Church andandand Chapel: Parish Ministry and Methodism in Madeley, c.c.c. 1717176017 606060----178517851785,,,, with Special Reference to the Ministry of John Fletcher A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Religions and Theology in the Faculty of Humanities 2010 David RRobertobert Wilson School of Arts, Histories and Cultures 2 Contents Abstract ................................................................................... ................................................................................................ ................................................................................................ ................................................7..... 777 Declaration ................................................................................... ................................................................................................ ................................................................................................ ......................................9999 Copyright Statement ................................................................................... ................................................................................................ ................................................................................. ............999 The Author ................................................................................... ................................................................................................ ............................................................................................. ................ 111111 Acknowledgements ................................................................................... ................................................................................................ ................................................................................. ............131313 Abbreviations ................................................................................... ................................................................................................ .......................................................................................... ............. 151515 PrefacePreface................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................ ............................. 212121 FletcherFletcher----MadelMadelMadeleyey ChronologyChronology................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ..................... 252525 IntroductionIntroduction................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................. ................ 292929 Methodology .............................................................................................................. 33 Methodological Premises....................................................................................... 33 The Sources............................................................................................................ 36 Review of Literature................................................................................................... 36 Religious History.................................................................................................... 37 The Church of England......................................................................................... 40 Methodism.............................................................................................................. 43 Biography and Religious Identity ......................................................................... 46 Industrialization...................................................................................................... 53 Originality of this Study............................................................................................. 54 Chapter 1 Madeley in 17601760................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................ ............................. 575757 Religious History........................................................................................................ 58 Hereford Diocese ................................................................................................... 59 Madeley Clergy...................................................................................................... 60 Parish and People....................................................................................................... 61 Landscape and Population .................................................................................... 62 Leisure and Amusements ...................................................................................... 64 Employment ........................................................................................................... 65 Agriculture and Early Industrialization................................................................. 66 FletcherÊs Call to the Church of England and to Madeley...................................... 67 Preparation for Ministry......................................................................................... 71 Ordinations............................................................................................................. 74 Appointment to Madeley ...................................................................................... 76 Chapter 2 Church Services and Patterns of Worship ................................................................................ ................................ ................ 818181 Sunday Duty............................................................................................................... 82 Frequency of Services............................................................................................ 82 Conduct of the Services......................................................................................... 84 Worship Singing..................................................................................................... 89 Communion ........................................................................................................... 91 Remembering the Sabbath........................................................................................ 95 FletcherÊs Preaching in Madeley ............................................................................... 99 Language and Presentation ................................................................................. 102 The Form of FletcherÊs Sermons......................................................................... 104 Effect of FletcherÊs Preaching .............................................................................. 111 Baptisms, Weddings and Burials............................................................................. 113 Baptisms................................................................................................................ 114 Weddings.............................................................................................................. 115 Burials ................................................................................................................... 117 3 Care for the Church .................................................................................................117 Conclusion ................................................................................................................118 Chapter 3 Church Extension: ÂChapelÊ Ministry and the Societies in Madeley ...... 119119119 Introduction...............................................................................................................119 Official and Unofficial Means of Extension ............................................................123 Expansion of Church Services.................................................................................126 Madeley Religious Societies.....................................................................................130 Origins and Development....................................................................................130 Leadership in and Management of the Societies................................................138 Expanded Ministry to the Coalfield ........................................................................141 Coalfield Itinerancy ..............................................................................................141 Open Air Preaching .............................................................................................145 Preaching Beyond the Coalfield and Visiting Preachers in Madeley ...................148 Chapter 4 Tensions in Church and ChapelChapel..................................................................................................................