"LA SIEMPRE FIEL ISLA." CUBA WITH PEN AND PENCIL. BY SAMUEL HAZARD. " It '" the most ~ulland that eyes ever beheld." -CoLUMBUS. LONDON: SAMPSON WW"MARSTON, LOW, & SEARLE, CROWN BUlLDlNGS, 188, FLEET STREET. • APP EN DI X. TELEGRAPH UNES ON THE ISLAND OF CUBA. CENTIlAL Duuu:r LINIl, to Bemba, Villa Clara, Sancti-Spiritu, Ciego de Avila, Puerto Principe, Guaimaro, TWl38, Bayamo, Jiguani y Santiago de Cuba, with DETACHED LINK, to BejucaJ, Batabano, Guines, Union, Bemba, Cardenas, Colon, Santo Domingo (colony oC) y Villa Clara. WESTERN LINIl, to San Antonio, Guanajay, San Cristobal, Palacios, Paso Real, Consolacion y Pinar del Rio. BRANCHE5, to Matanzas, branch from La Union; Cienfuegos, Sagua, Remedios, Boca de Sagua y Caibarien, branch from Villa Clara; Trinidad, branch from Sancti·Spiritu. LINES READY TO OPEN, to Cauto de los Dorados, Sibanicu, Nuevitas, Matemillos, Manzanillo, Holguin, Gibara, El Cristo y Cauto Embarcadero. TARlF'F.-From I to 10 words inclusive, 12.12; 10 to 20 words, $2.28 j 20 to • 30 words, $4.25 ; 30 to 40 words, k-so j 40 to So words, $6.75. From Havana to Santiago de Cuba, Ja.so for the first 10 yords, and 25 cents fur each additional yord. From Havana to Jamaica, '5.00 for the first 10 yords, and So cents for each additional yord. The tolls, in a1l cases, are payable in gold. Despatches are received for points beyond telegraph statio~ and forwarded by special messengers at the rate of about '1.00 fer every three miles, except the first tbree, for which the charge is '1.50. fhe telegraph offices are open from 6 in the morning until 10 at night. Havana time is kept at all the stationa. COMPANY INTERNATIONAL, OCEAN - BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND HAVANA. Onu", No. aa MUCAD"RBS ST1lDT. HAVANA. TAJl.IFF.-From Havana to any point in the United States east ofthe Mississippi. river, including Sto Louis, I to 10 words, '5.00; every additional word, 40 ceots. From Havana to any point in the United States west of the Mississippi river, 1 to 10 words, '7.50; every additional word, 75 cents. From Havana to Cayo Hueso, Florida, 1 to 10 words, 'I.7S j every additional word, 18 cents. (557) I 558 APPENDIX. TABLE SHOWING THE RESULTS AH» INCRRASE OF POPULATION o,. THE ISLAND OF CUBA FOR A PERlaD OF YEAR.S, COIIIIENCING WITB TH& CENSUS OF 1774- rEúPL~ WHITE5.. I OF COLOR -----------Year. 1111m. F~.... Total Malea. 'F...we.. ---Tllbl L Mal....-----1-......... TaaI. 1774 55,~76 40.864 96Mo 16,152 14.6c}5 3(',847 28.77 1 15056: i4-333' 1792 72,299 61,260 133,559 25,211 21,941 540 152 47.424 37,166' l!o4.S901 1817 13~519 10l},311 239.830 55,SS5 55,173 114.058 124.324 74.&21 19901451 1827 168,653 142.398 311,°51 540962 55,532 106.494 183,2C}O 10],652'286,1 183°1 332,352 112,365- '310.97S l8.p 227,144 191,147 418,291 77,703 77,135 152,838 281,250 155,245'436.495 1846230.983 1%784 4250767 76,65 1 76'H5 1490 226 201,011 122,748 32],159 1849245,6c}5 2IIo438 457,133 84,623 84, 7 164.410' 19I}, 177 124.720'32],897 1858 328,065 261,712 5&},777 9Ot421 C}O, 53 1750 274 220,999 14],2S4'364,2 11860 61502J4 2090497 1367.7 1861 468,0871325,397 793,434- I18,806¡II8,687 232,493 218,722 151,S31 370-5531 0 8 11867 764.75 225,93 , 37'9t523 MORTALJTV OF HAVANA COMPARED WITH THAT OF OTBER. CITJEs. The number of deaths, per aMuro, is :-In Havana, 1 to nery 24-3 iDJaab­ itana; in Paria, 1 to every 36.3 inhabitanls; In Madrid. 1 lo cftl}' ]O ..... tants; In New York, I to every 40 inhabitants; In LandoD, 1 lo evcry 41.2 inbabitants; In Vienna, 1 to every 31-4 inhabitants. TABLE OF CUBAN MEASURES. LINEAL I Cllban Yardo. Spmisb Yudo. ElII!ish Yarda. 11_--1 Cuban Yard, l. 1.014 0.927 0.848 I Havana Yard, 0.995 1·009 0.922 0.844 , Cord, 24- 24-336 22.128 20.3S2 ' League, 5000• 5°70. 4635- SQUARE. Cor¡¡;---- ~i=1 576- 24 494-97 Caballeria, 186.624 -1 191,m:05 160,371-41 I 1,14.202.06 ! One arroba,. •• •• 25 lb&. A boJ: of sugar contailll from 17 lo 22 arrObu. A sack of coffee" lO • •• 6" 8 lO A hogsbead of mascabado lugar contains from 40 lO 60 .. A sack of coal contains from • •• 9" 8 .. A (borse) load of tobacco contains •••• 2 büea. A load of bananas contains. •• 275 Iarge or 325 amall ones. A 'bogsbead of molasses contains from • •• 25 to 33 barrds. A barrel of molasses contaiDl •• • Si AmericaD ~ A pipe of wine contaius • ••. 600bottIca. A garrafon of wine contains • • 25 lO Cuban money has beco described in the mt chaptcl'l ol thia YOIame. b addltioD to the coins mentioned tbere, tbere are some infinitesimal c:oiDs, aadi • '. _nlrtii, .,lúi..tU, etc., which tbe traveler ncver seeL 11Ie peopIc ol tIae iDIerior UIe, in emergcociea, even chickC1l bonca and bita oC woocl. • APPENDlX. 559 COKKERCE OF THE I5LAND OF CUBA. Tbe commerce o( Cuba has ell:perienced great changes during the last century and tbe first quarter of tbe presen!, in consequence of the partial immunities conceded at various times from successive restrictions and freedom from tbe evil results of wars hetween Europe and America. Thougb in 1817 tbe Cuban ports were definitely opened .lo general commerce, it was not until 1825 that its new era of success hegan. From tbat date tbe commerce of Cuba has made great and •rapid strides forward, as will he seen by tbe following table.. P.... c:t. Inause Perct. Increase Porioda oí &"" yoan. Importa. Exporta. olImpo<\$. of Exporta 1826 to 1830 $lo412,68I) $12,717,929 00.0 00.0 1831 to 1835 1 756,448 12,887,~ 8.7 1·3 1836 to 1840 21,662,766 18,50 3, 29·3 43.6 1841 to 1845 220472,355 24.099,646 3'¡ 3°·2 1846 to 1850 27,150,754 24.828,986 20. 3- 1851 to 1855 3°,498.390 3 1,498.516 12.3 26. Taking one of tbese perloda as an example we find tbat of this commerce there was done under tbe Spanisb flag $8,945,989 importa, '3,545,818 exports; foreign fIags, ~I,5520401 importa, ~7,952,6c}8 exporta. Of tbis there was Gone "6y the United States, '7.395,754 imports, '12,263,511 exports ¡ England, $6.398.234 imports, ~,612 exports; France, '2,27°,944 imports, 12,092,011 exports; Germany, $1.427,396 imports, $1,894,171 exporta. In the importations of the island tbere appears tbe (ollowing percentage al artic1es : PIlOVISION5-- Spanish wine.'1, 4-95 per cent. Spices, •.• .• .34 per cent. Spanisb oil, ••• 1.87 .. Fruits, dried & pressed, .81 .. Rum, vinegar and al1 Wheat flour, ... 10-20 u other liquora, • Grains and other fiours, 5.91 Meats, ...• .. Fisb,. .•• •• 2.37 !,.aJ"li, •••• ti Other provisions,.. 2.1)8 42.43 per cent. MEIlCHANDJ2B-­ Cotton goods, 8.62 per cent. Linen goods, • 9.62 .. Woolen .. 1.66 " Silk .. 2.58 22.48 per cen Coined Gold, • • 1.6 per cen!. Coined Silver, . ··09 .. 2.5 per cen!, Skins or leatber, 2.03 per cent. Animala, .• ·72 " Woods, •••. 8.05" Railroad stu1fs, 1.00 te Machinery and ironmongery for ingenios, ••• 1.30 Crockery, paper, jewelry, meta1a, etc, • • 19·57 .. ... 100.00 per cent. • APPENDIXo In the Ezports of the Ialand there appear the fODowin¡ utida ud per­ centage: Sugar, including IDO- Was. ••• .!Jo percent. lasses and rwn 82.46 per cent. Bees' houey, .25 : Tobacc:o, mauufu:tured, 4-55 lO Fruits, etc., • .28 Tobacco, in leal; •• z.8O lO Animals, •••• .01 .. (chocolate)s~ Copper, J.4S lO Caa.a. Cotree, 3- 17 preserves, guano, etc, .70 .. Woods, 1·53 .. 100.00 pu·ccaL The sugar interest is one that has grown enormously with the ne" machinery. and the percentage o( tobacco hu also vastly increased. TAHur. SHOWING PEllCItNTAGIt 01' '1"HB COIUIEI.CB DONE BY THE DIFFU· ltNT PORTS 01' '1"HB ISLAND. Ravana, • 6z.64 per cent. Jibara, . .. o. 76 per cellt. Matanzas, • 11.69 H kemedioe, •• 0.71" Cuba, .. 7.95 Manzanillo, 0.61" Cardenaa, . 4-16".Baracoa.. Ga26 Cien~egos, 4-02" Saneti Spiritu, 0.10 .. Trinidad, • •• 3.50 Santa Cruz,. 0.14 Sagua la Grande, z.z8 lO Guantanamo, . 0.10" Npevitas, • •• 1.02 lO MarieJ,... 0.01" In late years the commerce o( lOme of these places has "el}' much ~ ia tbe amount o( business done at their points, particularly the new tOWIIS (campal'­ atiYe1y), o( Matanzas, Cardenas, Cienfuegoe, Nuevitas, and GuautanamG. le. not possible to tell with euctitude what is the amount o( busi_ doae in die Ialand at present, but the increase in the aboYe figures has been en~ die annual amount befare thc rebellion reaching the sum el nearly sizty miJ6~ el dollars o( uports and the same o( imports. EYerything is done to favor Spanish trade ud place obstacles ia tbe way 01 that of othe:r nations j in fact their duties are a1IIIOIt prohibitory.gaiDlt .., artieles that the United States raises in peat proluIioa. altboa¡h tbe la1aIId woa1d, othenrile, be a aplcndid market for our people. APPENDIX. METHODS OF COMMUNICATION AND TUVEL ON THE ISLAND OF CUB~ Withont the assistance oC rai1road and steamboat rontes, tbe communlcations on the Island oC Cuba would be the worst in the world.