No. Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Ministry of Local Administration and Environment (MLAE) Damascus governorate (DG) Rural Damascus governorate (RDG) The Syrian Arab Republic The Study on Urban Planning for Sustainable Development of Damascus Metropolitan Area in the Syrian Arab Republic Final Report Volume 4 Sector Report March 2008 RECS International Inc. SD Yachiyo Engineering Co., Ltd. J R 08-025 Part 1 Transportation and Traffic Management The Study on Urban Planning for Sustainable Development of Damascus Metropolitan Area in the Syrian Arab Republic Final Report Volume 4 Sector Report Part 1 Transportation and Traffic Contents Page Chapter 1 Existing Traffic and Transportation in the DMA ................................1-1 1.1 Existing Traffic Demand on Road Network........................................................ 1-1 1.1.1 Major intersection survey.................................................................................... 1-1 1.1.2 Roadside traffic count ......................................................................................... 1-2 1.1.3 Road network ...................................................................................................... 1-5 1.1.4 Network capacity along five axes ....................................................................... 1-7 1.1.5 Comparison of existing vehicle traffic demand................................................... 1-8 1.2 Public Transportation .......................................................................................... 1-9 1.2.1 Bus and microbus transportation......................................................................... 1-9 1.2.2 Rail transportation............................................................................................. 1-10 1.2.3 Air transportation .............................................................................................. 1-11 1.3 Traffic Management .......................................................................................... 1-12 1.3.1 Traffic lane management................................................................................... 1-12 1.3.2 Traffic signals.................................................................................................... 1-13 1.3.3 On-road parking ................................................................................................ 1-14 1.3.4 Vehicle registration............................................................................................ 1-15 1.3.5 Traffic accidents and traffic violation ............................................................... 1-16 1.4 Existing Major Transportation Problems and Possible Measures ..................... 1-20 Chapter 2 Frameworks and Planning Concepts ....................................................2-1 2.1 Frameworks......................................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Planning Concepts............................................................................................... 2-3 - i - Chapter 3 Conceptual Project Formulation .......................................................... 3-1 3.1 Project Formulation Criteria................................................................................3-1 3.2 Conceptual Projects.............................................................................................3-1 Chapter 4 Traffic Demand Forecast ....................................................................... 4-1 4.1 Assumptions and Input Data ...............................................................................4-1 4.2 Demand Forecast Model....................................................................................4-13 4.3 Procedure...........................................................................................................4-14 4.4 Generation and Attraction..................................................................................4-14 4.5 Desired Lines.....................................................................................................4-17 4.6 Spider Assignment.............................................................................................4-21 Chapter 5 Future Traffic and Transport System................................................... 5-1 5.1 Results of Traffic Demand Analysis....................................................................5-1 5.2 Traffic Management ............................................................................................5-4 5.3 Proposed Projects and Implementation Schedule................................................5-4 5.4 Restudy of the Transportation Master Plan .........................................................5-4 - ii - List of Tables Page Table 1.1 Summary of Major Intersections Counting................................................................ 1-1 Table 1.2 Screen-Line Crossing Volumes .................................................................................. 1-3 Table 1.3 24hours/12hours Ratio and Directional Ratio on Screen-Line in 2006...................... 1-4 Table 1.4 Construction Cost Comparison between 1998 and 2006 ........................................... 1-6 Table 1.5 Road Projects Review between 1998 and 2006 ......................................................... 1-6 Table 1.6 Rail Transportation................................................................................................... 1-11 Table 1.7 Air Passengers at Syrian Airports............................................................................. 1-12 Table 1.8 Capacity Calculation Result under Assumptions ..................................................... 1-14 Table 1.9 Existing Toll Car Parks.............................................................................................1-15 Table 3.1 Selected Projects Conceived for Transport Sector Plan ............................................. 3-1 Table 4.1 Traffic Zones .............................................................................................................. 4-2 Table 4.2 Parameter of Gravity Model..................................................................................... 4-14 Table 5.1 Transport Demand for Public and Other Transportation............................................ 5-4 Table 5.2 Project Specification and Schedule ............................................................................ 5-5 - iii - List of Figures Page Figure 1.1 Summary of Major Intersection Counting ................................................................1-2 Figure 1.2 Screen-Line...............................................................................................................1-3 Figure 1.3 Traffic Fluctuation of Screen-line Crossing Volumes in 2006..................................1-4 Figure 1.4 Present Road Network in 2006 .................................................................................1-5 Figure 1.5 Directional Daily Average Travel Speed of Major Three Routes .............................1-7 Figure 1.6 Road Network Capacity along Each of Five Major Axes.........................................1-7 Figure 1.7 Desire Lines in 1997 .................................................................................................1-8 Figure 1.8 Desire Lines in 2006 .................................................................................................1-8 Figure 1.9 Microbus Routes in 2006..........................................................................................1-9 Figure 1.10 Bus Routes and Capacity in 2006 ...........................................................................1-9 Figure 1.11 Rail Network in Syria............................................................................................1-10 Figure 1.12 Rail Transportation (GESR)..................................................................................1-11 Figure 1.13 Air Passengers at Syrian Airports..........................................................................1-12 Figure 1.14 Summary of Lane Marking Survey.......................................................................1-13 Figure 1.15 Capacity Calculation Network..............................................................................1-14 Figure 1.16 Number of Registered Vehicle in Syria (All Vehicle Type) ..................................1-15 Figure 1.17 Number of Registered Vehicles in Damascus .......................................................1-16 Figure 1.18 Number of Registered Vehicles in Rural Damascus .............................................1-16 Figure 1.19 Traffic Accidents in Syria .....................................................................................1-17 Figure 1.20 Traffic Accidents in Rural Damascus Governorate...............................................1-18 Figure 1.21 Causes of Traffic Accidents in Syria in 2005........................................................1-18 Figure 1.22 Number of Traffic Accidents by Vehicle Type in Syria in 2005 ...........................1-19 Figure 1.23 Number of Traffic Penalties by Violation in Syria................................................1-19 Figure 2.1 Present Traffic Movements .......................................................................................2-1 Figure 2.2 Traffic Demand by Concept of Urban Planning .......................................................2-2 Figure 2.3 Traffic Pattern Conceived for DMA Transport Plan