z:\ ambedkar\vol-017\vol17-01-01.indd MK SJ+YS 11-10-2013/YS-19-11-2013 I ’ .... I take my vow that I shall lay down may life in defence of our land. Babasaheb Dr. B.R. Ambedkar (14th April 1891 - 6th December 1956) z:\ ambedkar\vol-017\vol17-01-01.indd MK SJ+YS 11-10-2013/YS-19-11-2013 II z:\ ambedkar\vol-017\vol17-01-01.indd MK SJ+YS 11-10-2013/YS-19-11-2013 III “For I am of the opinion that the most vital need of the day is to create among the mass of the people the sense of a common nationality, the feeling not that they are Indians first and Hindus, Mohammedans or Sindhis and Kanarese afterwards, but that they are Indians first and Indians last. If that be the ideal then it follows that nothing should be done which will harden local patriotism and group consciousness.” —(P. No. 66) —Dr. B. R. Ambedkar z:\ ambedkar\vol-017\vol17-01-01.indd MK SJ+YS 11-10-2013/YS-19-11-2013 IV z:\ ambedkar\vol-017\vol17-01-01.indd MK SJ+YS 11-10-2013/YS-19-11-2013 V DR BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR WRITINGS AND SPEECHES VOL. 17 PART ONE DR. B. R. AMBEDKAR AND HIS EGALITARIAN REVOLUTION PART ONE STRUGGLE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS z:\ ambedkar\vol-017\vol17-01-01.indd MK SJ+YS 11-10-2013/YS-19-11-2013 VI BLANK z:\ ambedkar\vol-017\vol17-01-01.indd MK SJ+YS 11-10-2013/YS-19-11-2013 VII DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR WRITINGS AND SPEECHES VOL. 17 PART ONE DR. B.R. AMBEDKAR AND HIS EGALITARIAN REVOLUTION PART ONE STRUGGLE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS Edited by HARI NARAKE DR. M. L. KASARE N. G. KAMBLE ASHOK GODGHATE z:\ ambedkar\vol-017\vol17-01-01.indd MK SJ+YS 11-10-2013/YS-19-11-2013 VIII Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar : Writings and Speeches Vol. 17 (Part-1) First Edition by Education Department, Govt. of Maharashtra : 4 October, 2003 Re-printed by Dr. Ambedkar Foundation : January, 2014 ISBN (Set) : 978-93-5109-064-9 Courtesy : Monogram used on the Cover page is taken from Babasaheb Dr. Ambedkar’s Letterhead. © Secretary Education Department Government of Maharashtra Price : One Set of 1 to 17 Volumes (20 Books) : ` 3000/- Publisher: Dr. Ambedkar Foundation Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India 15, Janpath, New Delhi - 110 001 Phone : 011-23357625, 23320571, 23320589 Fax : 011-23320582 Website : www.ambedkarfoundation.nic.in The Education Department Government of Maharashtra, Bombay-400032 for Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Source Material Publication Committee Printer M/s. Tan Prints India Pvt. Ltd., N. H. 10, Village-Rohad, Distt. Jhajjar, Haryana z:\ ambedkar\vol-017\vol17-01-01.indd MK SJ+YS 11-10-2013/YS-19-11-2013 IX Minister for Social Justice and Empowerment & Chairperson, Dr. Ambedkar Foundation Kumari Selja MESSAGE Babasaheb Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, the Chief Architect of Indian Constitution was a scholar par excellence, a philosopher, a visionary, an emancipator and a true nationalist. He led a number of social movements to secure human rights to the oppressed and depressed sections of the society. He stands as a symbol of struggle for social justice. The Government of Maharashtra has done a highly commendable work of publication of volumes of unpublished works of Dr. Ambedkar, which have brought out his ideology and philosophy before the Nation and the world. In pursuance of the recommendations of the Centenary Celebrations Committee of Dr. Ambedkar, constituted under the chairmanship of the then Prime Minister of India, the Dr. Ambedkar Foundation (DAF) was set up for implementation of different schemes, projects and activities for furthering the ideology and message of Dr. Ambedkar among the masses in India as well as abroad. The DAF took up the work of translation and publication of the Collected Works of Babasaheb Dr. B.R. Ambedkar published by the Government of Maharashtra in English and Marathi into Hindi and other regional languages. I am extremely thankful to the Government of Maharashtra’s consent for bringing out the works of Dr. Ambedkar in English also by the Dr. Ambedkar Foundation. Dr. Ambedkar’s writings are as relevant today as were at the time when these were penned. He firmly believed that our political democracy must stand on the base of social democracy which means a way of life which recognizes liberty, equality and fraternity as the principles of life. He emphasized on measuring the progress of a community by the degree of progress which women have achieved. According to him if we want to maintain democracy not merely in form, but also in fact, we must hold fast to constitutional methods of achieving our social and economic objectives. He advocated that in our political, social and economic life, we must have the principle of one man, one vote, one value. There is a great deal that we can learn from Dr. Ambedkar’s ideology and philosophy which would be beneficial to our Nation building endeavor. I am glad that the DAF is taking steps to spread Dr. Ambedkar’s ideology and philosophy to an even wider readership. I would be grateful for any suggestions on publication of works of Babasaheb Dr. Ambedkar. (Kumari Selja) z:\ ambedkar\vol-017\vol17-01-01.indd MK SJ+YS 11-10-2013/YS-19-11-2013 X Collected Works of Babasaheb Dr. Ambedkar (CWBA) Editorial Board Kumari Selja Minister for Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India and Chairperson, Dr. Ambedkar Foundation Shri Manikrao Hodlya Gavit Minister of State for Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India Shri P. Balram Naik Minister of State for Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India Shri Sudhir Bhargav Secretary Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India Shri Sanjeev Kumar Joint Secretary Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India and Member Secretary, Dr. Ambedkar Foundation Shri Viney Kumar Paul Director Dr. Ambedkar Foundation Shri Kumar Anupam Manager (Co-ordination) - CWBA Shri Jagdish Prasad ‘Bharti’ Manager (Marketing) - CWBA Shri Sudhir Hilsayan Editor, Dr. Ambedkar Foundation z:\ ambedkar\vol-017\vol17-01-01.indd MK SJ+YS 11-10-2013/YS-19-11-2013 XI DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR SOURCE MATERIAL PUBLICATION COMMITTEE 1. Hon'ble Shri Laxmanrao Dhoble ... PRESIDENT Minister, for Higher Education 2. Hon'ble Shri Anis Ahmed ... MEMBER Minister of State For Higher & Tech. Education 3. Shri R.S. Gavai ... MEMBER 4. Shri Ramdas Athawale ... MEMBER 5. Shri Prakash Ambedkar ... MEMBER 6. Prof. Jogendra Kawade ... MEMBER 7. Prof. N.D. Patil ... MEMBER 8. Dr. Janardan Waghmare ... MEMBER 9. Shri Laxman Mane ... MEMBER 10. Dr. M.L. Kasare ... MEMBER 11. Shri S.S. Rege ... MEMBER 12. Shri N.G. Kamble ... MEMBER 13. Dr. Yashwant Manohar ... MEMBER 14. Prof. Ashok Godghate ... MEMBER 15. Dr. Gangadhar Pantawane ... MEMBER 16. Prof. Keshav Meshram ... MEMBER 17. Shri T.M. Kamble ... MEMBER 18. Shri Hari Narake Member Secretary, ... MEMBER Mahatma Phule Source Material Publication Committee. 19. Director Government Printing and Publications ... MEMBER 20. Shrimati Chandra Iyengar, Principal Secretary, ... MEMBER Higher And Technical Education. 21. Dr. S.N. Pathan ... CONVENOR Director, Higher Education 22. Shri Hari Narake ... MEMBER- SECRETARY z:\ ambedkar\vol-017\vol17-01-01.indd MK SJ+YS 11-10-2013/YS-19-11-2013 XII BLANK z:\ ambedkar\vol-017\vol17-01-01.indd MK SJ+YS 11-10-2013/YS-19-11-2013 XIII CHIEF MINISTER Mantralaya, Mumbai 400 032. Date : 29th August 2003 MAHARASHTRA FOREWORD It gives me immense pleasure to write foreword to this 17th volume of Writings and Speeches of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar. I consider it my privilege to see that Govt. of Maharashtra have undertaken the task to publish the Writings and Speeches of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar. To publish these volumes means to boost up the renaissance and the Government of Maharashtra has every reason to take pride in carrying out this noble task. Dr. Ambedkar was determined to bring revolutionary changes in the national life of India. We all know that, in India there existed a traditional social set up which was held under the tentacles of caste-ridden graded inequality for centuries together. It was like pond of stagnant water. Dr. Ambedkar wanted to bring a complete change in social, economic and political life of the Indian Society. He experienced that, his millions of people were deprived of even basic human rights. He fought relentlessly for these rights till his last breath and succeeded in securing them. Social justice was the corner stone of his movement. He was the harbinger of human rights. He believed that democracy was not only a form of Government, but it was essentially a form of society. He wanted a society based on democratic values. He gave a gallant fight against orthodoxy to obtain these rights. He is the pioneer of democracy in India. The Constitution is the core of our national life. He always insisted upon egalitarian society. It was his conviction that political, social and economic changes can be brought about only through Constitutional means. z:\ ambedkar\vol-017\vol17-01-01.indd MK SJ+YS 11-10-2013/YS-19-11-2013 XII Unlike other great thinkers of the world, Dr. Ambedkar was not an abstract thinker. He participated actively in political and social activities. Being the Chairman of the Drafting Committee, he burned the midnight oil to draft our Constitution. Through this Constitution, he endowed the human rights to all those who were exploited and deprived of the basic rights. During his tenure as a Labour Minister his work for the upliftment of labour class is invaluable and unparalleled. Dr.