Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Landscape Architecture, Horticulture and Crop Production Science TRANSFORMING NYHAMNEN USING EVOLUTIONARY DESIGN AS A TOOL FOR DEVELOPING FLOOD ADAPTED URBAN SPACES Elin Karlsson & Elin Skagerling • Master’s project 30 credits • Landscape Architecture programme Master’s project • 30 credits Landscape Architecture programme Alnarp 2017 Transforming Nyhamnen: Using evolutionary design as a tool for developing flood adapted urban spaces Att utveckla Nyhamnen: Evolutionär design som ett verktyg för att utveckla översvämningsanpassade urbana miljöer Authors: Elin Karlsson & Elin Skagerling Supervisor: Lisa Diedrich, SLU, Department of Landscape Architecture, Planning and Management Co-supervisor: Alexander Henriksson, SLU, Department of Landscape Architecture, Planning and Management Examiner: Gunilla Lindholm, SLU, Department of Landscape Architecture, Planning and Management Co-examiner: Caroline Dahl, SLU, Movium Credits: 30 Project Level: A2E Course title: Master’s project in Landscape Architecture Course code: EX0814 Programme: Landscape Architecture Programme Place of publication: Alnarp Year of publication: 2017 Online publication: http://stud.epsilon.slu.se Keywords: Flooding, Stormwater management, Nyhamnen, Harbour redevelopment, Cloudbursts, Sea level rise, Climate change SLU, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Landscape Architecture, Horticulture and Crop Production Science Department of Landscape Architecture, Planning and Management ABSTRACT This master’s project aims at investigating how an evolutionary and to the future structure of Nyhamnen. rather than static approach to design can be applied to harbour areas undergoing urban redevelopment. More specifically, this Through in-field studies and studio work, this master’s project approach is used as a tool for developing a step-by-step design utilizes a method where research is conducted through design. that is able to manage flooding from cloudbursts or a rise of sea This method centres on a design process that includes readings and level throughout different phases of an urban redevelopment explorations of Nyhamnen’s areas of influence and effect, resulting process. Currently undergoing urban redevelopment, the harbour in a delimitation of a specific site, an area of control, to which our Nyhamnen in Malmö will constitute the area to which this concept design proposal is applied. This main method of this project is of evolutionary, flood adapted design will be applied. From a flood further complemented with literature studies and case studies. risk point of view, this harbour can be argued to be a complex site In addition to concerning theories about site, these studies also for urban redevelopment; located on hardscape, infill land not far concern research about climate change and storm- and floodwater above sea level, Nyhamnen constitutes an area that is especially management, theories about the concept of temporary uses, and vulnerable towards flooding. Yet, Malmö stad has already started of practical examples of site designs that incorporate methods for the process of turning this harbour into a dense city district. flood management or temporary uses. The flood adapted, evolutionary design concept presented in this project is divided into three consecutive steps; the first step relates to the current structure of Nyhamnen, the second step relates to the awaiting constructional phase of the area, and the third step relates to its future structure, as it is proposed by Malmö stad. By relating our design proposal to several stages of Nyhamnen’s transformational state, we are able to emphasize the changing, evolving requisites of this harbour. Our evolutionary approach to design is thus able to illustrate the difficulties of planning for an uncertain future, both in relation to the future state of the climate ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Special thanks to... ...our supervisors Lisa Diedrich and Alexander Henriksson for sharing your knowledge, and for engaging in inspiring meetings and thorough responses. ...Lars Böhme at Stadsbyggnadskontoret, Malmö stad, for a generous contribution with knowledge, information and material about Nyhamnen. ...our family and friends for support and encouragement. ...and, lastly, to Pär Altermark and Daniel Holmberg for support, thorough proofreading and feedback. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ................................................................................8 Chapter D: Temporary uses of sites.....................................................39 Background .............................................................................................8 What is temporary use?.......................................................................39 Research question....................................................................................9 Temporary uses as tactical urbanism...................................................40 Goals and aims........................................................................................9 Methods and materials..........................................................................10 Chapter E: Case studies.........................................................................43 Limitations...............................................................................................12 New Order of Nature//FredericiaC, Denmark................................43 Disposition...............................................................................................12 Sankt Annæ Square//Copenhagen, Denmark..................................44 Terminology............................................................................................13 Parc de Boulogne Billancourt//France...............................................45 Euroméditerranée 2//Marseille, France.............................................46 PART I Tagus cycle track//Lisbon, Portugal...................................................47 Chapter A: Climate change..................................................................17 Île de Nantes//Nantes, France............................................................47 The sources and effects of climate change........................................18 Flooding..................................................................................................20 Summary Part I......................................................................................49 Chapter B: Managing storm- and floodwater runoff.........................23 PART II Urbanisation and stormwater runoff...................................................23 The Nyhamnen Initiative........................................................................52 Stormwater runoff management in Malmö.......................................24 Chapter F: SIte reading: The areas of influence and effect..............53 Open solutions for stormwater management....................................26 Harbour history in Malmö....................................................................54 Constructing stormwater facilities.......................................................28 Nyhamnen and the Öresund region....................................................58 Nyhamnen and Malmö..........................................................................62 Chapter C: To define and design site..................................................35 Land ownership.......................................................................................66 Understanding site................................................................................35 Public spaces and practices..................................................................68 The dynamic relational construct........................................................36 Infrastructure..........................................................................................70 Pollutants.................................................................................................72 Materials.................................................................................................74 6 Vegetation..............................................................................................76 Atmosphere.............................................................................................78 Site reading: Finding the area of control............................................82 Flood risk................................................................................................82 Water connections.................................................................................85 Chapter G: The area of control............................................................89 Chapter H: Site editing: Design proposal.............................................97 Step 1: Temporary uses.....................................................................100 Step 2: Phytoremidiation...................................................................106 Step 3: Nyhamnen Water Line.........................................................108 Chapter G: Reflections........................................................................115 On the Evolutionary Design Concept...............................................115 Final remarks........................................................................................117 Future work..........................................................................................119 SOURCES Written