AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF 2012 INTERNATIONAL CAMELLIA JOURNAL 2012 INTERNATIONAL CAMELLIA SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL NUMBER ISSN 0159-656X INTERNATIONAL CAMELLIA JOURNAL 国际山茶杂志 国際 ツノヾキ会誌 JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL DU CAMELLIA REVISTA INTERNAZIONALE DELLA CAMELIA REVISTA INTERNACIONAL DE LA CAMELIA INTERNATIONALE KAMELIENZEITSCHRIFT INTERNATIONAL CAMELLIA TIJDSCHRIFT 1962 2012 An un-named F2 hybrid with C.nitidissima in its parentage. Ever since the discovery of this species in tropical Guangxi Province, China, more than fifty years ago hybridists have been trying to use its genes to produce yellow blooming camellias for gardens in temperate zones. A dream for camellia enthusiasts everywhere. After much work by many hybridists, producing thousands of seedlings with ‘nearly yellow’ flowers is it possible that, at last, ICS members all over the world will be celebrating the next fifty years with mass plantings of beautiful camellias covered with golden yellow flowers ? 50 YEARS FRONT COVER PICTURE The front cover shows part of a collection of International Camellia Journals dating from 1962 to 2012. The article on p20 includes outlines of the their development from the first journal produced by Charles Puddle in 1962, before the days of computers, digital cameras and instant communication. JOURNAL PRODUCTION The International Camellia Journal goes through several stages before reaching its readers. Graham Mallett has been integral to the whole process during the last six years. The editor gathers articles and photographs from around the world, all received as e-mail attachments, or by other electronic methods. Texts are stored, organised into some order and edited. Photographs are checked for relevance, quality and definition. Enjoyable and creative exchanges of e-mails often take place. Shigeo Matsumoto Zhonglang Wang Japan China , 14 Mill Lane, Wimborne, Dorset BH21 1LN, UK. +44 (0)1202 882277 (0)1202 +44 UK. 1LN, BH21 Dorset Wimborne, Lane, Mill 14 , Top: Graham and Jennifer working on the layout for the 2012 Journal with data from Jennifer’s laptop. Max Hill Karin Jacobs-Gebauer Right: Bee Robson France Germany Press Minster The proofing the Journal Translators The editor indicates her preferred placement of images & tables, then, when all the main by Printed articles are ready, they go to Graham for initial ‘layout’. Reports from ICS officers, news from the regions and other items, plus advertisements and translations are all incorporated. Finally there are several sessions with the editor, working to ensure that there are no big empty spaces or major errors. Many mugs of coffee are consumed. The proof-reader then scrutinises the whole product before Graham prepares the final version and sends it to Minster Press for printing. Jennifer Trehane 1 International Camellia Journal 2012 No. 44 An official publication of the International Camellia Society Aims of the International Camellia Society To foster the love of camellias throughout the world and maintain and increase their popularity To undertake historical, scientific and horticultural research in connection with camellias To co-operate with all national and regional camellia societies and with other horticultural societies To disseminate information concerning camellias by means of bulletins and other publications To encourage a friendly exchange between camellia enthusiasts of all nationalities MAJOR DATES ON THE INTERNATIONAL CAMELLIA CALENDAR 2013 Feb 21st - 26th --- 3rd International Academic Forum on Yellow Camellias. 2013 April 5th -7th --- Meeting of ICS Historic Camellias Group. Pallanza. Italy. International Camellia Congresses 2014 --- Galicia, North West Spain. 2016 --- Dali, Yunnan, China. 2018 --- Nantes, Brittany, France. 2 Contents Message from the President 4 Patricia L. Short Notes from the Editor 6 Jennifer Trehane Summary of I.C.S. Web Manager’s Report David Trehane International Camellia Congress 2014, Galicia, Spain 7 The 2013 Nanning 3rd International Academic Forum on Yellow Camellias in Guangxi, China 12 Impressions of the 2012 ICS Congress in Chuxiong 13 Gary Long Chuxiong Post-Congress Tour to Shangri-la 17 Mike Robson The International Camellia Society – The First Fifty Years 20 Jennifer Trehane Historic Camellias and Conservation Camellia Archaeology at Quinta de Fiães, Portugal 38 Joana Andresen Guedes, with Herbert Short and José Louzada The Soutomaior Botanic Park and its camellia collection 41 Salinero M.C., Vela P., González M., Neves A., Barros A., Mansilla P. Splendor of Italian Camellias 44 Mirella Gloria Motta Camellia Culture in Yunnan 50 Zhang Fang-Yu Chuxiong Camellia, its discovery, history and present development 52 Wang Zhonglang, Xia Lifang, Feng Baojun, Toshiaki Shiuchi, Xu Chunmei The Camellia Ark: Australia’s new camellia conservation project 58 Stephen Utick Preservation and conservation of ancient Theaceae germplasm from biological refuges in Vietnam 61 D. R. Winn A challenging way to save the ancient camellia tree at Mt. Daluoshan in Wenzhou, China 64 Jiyuan Li, Jiarong Wang Protection of Historic Camellias in Goto Islands 66 Chuji Hiruki, Satoru Shima, Motoyo Oomi, Shiori Kimura, Shusuke Kubo and Kanji Yoshida Floral variations of wild Yunnan camellia on Mt. Zixi, Chuxiong City, Yunnan Province, China 68 Toshiaki Shiuchi, Tadashi Kanemoto, Zhonglang Wang, Jingxiu Li, Baojun Feng, Kaiyun Guan Characterization and identification of oldCamellia japonica L. cultivars growing at the Pazo de Gandarón, Pazo de Lourizán, Soutomaior Castle & some of the urban gardens of Pontevedra & Santiago de Compostela 71 Salinero M.C., Vela P., Couselo J.L., Sainz M. J., Neves A., González M. Multi-characteristic descriptions of camellia cultivars for long-term identification and conservation 77 Martin F. Stoner A summary of camellia conservation around the world 84 Jennifer Trehane Breeding and Cultivation It is joyful and fun to breed new camellias effectively 92 John Wang An excellent cultivar derived from F2 hybrids of Camellia nitidissima 96 Huang Liandong, Li Zhihui Ectomycorrhizal fungi promote cultivation of camellia plants 98 Tang Yongjun, Zhou Ming A significant achievement on camellia breeding in china 101 Liu Xinkai, Huang Wanjian, Zhong Naisheng, Chen Guanghui, Feng Guimei and Gao Jiyin Pollen morphology, vitality and storage capacity of Camellia rosthorniana Hand.-Mazz 109 Xu Lin, Du Kebing, Chen Fazhi, Yang Shoukun, Chen Weidong Grafting methods and rootstock varieties of Camellia in Sichuan 111 Li Zhou, Wei He, Bo Tian, Chongping Tan, Hongqun Jiang 3 The key technology of cutting propagation for Camellia reticulata 114 Yang Yuexian, Wang Zhonglang, Duan Anan, Dong Li, Gao Yuanhua Hybridization of Camellia species and study on chromosomes of hybrids 117 Shen Yunguang, Wang Zhonglang, Feng Baojun, Xie Jian Effects of liming on the growth of Camellia japonica cultivars in acid soils 120 Salinero M.C., Vela P., Sainz M.J., Couselo J.L. Disease and Pest Control Scale insects detected on camellia in Galicia 123 Rosa Pérez-Otero, Pedro Mansilla, Carmen Salinero Camellia japonica dieback caused by Neofusicoccum luteum and N. parvum in Spain 126 Pintos, C., Redondo, V., Chaves, M., Rial, C., Aguín, O., Mansilla, J.P. and Salinero, C. Assays with commercial fungicides against sclerotia formation in flowers infected byCiborinia camelliae 129 Salinero M.C., Couselo J.L., Vela P., Neves A., González M., Mansilla, P. In vitro assessment of the antagonism of Trichoderma spp. isolates for the control of Ciborinia camelliae 135 Aguín O., Dalama J., Sainz M.J., Salinero M.C., Mansilla J.P. Fungal transmission of a color-breaking virus in Tama-no-ura camellia in Japan 138 Chuji Hiruki Taxonomy and Genetic Research Studies on the origin of Camellia x wabisuke 142 Takayuki Tanaka Molecular and morphological comparison of Camellia amplexicaulis (Pitard) Coh. Stuart (Theaceae) with its selected interspecific hybrids 147 G. Orel, A. D. Marchant, A. S. Curry Genetic diversities and conservation strategies of Camellia japonica populations between China and Japan 152 Li Lin, Ji-yuan Li, Sui Ni, Yue Chen, Zhenqi Fan, Xinlei Li DNA Study of the Chuxiong population of Camellia reticulata Lindl. by FTIR 155 Lu Qiu, Renming Liu, Ying Chen, Chenbo Cai, Peng Liu, Haiyan Yang, Suguo Fang, Minzhen Si Pseudopollen in the Genus Camellia, its definition, morphology and status 156 Wang Zhonglang, Noriyuki Fujishita, Toshiaki Shiuchi, Masashi Nakata Study on the Camellia liberofilamenta 159 Yang Cheng-hua, Deng Lun-xiu, Dai Xiaoyong A new species of yellow camellia (Sect. Piquetia) from Vietnam 161 Tran Ninh, Hakoda Naotoshi, Luong Van Dung Anatomy and Tissue Culture Two Studies on the Propagation of Camellia Chekiangoleosa Hu using Micropropagation Techniques. 163 Morphological differentiation in floral buds ofCamellia azalea Wei 164 Li Xinlei, Li Jiyuan, Sun Zhenyuan, Yin Hengfu, Fan Zhengqi Ultrastructure of cells in formation and release of volatile compounds in an aromatic camellia cultivar 165 Fan Zhengqi, Li Jiyuan, Li Xinlei, Yin Hengfu and Zhou Xingwen Content analysis of polyphenols, flavonoids and soluble sugar in six Sect.Theopsis camellias 168 Ying Zhen, Han Qin, Ni Sui, Lin Li, Chen Yue Cloning and expression characters of chalcone isomerase gene from Camellia nitidissima Chi 170 Zhou Xing-wen, Li Jiyuan, Fan Zhengqi, Yin Heng-fu I.C.S. Web Manager’s Report 171 Deceased 2012 and Obituaries 173 News from the Regions 176 Treasurer’s Report 178 I.C.S. Membership Report 182 International Camellia Society Directors and other Officers 189 Contents’ Translations