For Official Use Only Central Ground Water Board Ministry of Jal Shakti Department of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation Govt. of India GROUND WATER YEAR BOOK 2019-2020 TELANGANA STATE MAY 2019 WATER LEVEL NOVEMBER 2019 WATER LEVEL Southern Region, Hyderabad June 2020 Central Ground Water Board Ministry of Jal Shakti Departmernt of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation Govt. of India GROUND WATER YEAR BOOK 2019-2020 TELANGANA STATE CONTRIBUTORS Principal Authors G Praveen Kumar , Scientist-C Caroline Louis, Scientist-B Ground Water Quality M. Bhaskar Reddy, Scientist-B Y SatyaKumar, Asst.chemist GROUND WATER YEAR BOOK (2019–2020) TELANGANA STATE CONTENTS Foreword Executive Summary S. No. Chapter Name Page No. 1. INTRODUCTION 1-2 1.1 Location and Extent 1 2. PHYSIOGRAPHY, DRAINAGE, SOILS 3-4 2.1 Physiography 3 2.2 Drainage 3 2.3 Soils 3 3. HYDROMETEOROLOGY 5-15 3.1 Climate 5 3.2 Rainfall Analysis-2019 5 3.2.1 May, 2019 8 3.2.2 August, 2019 10 3.2.3 November, 2019 12 3.3.4 January, 2020 14 4. GEOLOGY 16-18 4.1 Archaean and Lower Protorozoic 17 4.2 Middle to Upper protorozoic 17 4.3 Gondwana Super Group 18 4.4 Deccan Traps (Basalt) 18 4.5 Quaternary Deposits 18 5. GROUND WATER RESOURCES (2017) 19 6. GROUND WATER REGIME MONITORING 20-23 6.1 Consolidated formations 20 6.2 Semi-consolidated formations 20 6.3 Unconsolidated formations 21 6.4 Monitoring Methodology 21 6.4.1 Participatory Ground water Monitoring 21 6.4.2 Chemical Quality Monitoring 21 6.5 Maintenance of Database on Ground Water Monitoring Wells 22 6.6 Distribution of Ground Water Monitoring Wells 22 6.6.1 District-Wise Distribution of Ground Water Monitoring Wells 22 6.6.2 Basin-wise distribution of Ground Water Monitoring Wells 23 6.6.3 Aquifer-Wise Distribution of Ground Water Monitoring Wells 23 7. ANALYSIS OF WATER LEVELS 24-57 7.1 Depth To Water Levels 25 7.1.1 Depth to Water Levels (May-2019-Pre-Monsoon Season) 25 7.1.2 Depth to Water Levels (August-2019-Mid-Monsoon Season) 26 7.1.3 Depth to Water Levels (November-2019-Post-Monsoon Season) 27 7.1.4 Depth to Water Levels (January-2020) 28 7.2 Integrated Depth To Water Level Maps (GWD and CGWB) 29 7.2.1 Integrated Depth To Water Level Maps (GWD and CGWB) in 29 May 2019 7.2.2 Integrated Depth To Water Level Maps (GWD and CGWB) in 30 November 2019 7.3 Water Level Fluctuation with pre-monsoon water level 32 7.3.1 Water Level Fluctuation from May 2019 to Aug 2019 32 7.3.2 Water Level Fluctuation from May, 2019 to Nov 2019 33 7.3.3 Water Level Fluctuation from May 2019 to Jan 2020 34 7.4 Annual Water Level Fluctuations 36 7.4.1 Water Level Fluctuations from May-2018 to May-2019 36 7.4.2 Water Level Fluctuation from August-2018 to August-2019 37 7.4.3 Water Level Fluctuations from Nov-2018 to Nov-2019 39 7.4.4 Water Level Fluctuations from January-2019 to January-2020 40 7.5 Decadal Water Level Fluctuations 42 7.5.1 Water Level Fluctuations from Decadal mean of May 42 (2009-18) to May-2019 7.5.2 Water Level Fluctuations from Decadal Mean of August 43 (2009-18) to August-2019 7.5.3 Water Level Fluctuations from Decadal Mean of 45 November(2009-18) to Novemeber-2019 7.5.4 Water Level Fluctuations from Decadal Mean of January 46 (2010-19) to January-2020 7.6 Aquifer wise water levels 48 7.7 Long-term Water Level Trends-Hydrographs 48-60 7.7.1 Long term water level trends 49 7.7.2 Long term water level scenario 51 8. GROUND WATER QUALITY 61-75 8.1 Distribution of Physico-Chemical Parameters 61 8.1.1 Hydrogen Ion Concentration (pH) 62 8.1.2 Electrical Conductivty (EC) 62 8.1.3 Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 62 8.1.4 Total Hardness (TH) 63 2+ 8.1.5 Calcium (Ca ) 63 2+ 8.1.6 Magnesium (Mg ) 64 + 8.1.7 Sodium (Na ) 64 + 8.1.8 Potassium (K ) 64 - 8.1.9 Carbonate and Bicarbonate (CO3 and HCO3) 65 - 8.1.10 Chloride (Cl ) 65 2- 8.1.11 Sulphate (SO4 ) 66 - 8.1.12 Nitrate (NO3 ) 66 8.1.13 Fluoride (F-) 67 8.2 Quality of ground water for drinking purpose 68 8.3 Quality of Ground Water for Irrigation Purposes 69 8.3.1 US Salinity Laboratory Classification (USSL) 70 8.3.2 Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) 71 8.4 Ground water Facies 72 8.5 Water quality for livestock and poultry 73 Figures Figure Page No. Fig.1.1 Location of GWMS in Telangana State (as on 31st March, 2018). 2 Fig.2.1 Drainage and River sub-basin map of Telangana State. 4 Fig.3.1 Isohytel map of Telangana state (Normal annual rainfall in mm). 6 Fig.3.2 District-wise Departure of Annual Rainfall (2017) from Normal 6 Rainfall. Fig.3.3 Rainfall Departure of Jun’18- May’19 from Normal of same Period. 9 Fig.3.4 Rainfall Departure of Jun’18 to May’19 from Jun ‘17 to May’18 9 Fig.3.5 Rainfall Departure (June19-Aug-19 with June 2018-Aug 2018.) 11 Fig.3.6 Rainfall Departure (June19-Aug-19 with normal of the same 11 period). Fig.3.7 Rainfall Departure (June-October’19) from Normal of same Period. 13 Fig.3.8 Rainfall Departure of June-October’19 from June -October’18. 13 Fig.3.9 Rainfall Departure (June-Dec’19) from Normal of same Period. 15 Fig.3.10 Rainfall Departure of June-Dec’19 from June -Dec’18. 15 Fig.4.1 Geology of Telangana State. 16 Fig.4.2 Principal Aquifers of Telangana State. 17 Fig.5.1 Categorization of Mandals (as on 2017), Telangana State. 19 Fig.7.1 Depth to Water Levels of water levels,-Premonsoon-2019(May) 25 Fig.7.2 Depth to Water Levels-Aug, 2019. 26 Fig.7.3 Depth to Water Levels-Nov, 2019. 27 Fig.7.4 Depth to Water Levels-January, 2020. 28 Fig.7.5 Depth To Water Level Map of May 2019 (Integrated data) 29 Fig.7.6 Depth To Water Level Map of November 2019 (Integrated data) 31 Fig.7.7 Water level Fluctuation from May,2019 to Aug, 2019. 33 Fig.7.8 Water Level Fluctuations from May, 2019 to Nov, 2019. 34 Fig.7.9 Water Level Fluctuations from May, 2019 to Jan, 2020. 35 Fig.7.10 Water level Fluctuation from May, 2018 to May, 2019. 37 Fig.7.11 Water Level Fluctuations from August, 2018 to August, 2019. 38 Fig.7.12 Water Level Fluctuations from November, 2018 to November, 40 2019. Fig.7.13 Water Level Fluctuations from January, 2019 to January, 2020. 41 Fig.7.14 Water Level Fluctuation from Decadal mean of May (2009-18) to 43 May, 2019. Fig.7.15 Water Level Fluctuation from Decadal Mean of Aug(2009-18) to 44 Aug, 2019 Fig.7.16 Water Level Fluctuation from Decadal Mean of Nov (2009-18) to 46 Nov, 2019 Fig.7.17 Water Level Fluctuation from Decadal Mean of Jan(2010-2019) to 47 Jan, 2020 Fig.7.18 Long term water level trend - Pre-monsoon (10 Years) 50 Fig.7.19 Long term water level trend – Post-monsoon (10 Years) 50 Fig.7.20 Schematic representation of water level trend scenario 51 Fig.7.21 Pre monsoon Water Level Trend Scenario 52 Fig.7.22 Post-monsoon Water Level Trend Scenario 53 Fig.7.23 Representative Hydrographs from Telengana State 54-60 (a-t) Fig.8.1 Location of Ground water sample sites, in Telangana sites 61 Fig.8.2 Distribution of TDS (May,2019). 63 Fig.8.3 Distribution of Chloride in ground water (May,2019). 66 Fig.8.4 Distribution of Nitrate in ground water (May,2019). 67 Fig.8.5 Distribution of Fluoride in ground water (May-2019). 68 Fig.8.6 U.S. Salinity diagram for classification of irrigation waters 71 for shallow aquifers of Telangana State -2019 Fig.8.7 Ground water facies (Piper Plot)-May-2019. 73 Tables Table Description Page No. Table-3.1 Monthly actual and normal rainfall (mm) during 2019. 7 Table-3.2 District-wise rainfall (June’18-May’19) and its departure from normal 8 and June’17-May’18 Table-3.3 District-wise rainfall (June’19-Aug’19) and its departure from normal 10 and June’18-May’18 Table-3.4 District-wise rainfall (June’19-Oct’19) and its departure from normal 12 and June’18-Oct’18 Table-3.5 District-wise rainfall (June’19-Dec’19) and its departure from normal 14 and June’18-Dec’18 Table-6.1 Distribution of GWMS, Telangana State (As on March, 2019). 22 Table-6.2 Basin-wise distribution of GWMS, Telangana State. 23 Table-6.3 District –wise and Principal Aquifer-wise, Distribution of monitoring 23 stations- Telangana state (as on March, 2019). Table-7.1 Depth to water levels and percentage of wells, May 2019 30 Table-7.2 Depth to water levels and percentage of wells, November 2019 31 Table-7.3 Aquifer wise distribution of water levels, Telangana State. 48 Table-7.4 Representative Hydrographs stations showing rising and falling 48 trends. Table-7.5 Categorization of Water Level Scenario 51 Table-7.6 District wise Water Level Trend Scenario 53 Table-8.1 District wise collection of samples (May, 2019).