This refers to the letters which are printed with thin stem. Example: Order of Strokes in Lettering The first letters that should be studied are I, L, T, F, E, H. These letters are the easiest to draw because the basic strokes are vertical and horizontal. You should practice making these letters according to the models. The next group P, R, B, U and J requires close study because of the introduction of the curved line aside from the three already given. The last group of letters is C, G, O, Q, D and S which are based on the circle. The M and W must be printed wider than the other letters. It is suggested therefore that its width should be greater than the other letters by 25 percent. The letter I is the thinnest letter. Making Numerals All mechanical drawings involve the use of numerals, hence, they should be studied closely. Notice that in the figures below are all 6 units and 5 units wide except 1. All figures are composed of the essential strokes found in the letters which are straight and curved. See Figures 1.1 and 1.2 8 Figure 1.1 Single Stroke Vertical Upper Case Letters and Numer Figure 1.2 Single stroke Inclined Upper Case Letters and Numerals In figure 1.2, Single stroke inclined upper case letters and numerals are inclined at 75° 9 SELF- CHECK 1.1 LO1. Perform different letter styles and techniques I .Multiple Choice. On the space provided before each item, write the letter of the word or group of words that will make the statement complete and correct. 1. Which of the styles of letter is applicable for engineering drawing? a. Single stroke gothic letters b. Commercial gothic letters c. Modified roman letters d. Modern roman letters 2. This proportion of letters is only used when the space is enough. a. compressed b. extended c. normal d. lightface 3. Among the letters below, identify which of them has widest width? a. N and O b. M and W c. C and X d. H and L 4. Which of the statements below clearly define the meaning of rule of stability? a. This refers to the standard rules to be considered in printing the letters b. This refers to the styles and methods of printing the letters. c. This refers to the three forms of proportion of letters. d. It is a standard guideline to be observed in using the different lettering tools. 5. Which of the proportion of letters below is applicable for limited space? a. compressed proportion b. extended proportion c. normal proportion d. boldface proportion 10 Name: Date: Grade 7 Section TD 7 Teacher : ACTIVITY 1 Let us practice lettering the Gothic style of letter. Just copy the letters on the line provided using a pencil. 1. A a 2. B b 3. C c 4. D d 5. E e 6. F f 7. G g 8. H h 9. I i 10. J j 11. K k 12. L l 13. M m 14. N n 11 15. O o 16. P p 17. Q q 18. R r 19. S s 20. T t 21. U u 22. V v 23 W w 24. X x 25. Y y 26. Z z Name: Date: Grade 7 Section TD 7 Teacher : ACTIVITY 2 12 Let us practice lettering the Roman style of letter. Just copy the letters on the line provided using a pencil. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 13 14 15. 16. 17 18. 19. 20 21 22. 23 24. 25 26 14 Name: Date: Grade 7 Section TD 7 Teacher : ACTIVITY 3 Let us practice lettering the Old English (Text) style of letter. Just copy the letters on the line provided using a pencil. 1. A a 2. B b 3. C c 4. D d 5 E e 6. F f 7. g 8. H h 9. I i 10. J j 11. K k 12. L l 13. M m 14. n 15 15. O o 16. P p 17. Q q 18. R r 19. S s 20. T t 21. U u 22. V v 23. w 24. X x 25. Y y 26. Z z Name: Date: Grade 7 Section TD 7 Teacher : ACTIVITY 4 Let us practice all the lettering styles.